Ingabe nawe unesifo sofuba? Singafunda kabanzi ngesifo sofuba?

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi unenkinga yokuphefumula? Isifuba sakho sizwakala siqinile, noma uvame ukukhwehlela ebusuku? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu ze- asthma . Namuhla, ake sixoxe nge -asthma ngamagama alula, ukuthi iyini ngempela, ikhula kanjani, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngayo.

Kuyini i-asthma?

Kalula nje, i-asthma yisimo esithinta amaphaphu akho. Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi 'i-bronchial asthma'. Yisifo esingamahlalakhona . Lokho kusho ukuthi asibi ngcono ngokuzumayo, yisimo esiqhubekayo futhi esidinga ukwelashwa. Baningi abantu abane-asthma eSri Lanka, okuhlanganisa nezingane ezincane. Uma ingelashwa kahle, i-asthma ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yingozi empilweni , ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Kuyini ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma?

Uma uphefumula ngendlela evamile, imisipha ezungeze izindlela zakho zokuphefumula iyakhululeka. Lokhu kuvumela umoya ukuthi ungene futhi uphume kalula. Kodwa uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma, izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko zingenzeka:

• I-Bronchospasm: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yomoya iqina. Uma iqina, imigudu yomoya iyancipha, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi umoya ungene futhi uphume.
• Ukuvuvukala : Ulwelwesi lwendlela yokuphefumula luyavuvukala. Lokhu kuvuvukala kunciphisa inani lomoya ongangena futhi uphume emaphashini.
• Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Mucus: Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza i-mucus eyengeziwe. Le-mucus ejiyile iyabhajwa emigudwini yakho yomoya, iyivimbele.

Uma imigudu yomoya iqinile kangaka, wenza umsindo 'wokushaya ikhwela' uma uphefumula, abanye bathi umsindo 'wokushaya ikhwela'. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi ' ukuphefumula ngomsindo ' . Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma kubizwa nangokuthi 'ukukhuphula' noma 'ukuvutha'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-asthma yakho iya iba yimbi kakhulu.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-asthma?

Yebo, i-asthma ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe embangela kanye nokuthi izimpawu zimbi kangakanani. Odokotela baxilonga i-asthma kanje:

• I-asthma engapheli : Lolu hlobo lwe-asthma luyafika ludlule. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaba ngcono phakathi nezikhathi ze-asthma enzima.
• I-asthma eqhubekayo: Kulesi simo, unezimpawu ezingaguquki. Lezi zimpawu zingaba zincane, ziphakathi nendawo, noma zibe zimbi kakhulu. Odokotela banquma ubukhulu be-asthma yakho ngokubheka ukuthi unezimpawu kangaki nokuthi ungasebenza kahle kangakanani ngemva kokuhlaselwa.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani i-asthma ikhula:

• I-Allergic Asthma: Abanye abantu bangaba nokuhlaselwa yi-asthma ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba . Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nesikhunta, impova , i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nezibungu zothuli zingase zibangele lokhu.
• Isifuba somoya esingesona esokungezwani komzimba: Isifuba somoya singaba sibi kakhulu ngenxa yezinto zangaphandle. Izinto ezifana nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukucindezeleka , izifo ezithile, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu konke kungenza isifuba somoya sibe sibi kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-asthma ingahlukaniswa kanje:

• I-asthma eqala kubantu abadala : Lolu hlobo lwe-asthma luqala ngemva kweminyaka engu-18.
• I-Asthma Yabantwana: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'I-Childhood Asthma '. Ngokuvamile iqala ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-5. Ngezinye izikhathi ingathinta izinsana nezingane ezincane. Khumbula ukuthi ezinye izingane ziyakhula zidlule i-asthma yazo njengoba zikhula. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho ine-asthma, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezifana nokuthi kufanele yini igcine i -inhaler nayo nokuthi yenzeni uma ihlaselwa. Udokotela wakho angakuchazela izingozi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo ze-asthma ezifana nalezi:

