Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nzima ukuphefumula ngokuzumayo, akunjalo? Noma wake wambona umuntu ehlushwa ukuminyana? Lokhu kuyinto eyesabekayo kakhulu futhi eyingozi ngempela. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokho kuminyana, noma igama lezokwelapha elithi `(Asphyxiation)`. Uma sikuqonda kahle lokhu, singasindisa ngisho nokuphila.

Kuyini `(Asphyxiation)`? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, `(Asphyxiation)` kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele. Lokhu kunomthelela omkhulu enkambisweni yokuphefumula. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ekungazini. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka. Abanye bakubiza ngokuthi `(asphyxia)`, abanye bakubiza ngokuthi `(ukuphelelwa umoya)`. Konke kusho into efanayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-`(Asphyxiation)`?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphelelwa umoya. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko.

`(Ukungafihlisi komshini)` - Ukungafihlisi komshini

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ungakwazi ukuphefumula ngenxa yento ebonakalayo noma ukuma komzimba. Cabanga ngakho njengomuntu okuklinyayo, noma ingane encane inamathela ithoyizi emphinjeni wayo, njll. Ngezinye izikhathi uma sibeka indawo yethu endaweni engalungile, isibonelo, ingane encane iyaphenduka futhi ayikwazi ukuphenduka bese inamathela ikhala nomlomo wayo emcamelweni, lokho nakho kuwela kulesi sigaba.

Ukuphelelwa umoya okubuhlungu - ukuminyana okubangelwa ingozi

Lokhu futhi kuyingxenye ye-"mechanical asphyxia". Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi isifuba sakho, okungukuthi, "umgodi wesifuba" ozungezwe yizimbambo, imisipha, izicubu, kanye nesikhumba, siyacinywa ngenxa yamandla amakhulu (''ukuhlukunyezwa'') avela ngaphandle. Cabanga ukuthi isifuba sakho sicindezelwe kanzima engozini enkulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, igazi elivela enhliziyweni lisunduzelwa emuva ngemithambo liye entanyeni nasebuchosheni.

Ukuphelelwa umoya ngesikhathi sokubeletha

Lokhu kuyinto ehlobene nezingane zethu ezincane. Lesi simo senzeka lapho ingane ingatholi inani elidingekayo lomoya-mpilo ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa, ngesikhathi, noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele kakhulu.

`(Ukuphelelwa umoya okucindezelekile)` - ukuminyana ngenxa yokucindezelwa

Lokhu futhi uhlobo "lokuphelelwa umoya ngomshini". Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amandla amakhulu angaphandle ecindezela isifuba noma isisu sakho. Isibonelo, uma ucindezelwe endaweni enabantu abaningi (cabanga ngekhonsathi), noma uma othile ehlala esifubeni sakho noma eguqa esifubeni sakho.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Asphyxiation"?

Lokhu empeleni kuvame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Isibonelo, e-United States kuphela, cishe abantu abayi-19,000 bafa ngenxa yokuminyana ngo-2016.

Futhi, kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2019, ukuminyana kwaba yimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa ngengozi ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala. Ngakho-ke, abazali abanezingane ezincane kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu.

I-Asphyxia ithinta kanjani umzimba wami?

Lesi simo (i-Asphyxia) singathinta umzimba wakho ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Ukuvinjelwa kwezinto zangaphandle

Ake sithi kukhona okuvimba indlela yakho yokuphefumula. Bese umzimba wakho uqoqa i-carbon dioxide. Lokhu sikubiza nangokuthi i-hypercapnia. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umoya-mpilo awufinyeleli ezicutshini zomzimba (i-hypoxia).

Bese umzimba uzama ukuphefumula futhi. Kungaba yinto eyesabekayo ukubona. Ungase ubone izinto ezifana namehlo ekhula, isikhumba sishintsha umbala, izandla zibamba intamo yakho, futhi zikhwehlela kancane.

Umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo kukhuphuka ngokuzumayo. I-pH yakho yegazi iyehla. Umzimba wakho ukhipha ama-hormone abizwa ngokuthi ama-catecholamines. Lawa ma-catecholamines ama-hormone abalulekile 'empendulweni yokulwa noma yokubaleka' yomzimba.

Ekugcineni, umfutho wegazi wakho uyehla futhi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuyehla.

Uma ukuvaleka kungasuswa kulesi sigaba, noma uma othile engakuphathi ngokushesha, inhliziyo ingayeka (ukuma kwenhliziyo) kungakapheli imizuzu emine kuya kwemihlanu. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.

