Uke uzizwe sengathi kunzima ukuphefumula? Mhlawumbe unomuzwa oqinile esifubeni sakho, noma uzithola ukhwehlela njalo ebusuku? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu ze -Asthma . Kwa-Nirogi Lanka, sifuna ukukusiza uqonde ukuthi siyini i-asthma, ukuthi kungani yenzeka, nokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani ngempumelelo.
Kuyini i-Asthma?
Kalula nje, i-asthma yisimo esithinta imigudu yakho yomoya. Ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-bronchial asthma,' yisimo esingamahlalakhona . Lokhu kusho ukuthi sihlala isikhathi eside futhi sidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo, njengoba kungekho 'ukwelashwa' okusheshayo okusenza sinyamalale unomphela. I-asthma ivamile, ithinta kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Uma ingaphathwa kahle, ingaba yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela impilo , yingakho ukuqwashisa kwakho kanye nokuphatha kwakho okusebenzayo kubaluleke kangaka.
Kuyini Ukuhlaselwa Yisifuba?
Uma uphefumula ngendlela evamile, imisipha ezungeze izindlela zakho zokuphefumula ihlala ikhululekile, ivumela umoya ukuthi ungene futhi uphume kalula. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-asthma, kwenzeka izinguquko ezintathu ezibalulekile:
- I-Bronchospasm: Imisipha egoqa imigudu yakho yomoya iyaqina, inciphise isikhala futhi yenze kube nzima ukuthi umoya ushukume.
- Ukuvuvukala : Ulwelwesi lwendlela yakho yokuphefumula luyavuvukala, okunciphisa kakhulu inani lomoya ongafinyelela emaphashini akho.
- Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Mucus: Umzimba wakho ukhiqiza i-mucus eningi, evala imigudu yakho yomoya futhi ivimbele ukuhamba komoya.
Njengoba izindlela zakho zokuphefumula zincipha, ungase uzwe umsindo wokukhala komoya lapho ukhipha umoya. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ukuphefumula ngokuphefumula . Ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya—okubizwa nangokuthi 'ukukhuphula' noma 'ukuvutha'—kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi isifuba sakho somoya asilawuleki okwamanje.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-asthma?
Yebo, i-asthma ihlukaniswa ngokwembangela kanye nobukhali bezimpawu. Odokotela bavame ukuyihlukanisa kanje:
- I-Asthma Engapheli: Izimpawu ziyafika zidlule. Ungase uzizwe uphilile phakathi kokuqhuma kwesifo.
- I-Asthma Eqhubekayo: Uba nezimpawu njalo. Ubunzima bungasukela kobuncane kuya kobuphakathi noma obukhulu, okunqunywa udokotela wakho ngokuthi unezimpawu kangaki nokuthi ziphazamisa kangakanani impilo yakho yansuku zonke.
Izimbangela ze-asthma zingahluka kakhulu:
- I-Allergic Asthma: Ibangelwa ukungezwani nezinto ezifana nesikhunta, impova , noma i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo.
- I-asthma engabangelwa yi-allergy: Ibangelwa yizinto zangaphandle ezifana nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukucindezeleka , izifo, noma izinguquko zesimo sezulu.
I-asthma ingahlukaniswa futhi ngesigaba sokuphila noma indawo ezungezile:
- I-asthma eqala kubantu abadala: I-asthma eqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-18.
- I-Asthma Yezingane: Ibizwa nangokuthi 'i-asthma yobuntwana ,' lokhu kuvame ukuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-5. Nakuba ezinye izingane zikhula zingenaso, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nodokotela wezingane ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokusebenza, ugcine umshini wokufutha useduze, futhi wazi kahle ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezithile zifaka:
- I-Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca: Iyavutha ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-bronchospasm ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca.
- I-Occupational Asthma: Ibangelwa ukuchayeka ezintweni ezicasulayo endaweni yakho yokusebenza, njengasemafektri noma ezindaweni zezolimo.
- I-Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS): Lokhu kwenzeka uma une-asthma kanye ne -Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), zombili ezivimbela ukuphefumula kwakho.
Ubani ongathola i-Asthma?
I-asthma ingathinta noma ubani kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Kodwa-ke, labo abane-allergies ekhona kanye nabantu abachayeke ekubhemeni ugwayi basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi 'intuthu yomuntu obhemayo' (ukuphefumula intuthu evela kwabanye) kanye 'nentuthu yomuntu obhemayo' (insalela engutsheni nasefenisha). Ukuvikela izingane ekubhemeni ugwayi kubalulekile. Abesifazane nabo ngokwezibalo bathambekele kakhulu ekubhemeni ugwayi, futhi ukusabalala kungahluka ngokwezizwe.
Yini ebangela i-Asthma?