• Isifuba somoya esibangelwa ukuzivocavoca: Lokhu kubhebhethekiswa ukuzivocavoca. Kubizwa nangokuthi "i-Bronchospasm ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca".
• Isifuba Somoya Esisebenza:Lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abachayeka ezintweni ezicasulayo endaweni yabo yokusebenza. Isibonelo, abantu abasebenza kwezinye izimboni noma ezindaweni zokusebenza zezolimo bangase babe sengozini.
• I-Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS): Lokhu kwenzeka uma une-asthma kanye nesifo esingamahlalakhona sokuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu (COPD). Zombili lezi zimo zibangela ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Ubani ongaba nesifo sofuba?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani angaba ne-asthma nganoma yimuphi ubudala. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-allergies kanye nalabo abachayeke ekubhemeni ugwayi basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-asthma. Lokhu kufaka phakathi 'intuthu yomuntu obhemayo' (`(Intuthu yomuntu obhemayo)`), okuwukuphefumula intuthu lapho omunye umuntu ebhema, kanye '(Intuthu yomuntu obhemayo)`), okuwukuchayeka ekubhemeni ezingutsheni nasefenisha endaweni lapho ukubhema kuye kwenzeka khona. Ukubhema kubi kakhulu ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona izingane ezincane. I-asthma ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Futhi, kunomehluko ekusabalaleni kwayo phakathi kwamanye amaqembu ezinhlanga.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-asthma?

Abacwaningi abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani abanye abantu beba ne-asthma kanti abanye bengaba nayo, kodwa bathole ukuthi izici ezithile zandisa ingozi:

• Ukungezwani komzimba: Uma une-allergies, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-asthma.
• Izici zemvelo: Abanye abantu baba ne-asthma ngemva kokuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi endleleni yokuphefumula. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba, ubuthi, intuthu, kanye, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, intuthu esetshenziswa ngomunye umuntu noma eyethu. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane kanye nezingane ezincane amasosha omzimba azo angakakhuli ngokugcwele.
• Ufuzo: Uma othile emndenini wakho ene-asthma noma i-allergies, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-asthma. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingazuzwa njengefa.
• Izifo zokuphefumula: Ezinye izifo zokuphefumula, njengegciwane lokuphefumula elihambisana nokuxhumana (RSV), zingalimaza amaphaphu akhula ezinganeni ezincane, okungaholela esifweni sesifuba kamuva ekuphileni.

Yiziphi izinto ezivame ukubangela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma?

Ungahlaselwa yi-asthma uma uhlangana nezinto eziyingozi kuwe, okungukuthi, izinto ezikucasulayo. Odokotela babiza lezi ngokuthi 'izibangeli'. Uma wazi ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezenza i-asthma yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu, kulula ukugwema ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma.

Kwabanye abantu, ukuhlaselwa kungenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuchayeka kulesi 'sisusa'. Kwabanye, ukuhlaselwa kungase kuqale ngesikhathi esihlukile, amahora noma izinsuku kamuva.

Lezi 'zibangela' zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa ezinye 'zezibangela' ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukungcoliswa komoya: Izinto eziningi zangaphandle zingenza i-asthma ibe yimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi intuthu evela ezimbonini, ukukhishwa kwentuthu ezimotweni, kanye nentuthu evela emlilweni wamahlathi.
• Izibungu zothuli: Nakuba singenakuzibona lezi zidalwa, zikhona emakhaya ethu. Uma une-allergy kuzibungu zothuli, zingabangela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Zivame kakhulu kumatrasi amadala, imicamelo, kanye namakhaphethi.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Abanye abantu bangahlaselwa ukuzivocavoca.
• Isikhunta: Isikhunta sikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi. Uma une-asthma, lesi sikhunta singadala izinkinga. Akudingeki ube ne-allergy yesikhunta ukuze uhlaselwe.
• Izinambuzane: Izinambuzane ezisekhaya, njengezimpungushe namagundane, nazo zingabangela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.
• Izilwane ezifuywayo: Izilwane ezifuywayo zakho nazo zingase zibangele ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Uma une-allergy ezinhlayiyeni ezincane (`(I-pet dander)`) ezikhishwa yizilwane ezifuywayo, ukuziphefumula kungacasula izindlela zakho zokuphefumula.
• Intuthu kagwayi: Uma wena noma othile ekhaya lakho ebhema, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-asthma. Ungalokothi ubheme ezindaweni ezivalekile, njengangaphakathi emotweni yakho noma ekhaya. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuyeka ukubhema. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ngalokhu.
• Amakhemikhali noma amaphunga anamandla: Ezinye izinto ezifana nama-perfume nemikhiqizo yokuhlanza zingadala i-asthma kwabanye abantu.
• Ukuchayeka okuthile emsebenzini: Ungase uchayeke ezintweni ezahlukene emsebenzini. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, uthuli, uthuli lwezinkuni, noma amanye amakhemikhali. Konke lokhu kungaba yizimbangela uma une-asthma.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-asthma?

Abantu abane-asthma bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezicacile. Lezi zimpawu zifana kakhulu nezezifo zokuphefumula:

• Ukuzwa ukuqina, ubuhlungu, noma ingcindezi esifubeni.
• Ukukhwehlela (ikakhulukazi ebusuku).
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ukuphefumula (ukwenza umsindo we-'ree ree' uma uphefumula).