Ukuminza

Cishe ku-10% wabantu abacwila emanzini, izintambo zakho zezwi ziyayeka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo lapho amanzi engena emphinjeni wakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-laryngospasm." Bese uyafa ngenxa "yokuphelelwa umoya," yize kungekho manzi emaphashini akho.

Kwezinye izimo ezingama-90%, imisipha esesikhaleni esiphakathi kwezintambo zakho zezwi (i-'glottis') iyaphumula, okwenza amaphaphu akho agcwale amanzi.

Umzimba wakho umunca amanzi ahlanzekile ngokushesha. Amanzi ahlanzekile anciphisa i-'plasma' egazini lakho futhi abangele ukuthi 'amaseli abomvu egazi' aqhekeke ('hemolysis').

Amanzi anosawoti adonsa uketshezi oluvela ohlelweni lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi luye emaphashini akho, okunciphisa inani le-plasma egazini lakho.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphelelwa umoya?

Kunezimpawu eziningana ezibonakala kulesi simo esithi "Asphyxiation":

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya). Abanye abantu bazizwa sengathi bayacinana.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma okujulile (ukuphefumula ngokweqile).
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ukushoshozela noma ukushintsha kwezwi.
• Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma.
• Ukushintsha kombala wobuso noma wezindebe (kungaba bomvu, onsomi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ompunga).
• Ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukungakwazi ukugwinya.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
• Ukuchama noma ukuphuma endlini yangasese ngokungazi.
• Isiyezi.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-`(Asphyxia)`?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu kuphelelwa umoya. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo:

• I-Anaphylaxis: Lokhu kuyisimo esibi kakhulu sokungezwani komzimba. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukudla. Kungabangela nezimpawu ezinzima njengokuhlanza, ukuvuvukala kwezingalo nobuso (ikakhulukazi izindebe).
• Isifuba somoya:Lesi yisifo samaphaphu 'esingapheli'. Singenziwa sibe sibi kakhulu yizinto ezinjengokungcola komoya, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukushushuluza indle yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nomusi kagwayi.
• `(Ukufutha okungekuhle)` - Ukufutha okungekuhle: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukuphefumula kwakho kuvinjelwa ukuma komzimba wakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa noma ezinganeni ezincane ezingenawo amandla okuguqula imizimba yazo. Isibonelo, lokhu kungenzeka uma ingane ilele ibheke phansi futhi ikhala nomlomo wayo kunamathele kumatilasi futhi ingakwazi ukuphenduka.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya kwamakhemikhali: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ikhemikhali oyiphefumulayo isusa umoya-mpilo emaphashini akho bese iwagcwalisa ngomoya-mpilo. Umoya-mpilo awukwazi ukufinyelela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Amakhemikhali anjenge-carbon monoxide, i-cyanide, i-hydrogen sulfide, kanye namanye amakhemikhali atholakala emikhiqizweni yokuhlanza yasekhaya angabangela lokhu.
• Ukweqisa ama-opioid: Ama-opioid amakhemikhali asebenza namaseli ezinzwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu. Uma uwaphuza kakhulu, ukuphefumula kwakho kungancipha futhi ekugcineni kume.
• Ukuminza: Lokhu ukuminza okubangelwa ukucwiliswa oketshezini, ngokuvamile emanzini.
• Ukuvaleka/ukuvinjelwa kwezinto zangaphandle: Into yangaphandle ivimba umgudu womoya. Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukudla kungagwinywanga kahle, noma lapho ukuhlanza kubambeka emphinjeni ngemva kokuphuza utshwala obuningi (ubuthi botshwala).
• Ukuklinywa: Ukuvimba indlela yokuphefumula ngokusonga isandla, intambo, intambo, noma enye into entanyeni.

Ungayibona kanjani i-`(Asphyxiation)`?

Lokhu kuklinywa "kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha" esidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo . Uma useduze nengane encane noma umuntu omdala onenkinga yokuphefumula ngokuzumayo, mbuze ukuthi "uyaklinywa." Uma engakwazi ukuphendula, bheka lezi zimpawu:

• Ukubamba intamo (lesi yisibonakaliso esivamile esisetshenziswa ukusho ukuthi ubambekile).
• Ukukhwehlela kancane kancane nangokubuthakathaka.
• Ukwenza umsindo wokushaya ikhwela lapho uphefumula ('ukushaya umoya').
• Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Uma ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula, qaphela izinguquko ekuziphatheni kwayo. Isibonelo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhala okubuthakathaka, noma ukukhwehlela kancane kakhulu.

Kulungile yini ukuphuzisa umuntu ongakwazi ukuphefumula?

Cha, akukuhle nhlobo. Uma unika umuntu onenkinga yokuphefumula okuthile ukuba akuphuze, kungavimba kakhulu indlela yokuphefumula.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga `(Asphyxia)`?