Nakuba abacwaningi besasebenza ukuze baqonde kahle ukuthi kungani abanye abantu beba ne-asthma kanti abanye bengaba nayo, kuye kwatholakala izici eziningana eziyingozi:
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Uma uhlushwa ukungezwani komzimba, ingozi yakho yokuba nesifo sofuba iphakeme kakhulu.
- Izici zemvelo: Abanye abantu baba ne-asthma ngemva kokuchayeka ezintweni ezicasula imigudu yomoya. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba, ubuthi, izinhlobo ezahlukene zentuthu, kanye nentuthu 'esetshenziswa ngomunye' noma 'esetshenziswa ngomunye' okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambilini. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane amasosha omzimba azo asakhula.
- Izakhi zofuzo: Uma noma ubani emndenini wakho ene-asthma noma izimo zokungezwani komzimba, nawe usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-asthma. Ngamafuphi, ingasebenza emindenini.
- Izifo zokuphefumula: Ezinye izifo zokuphefumula, njenge-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), zingalimaza amaphaphu akhulayo ezingane ezincane, okungaholela ekukhuleni kwe-asthma kamuva ekuphileni.
Yiziphi izinto ezivame ukubangela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma?
Ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma kungenzeka uma uhlangana nezinto ezicasula noma ezivusa imigudu yakho yokuphefumula. Odokotela babiza lezi ngokuthi 'izibangeli.' Uma usuqaphele ukuthi yini eyenza i-asthma yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu, kuba lula ukugwema ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka.
Kwabanye, ukuhlaselwa kungenzeka ngokushesha lapho bebhekene ne-trigger. Kwabanye, izimpawu zingase ziqale emahoreni noma ngisho nasezinsukwini kamuva.
Izimbangela zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa nansi ezinye ezivamile:
- Ukungcoliswa komoya: Izinto eziningi zangaphandle zingadala i-asthma embi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa intuthu yasefektri, ukukhishwa kwentuthu emotweni, kanye nentuthu evela emlilweni wasendle.
- Izibungu zothuli: Lezi yizidalwa ezincane kakhulu ezihlala emakhaya ethu. Uma une-allergy kuma-dust mite, zingabangela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Zivame kakhulu kuma-mattress amadala, imicamelo, kanye nama-carpet.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Kwabanye abantu, ukuvivinya umzimba kungabangela ukuhlaselwa.
- Isikhunta: Isikhunta sikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi. Uma une-asthma, isikhunta singadala izinkinga ezinkulu. Akudingeki ukuthi ube ne-allergy kusikhunta ukuze sibangele ukuhlaselwa.
- Izinambuzane: Izinambuzane ezifana nama-cockroaches namagundane nazo zingaba nomthelela ekuhlaselweni yi-asthma.
- Izilwane Ezifuywayo: Izilwane ezifuywayo zakho zingaba yimbangela yokuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Uma une-allergy ku-'pet dander' (izingcezu ezincane zesikhumba ezikhishwa yizilwane), ukuziphefumula kungacasula izindlela zakho zokuphefumula.
- Intuthu kagwayi: Uma ubhema noma uma othile ekhaya lakho ebhema, ingozi yakho ye-asthma iyanda. Ungalokothi ubheme ezindaweni ezivalekile njengezimoto noma ngaphakathi endlini. Inkambo engcono kakhulu yesenzo ukuyeka ukubhema; udokotela wakho angakunikeza isiqondiso sendlela yokufeza lokhu.
- Amakhemikhali noma amaphunga anamandla: Amakha athile, izinto zokuhlanza, kanye namaphunga anamandla kungenza izimpawu ze-asthma zibe zimbi kakhulu kwabanye abantu.
- Ukuchayeka okuthile emsebenzini: Ungase uchayeke ezintweni ezahlukahlukene emsebenzini wakho. Imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, uthuli lwefulawa, uthuli lwezinkuni, noma amanye amakhemikhali yizibonelo. Uma une-asthma, konke lokhu kungasebenza njengezimbangela.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-asthma?
Abantu abane-asthma bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezicacile, eziningi zazo ezifana nezifo zokuphefumula:
- Ukuzwa ukuqina kwesifuba, ubuhlungu, noma ingcindezi.
- Ukukhwehlela (ikakhulukazi ebusuku).
- Ukuphelelwa umoya.
- Ukuphefumula (umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela ngenkathi uphefumula).
Uma une-asthma, ungase ungabi nazo zonke izimpawu ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa ngakunye. Abantu abane-asthma engapheli bangabonisa izimpawu ezahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene, futhi ngisho nezimpawu ngokwazo zingahluka phakathi nokuhlaselwa.
Odokotela bahlonza kanjani i-asthma?
Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa nolwazi ngabazali bakho kanye nezingane zakini. Bazobuza nangezimpawu zakho ezithile, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba okukhona, i-eczema (isifo sesikhumba esibangela ukuqubuka ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba), noma ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene namaphaphu.
Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlolwa kwe-spirometry . Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi ungawuhambisa ngokushesha kangakanani umoya emaphashini akho. Kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-asthma nokuqapha intuthuko yakho ngokwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangase basikisele ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray yesifuba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, noma ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba nesikhumba.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-asthma?
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuphatha i-asthma yakho ngempumelelo. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokulawula izimpawu zakho, engafaka:
- Ama-Bronchodilator: Le mithi ikhulula imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yomoya, ivumela umoya ukuthi ugeleze kalula. Yenza kube lula futhi ukususa amafinyila emigudwini yomoya. Le mithi isetshenziselwa ukunikeza impumuzo esheshayo lapho kuvela izimpawu futhi isetshenziselwa kokubili i-asthma eqhubekayo kanye ne-chronic chronic.
- Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala: Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamafinyila emigudwini yakho yomoya, okwenza kube lula ukuthi umoya ungene futhi uphume emaphashini akho. Udokotela wakho angase akunike lokhu njengomuthi wokunakekela nsuku zonke ukulawula noma ukuvimbela izimpawu ezingamahlalakhona.
- Izindlela zokwelapha ze-biologic ze-asthma: Lezi zisetshenziselwa izimo ze-asthma ezinzima lapho izimpawu ziqhubeka khona naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile ze-inhaler.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthatha imithi yakho ye-asthma. Ungadinga i-inhaler yomthamo olinganiselwe, i-nebulizer, noma olunye uhlobo lwedivayisi ukuze uhogele imithi. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akunike nemithi yomlomo.
Kuyini Ukulawula Isifuba Somoya? by Nirogi Lanka
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwe-asthma ukulawula izimpawu. Uma sithi i-asthma yakho ilawulwa kahle, kusho ukuthi:
- Ungenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ekhaya nasemsebenzini ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
- Awunazo izimpawu eziningi noma awuzizwa nhlobo izimpawu ze-asthma.
- Akudingeki uthembele ku-inhaler yakho yokutakula.
- Uyakwazi ukulala kahle ngaphandle kwezimpawu ze-asthma ezikuvusayo.
Ukufeza le migomo kusho ukuthi i-asthma yakho iphathwa kahle, okukuvumela ukuthi uphile impilo evamile nesebenzayo.
Uziqapha kanjani izimpawu ze-asthma?
Ukugcina irekhodi lezimpawu zakho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphatha isimo sakho. Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi usebenzise i- Peak Flow Meter (PF) Meter . Le divayisi ilinganisa ukuthi ungakhipha umoya ngamandla kangakanani emaphashini akho. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukulungisa imithi yakho njengoba kudingeka futhi lukuxwayise uma izimpawu zakho seziqala ukuba zimbi kakhulu.
Uyini umbono womuntu one-asthma?
Ngisho noma unesifo se-asthma, usengaphila impilo ekhiqiza kakhulu futhi uhlanganyele kwezemidlalo nakweminye imisebenzi. Ungesabi. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuphatha izimpawu zakho, ukuhlonza izimbangela zakho ezithile, kanye nokudala amasu okuvimbela noma ukuphatha ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma ngempumelelo.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma?
Uma sekutholakale ukuthi unesifo, ukuhlonza izimbangela zakho ezithile kubalulekile. Ukugwema lezi zimbangela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa. Nakuba singenakukwazi ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-asthma uqobo, singazivimbela ngokuqinisekile izigameko ezibangelwa yiso.
Iyini Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwe-Asthma?
Udokotela wakho uzokwakha Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwe-Asthma oluqondene nawe. Lolu hlelo luchaza indlela yokusebenzisa imithi yakho nokuthi nini, indlela yokusabela ezimpawini ezithile, nokuthi nini lapho kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yohlelo lwakho ingacacile, sicela ucele udokotela wakho ukuthi akuchazele yona.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma enzima?
Uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma enzima, udinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iziguli zingase zibe nzima ukuphefumula kuze kube yilapho amazinga azo omoya-mpilo ehla khona ngendlela eyingozi.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho yokutakula . Lawa ma-inhaler aqukethe imithi esebenza ngokushesha evula ngokushesha imigudu yakho yomoya. Lokhu kuhlukile ku-inhaler yakho yokunakekela yansuku zonke. Uma ukuhlaselwa kukubi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi usebenzise lokhu kaningi ngokwecebo lakho.
Uma i-inhaler yakho yokutakula ingakusizi, noma ungenayo, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha uma ubona lezi zimpawu:
- Ukukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukwesaba.
- Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinzipho zakho noma ezindebeni (noma ompunga/omhlophe ukuze uthole imibala yesikhumba emnyama).
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukucindezeleka okukhulu.
- Ukukhwehlela okungalawuleki noma ukuphefumula kanzima.