Uma une-asthma, ungase ungabi nazo zonke lezi zimpawu ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa ngakunye. Umuntu one-asthma engapheli angaba nezimpawu ezahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Futhi, izimpawu zingashintsha ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-asthma.

Odokotela bahlonza kanjani i-asthma?

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Lokhu kuzofaka ulwazi ngabazali bakho kanye nezingane zakini. Uzobuza nangezimpawu zakho. Udokotela uzofuna nokwazi nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba, i-eczema (isifo sesikhumba esinama-blister abangelwa ukungezwani komzimba), kanye nezinye izifo zamaphaphu.

Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwe-spirometry . Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi umoya uhamba ngokushesha kangakanani emaphashini akho. Kusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-asthma nokuqapha intuthuko yakho ngokwelashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase ucelwe ukuba wenze i -X-ray yesifuba , ukuhlolwa kwegazi, noma ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-asthma?

Unezinketho ezahlukene zokuphatha i-asthma yakho. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokulawula izimpawu zakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-Bronchodilator: Le mithi isebenza ngokukhulula imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yomoya . Uma imisipha iphumula, umoya ungahamba kalula emigudwini yakho yomoya . Kwenza kube lula futhi ukuthi amafinyila ahambe emigudwini yakho yomoya . Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu lapho zivela. Isetshenziselwa kokubili i-asthma eqhubekayo kanye ne-chronic chronic.
• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala: Le mithi inciphisa ukuvuvukala nokukhiqizwa kwamafinyila emigudwini yakho yomoya . Yenza kube lula ukuthi umoya ungene futhi uphume emaphashini akho. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza lokhu nsuku zonke ukulawula noma ukuvimbela izimpawu ze-asthma engapheli.
• Izindlela zokwelapha ze-biologic ze-asthma: Lezi zisetshenziselwa i-asthma enzima, njengalapho izimpawu ziqhubeka naphezu kokwelashwa nge-inhaler.

Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuthatha imithi yakho ye-asthma. Ungaphefumula imithi yakho usebenzisa i-inhaler yomthamo olinganiselwe, i-nebulizer, noma olunye uhlobo lwe-inhaler ye-asthma. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akunike imithi yomlomo.

Kuyini Ukulawulwa Kwe-Asthma?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwe-asthma ukulawula izimpawu. Ukulawulwa kwe-asthma kusho ukuthi izinto ezilandelayo ziyenzeka:

• Ukukwazi ukwenza izinto ofuna ukuzenza ekhaya nasemsebenzini.
• Ukungabikho (noma okuncane kakhulu) kwezimpawu ze-asthma.
• Akudingeki njalo ukuthi usebenzise i-rescue inhaler yakho.
• Ukukwazi ukulala ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka yi-asthma.

Uma ungafika kuleli qophelo, kusho ukuthi i-asthma yakho ilawulwa kahle. Khona-ke ungaphila impilo evamile.

Ungaziqapha kanjani izimpawu ze-asthma?

Kubalulekile ukugcina irekhodi lezimpawu zakho ze-asthma. Kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphatha isimo sakho. Udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi usebenzise imitha ethi 'Peak Flow' (PF) . Le divayisi ilinganisa ukuthi ungakhipha umoya ngokushesha kangakanani emaphashini akho. Ingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi enze izinguquko emithini yakho. Ingakusiza futhi ukuthi ubone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi yini.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-asthma?

Ngisho noma une-asthma, usengaphila impilo ekhiqizayo kakhulu futhi uhlanganyele kwezemidlalo nakweminye imisebenzi. Ungakhathazeki. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uphathe izimpawu zakho, athole ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela zakho, futhi akusize uvimbele noma uphathe ukuhlaselwa.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma?

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi une-asthma, udinga ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi 'izimbangela' zakho ezingabangela ukuhlaselwa. Ukugwema lezo 'zimbangela' kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa. Kodwa asikwazi ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma.

Iyini Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwe-Asthma?

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukudala uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-asthma. Lolu hlelo lukutshela ukuthi ungayithatha kanjani imithi yakho nokuthi uyithathe nini. Lukutshela nokuthi wenzeni uma kuvela izimpawu zakho ze-asthma, nokuthi kufanele ufune nini ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Cela udokotela wakho ukuthi akuchazele noma yini ongayiqondi.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma enzima?

Uma uhlaselwe yi-asthma enzima, udinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Cabanga nje, abanye abantu bangaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi babe nenkinga yokuphefumula. Kungaba kubi kangako.

Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukusebenzisa i-rescue inhaler yakho.Sebenzisa. Le 'inhaler yokusindisa' iqukethe umuthi osebenza ngokushesha. Ivula imigudu yakho yokuphefumula. Lokhu kuhlukile 'ku-inhaler yokulungisa' oyisebenzisa nsuku zonke. Kufanele usebenzise 'inhaler yakho yokusindisa' uma izimpawu zakho zikukhathaza. Uma ukuhlaselwa kukubi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa kaningi.

Uma i-inhaler yakho yokutakula ingakusizi, noma ungenayo, hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu:

• Ukukhathazeka noma ukwethuka.
• Izinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo), noma izindebe ezimpunga noma ezimhlophe noma izinsini (kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama).
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi.
• Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo noma umsindo omkhulu wokuphefumula lapho uphefumula.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma.
• Ubuso obuphaphathekile, obujulukile.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo kakhulu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-asthma noma cha?

Ukuze uthole ukuthi une-asthma noma esinye isimo, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Kunezinye izifo zokuphefumula ezibangela ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, kanye nokuphefumula kanzima. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha kunokuzixilonga.

Ingabe i-asthma ingelapheka?

Cha. Isifuba somoya asikwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, singaphathwa kahle. Ezinye izingane ziyakhula zidlule isifo sazo somoya njengoba zikhula.

Kungani i-asthma yami iba yimbi ebusuku?

I-asthma eba yimbi ebusuku ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-nighttime asthma' noma 'i-nocturnal asthma'. Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa ezingacatshangelwa:

• Ulala kanjani:Ukulala ngomhlane wakho kungabangela ukuthi i-mucus ikhuphukele emphinjeni wakho, noma i-asidi evela esiswini sakho (`(i-acid reflux)`) ingabuya phezulu. Futhi, ukulala ngomhlane wakho kungafaka ingcindezi esifubeni nasemaphashini akho, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, ukulala ngobuso noma ngohlangothi lwakho kungabeka ingcindezi emaphashini akho.
• Izinto ezibangela ukulala ekamelweni kanye nezinto ezibangela ukusha ebusuku: Amashidi akho, ama-pillowcases, kanye nemicamelo kungase kube nezibungu zothuli, isikhunta, noma i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo. Uma ubungaphandle kusihlwa, kungenzeka ukuthi ulethe impova ngaphakathi.
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi: Eminye imithi ye-asthma, njenge-steroids kanye ne-montelukast, ingathinta ukulala kwakho.
• Umoya oshisayo kakhulu noma obandayo kakhulu: Ukuphefumula umoya oshisayo kunganciphisa imigudu yokuphefumula. Umoya obandayo uyisisusa se-asthma kwabanye abantu.
• Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwamaphaphu: Njengenqubo yemvelo, ukusebenza kwamaphaphu kwehla kancane ebusuku.
• I-asthma engalawulwa kahle emini: Izimpawu ezingalawulwa emini ngeke zithuthuke ebusuku. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokulawula izimpawu zakho ze-asthma emini nasebusuku. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha izimpawu zakho zasebusuku. Ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma okukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi okubulalayo, kungenzeka ebusuku.

Yini okudingeka ngiyazi nge-COVID-19 kanye ne-asthma?

Uma une-asthma ephakathi kuya kwenzima, noma uma izimpawu zakho ze-asthma zingalawulwa kahle, usengozini enkulu yokulaliswa esibhedlela uma uthola i-COVID-19. Ngakho-ke, gqoka imaski uma uya ezindaweni zangaphakathi nabanye abantu, ugonywe, futhi uhlale kude nabantu abanaleli gciwane.

Abantu abaningi abane-asthma baphila impilo eyanelisayo. Abanye abadlali abangochwepheshe abane-asthma baze baqopha umlando kwezemidlalo zabo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha i-asthma yakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokulawula izimpawu zakho.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu nge-asthma, akunjalo? Khumbula, i-asthma yisifo, uma siphathwa kahle, esingaphazamisi ikhono lakho lokuphila impilo evamile.

• Thola izinto ezibangela i-asthma yakho bese uzigwema ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Sebenzisa imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngesikhathi esifanele nangesikhathi esifanele. Ikakhulukazi, hlala uphethe i-inhaler yakho yokutakula.
• Yazi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-Asthma. Yazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze esimweni esiphuthumayo.
• Uma i-asthma yakho iba yimbi ebusuku, khuluma nodokotela wakho nangalokho.
• Hlala kude nezindawo lapho abantu bebhema khona. Uma kukhona umuntu ekhaya lakho obhemayo, mtshele ngakho futhi.
• Noma nini lapho unemibuzo, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela.

Ukuphila ne-asthma kungaba yinselele, kodwa awuwedwa. Ngeseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha kanye nokuzibophezela kwakho, nawe ungaphila impilo ekhululekile.