Uma kukhona okubambeke endleleni yakho yokuphefumula, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise i-X-ray noma i-bronchoscopy ukuthola ukuvaleka nokukususa.

Iphathwa kanjani i-`(Asphyxia)`?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yokuphelelwa umoya. Izindlela zokwelapha zifaka:

• Ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo namaphaphu (CPR): Ukucindezela isifuba kusiza ukugcina ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile kuze kube yilapho inhliziyo iqala ukushaya futhi. Lolu usizo lokuqala olubaluleke kakhulu.
• I-Heimlich maneuver: Ukusunduza esiswini kusiza ekukhipheni izinto endleleni yomoya. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu uma into ethile, njengokudla, inamathele endleleni yomoya.
• Imithi: Kuye ngokuthi imbangela yokuphelelwa umoya ibangelwa yini, imithi ethile ingasetshenziswa. Isibonelo, i-inhaler ye-asthma, i-epinephrine (EpiPen®) ye-allergies, noma i-naloxone (Narcan®) ye-opioid overdose.
• Ukuvuselela kusuka emlonyeni kuya emlonyeni: Lokhu kusiza ekuvuseleleni ukuphefumula. Kungenziwa kubantu abaye baminza noma abanobunzima bokuphefumula ngemva kokuthatha ama-opioid amaningi kakhulu.
• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen: I-oxygen ithunyelwa emzimbeni ngepayipi lokuphefumula, imaski ye-oxygen, ipayipi lekhala, noma umoya-mpilo.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani `(Asphyxiation)`?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela lolu hlobo lokuminyana ukuqaphela . Uma othile endaweni yakini enenkinga yokuphefumula, shayela u-1990 (isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo yaseSri Lanka) ngokushesha.

• Uma udla, hlafuna ukudla kwakho kancane bese ukhuluma kuphela ngemva kokugwinya. Qapha izingane zakho eduze ngenkathi zidla. Zikhuthaze ukuthi zidle ngemibhobho emincane bese uzitshela ukuthi zingakhulumi zingakagwinyi ukudla kwazo.
• Uma une-allergies yokudla, phatha njalo i-EpiPen. Hlola ilebula yezithako kukho konke okudlayo.
• Uma ubhukuda emanzini, hamba nomunye umuntu okungenani oyedwa. Uma ungakwazi ukubhukuda, gqoka ijakhethi yokusindisa impilo.
• Uma usengozini yokuhlaselwa yi-asthma, hlala ugcina i-inhaler eduze.
• Faka izinto zokubona i-carbon monoxide ekhaya lakho. Yenza izinto zikagesi ezisebenzisa uphethiloli njengezinkuni noma igesi (isib. izitofu, izifudumezi zamanzi, izitofu) zihlolwe uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe kanye ngonyaka.

Kwenzekani uma kwenzeka i-`(Asphyxia)`?

Uma imbangela yokuphelelwa umoya ingelashwa ngokushesha, kululama kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukuminyana kungelashwa ngokushesha, kungaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside noma ehlala njalo, njengokushaywa unhlangothi, ukulimala kobuchopho, noma ukufa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uke waba nomuzwa onjengalona, ​​noma uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngawo, ungabuza udokotela wakho lezi zinto:

• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma umuntu engaphefumuli?
• Ingabe ngizoba nemiphumela yempilo yesikhathi eside noma ehlala njalo ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuphefumula?
• Ingabe nginokungezwani nokudla? Ingabe kufanele ngibone udokotela wezifo zokungezwani nokudla?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngizivikele kulesi simo `(sokuphelelwa umoya)` esikhathini esizayo?

Ekugcineni, kukhona okufanele ukukhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuminyana yisimo esesabekayo kakhulu lapho umoya-mpilo unqanyulwa khona emzimbeni. Uma wena noma othile ohamba naye ebonisa izimpawu zokuminyana, kungaba yinto eyesabekayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala uzolile ngangokunokwenzeka. Qaphela izimpawu zobunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma izandla zakho zibambe intamo yakho. Shayela u-911 ngokushesha bese ulandela imiyalelo yabo. Uma usheshe welaphe imbangela yokuminyana, kulapho amathuba akho okugwema izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside noma ezingapheli anda khona. Ukuqaphela kwakho kanye nesenzo sakho esisheshayo kungasiza ekusindiseni impilo!

` Ukuminza, umoya-mpilo, ukuphefumula, usizo lokuqala, isimo esiphuthumayo, ukuminza, ukuminza, ukuminza, i-carbon monoxide, i-CPR, i-Heimlich maneuver