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma ngemisho ephelele.
- Ubuso obuphaphathekile, obujulukile.
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo, okukhandlekayo.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-asthma?
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi une-asthma noma esinye isimo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela. Ezinye izimo zokuphefumula zingalingisa izimpawu ze-asthma njengokuphelelwa umoya kanye nokukhwehlela. Sicela ugweme ukuzihlola futhi uthembele ekuhlolweni kochwepheshe bezokwelapha.
Ingabe i-asthma ingelapheka?
Cha, okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-asthma. Kodwa-ke, kulula kakhulu ukuyiphatha. Kwezinye izimo, izingane zingase zikhule zidlule i-asthma njengoba zikhula.
Kungani i-asthma yami iba yimbi kakhulu ebusuku?
I-asthma eba yimbi ebusuku ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Nocturnal Asthma . Nakuba imbangela yezokwelapha ingacaci ngaso sonke isikhathi, kunezici eziningana ezibangela lokhu.
- Indawo Yakho Yokulala: Ukulala phansi ngomhlane wakho kungabangela ukuthi amafinyila ahlangane emphinjeni wakho noma kubangele i-acid reflux, okungase kube kubi kakhulu i-asthma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulala phansi kubeka ingcindezi esifubeni nasemaphashini akho, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulala ngesisu noma ngohlangothi lwakho ngezinye izikhathi kungacindezela amaphaphu akho.
- Izinto Ezibangela Izinkinga Zokulala Nokuhlwa: Imibhede yakho, imicamelo, kanye nama-pillowcases kungase kube nezibungu zothuli, isikhunta, noma i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo. Uma ubungaphandle kusihlwa, kungenzeka ukuthi ulethe impova ngaphakathi ngengozi.
- Imiphumela Engemihle Yemithi: Eminye imithi ye-asthma, njengeminye imithi ye-steroid kanye ne-montelukast, ingaphazamisa ngezikhathi ezithile amaphethini akho okulala.
- Izinga Lokushisa Lomoya: Ukuphefumula umoya oshisayo kakhulu kungabangela ukuthi izindlela zakho zokuphefumula zibe zincane, kanti umoya obandayo usebenza njengesisusa esibalulekile se-asthma kubantu abaningi.
- Izinguquko Zomsebenzi Wemvelo Wamaphaphu: Kuyinqubo evamile yomzimba ukuthi umsebenzi wamaphaphu wehle kancane ngokwemvelo ebusuku.
- Ukulawulwa Okubi Kwesifuba Somoya Emini: Uma isifuba sakho somoya singaphathwa kahle emini, izimpawu cishe zizoqhubeka noma zibe zimbi ebusuku. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isifuba sakho somoya silawulwa kahle kokubili emini nasebusuku. Ukwelapha izimpawu zasebusuku kubalulekile; ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwesifuba somoya—okungaba yingozi empilweni—kuvame ukwenzeka ebusuku.
Yini okufanele ngiyazi nge-COVID-19 kanye ne-asthma?
Uma une-asthma ephakathi kuya kwembi kakhulu noma uma izimpawu zakho zingalawulwa kahle, usengozini enkulu yokudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela uma uthola i-COVID-19. Ngakho-ke, sicela ugqoke imaski ezindaweni zomphakathi ezingaphakathi, uhlale unolwazi ngemigomo yakho, futhi ugcine ibanga kubantu abagulayo.
Abantu abaningi abane-asthma baphila impilo eyanelisayo nesebenzayo—abanye baze babe abadlali abangochwepheshe abaphezulu. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha isimo sakho. Sicela ube nengxoxo evulekile nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nendlela yokulawula izimpawu zakho ngempumelelo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
Sixoxe kabanzi mayelana ne-asthma namuhla. Khumbula, ngokuphathwa kahle, i-asthma akufanele ikuvimbele ukuba uphile impilo evamile nenempilo.
- Thola izinto ezikubangelayo bese uzigwema ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Sebenzisa imithi yakho oyinikezwe ngudokotela njengoba nje uyalelwe. Hlala ugcina i-inhaler yakho yokutakula nawe.
- Landela Uhlelo lwakho Lokusebenza Nge-Asthma. Qiniseka ukuthi wena nomndeni wakho niyaqonda ukuthi yini okufanele niyenze ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo.
- Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi ebusuku, xoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Hlala kude nentuthu. Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yakini ayinantuthu.
- Uma kwenzeka ungabaza, funa usizo lochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma ubhekene nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, shayela u-911 noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni yakho ngokushesha.
Ukuphila ne-asthma kungaba yinselele, kodwa awuwedwa. Ngesiqondiso sochwepheshe kanye nokuzibophezela kwakho empilweni yakho, iNirogi Lanka ilapha ukuzokusekela ekugcineni impilo ekhululekile nenempilo.
