Ingabe umsebenzi wakho ukubangela i-asthma? (I-Occupational Asthma) Masiqaphele lokhu!

Ingabe ngokuzumayo uthola kunzima ukuphefumula emsebenzini? Noma uhlala ukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, noma uphefumula kanzima? Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ungaqapheli nokuthi lezi zinto zihlobene nomsebenzi wakho. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, i-asthma ehlobene nomsebenzi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi (i-Occupational Asthma).

Kuyini i-Occupational Asthma?

Kalula nje, i-occupational asthma uhlobo lwe-asthma lapho izinto endaweni yakho yokusebenza – njengothuli, amakhemikhali, noma isikhunta – zingena khona emigudwini yakho yomoya, okubangela ukuvuvukala nokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ube nokuhlaselwa yi-asthma, okuyiziqephu zobunzima bokuphefumula.

Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingavela ngokushesha ngemva kokuphefumula lezi zinto. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi izimpawu zivele. Ngakho-ke, ungacabangi ukuthi, "Bengilokhu ngenza lo msebenzi isikhathi eside kangaka, akukho lutho olwenzekile kimi."

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezingubo ezihlobene nomsebenzi?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-asthma ezihlobene nomsebenzi:

1. (I-Occupational Asthma): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umuntu ongakaze abe nenkinga yokuphefumula, okungukuthi, isimo esifana ne-asthma, eba nezimpawu ezintsha ze-asthma ngenxa yokuphefumula izinto emsebenzini. Cabanga nje, umuntu ogama lakhe linguKamal uya emsebenzini esitolo esisha sokupenda. Akakaze abe nezinkinga zokuphefumula ngaphambili. Kodwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa eya emsebenzini, uqala ukuba nokuphefumula nokukhwehlela, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi esebenza. Lokhu kungaba (I-Occupational Asthma).

2. (I-asthma ekhuliswe kakhulu emsebenzini): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umuntu osevele ene-asthma eba mubi kakhulu ngezinto ezisemsebenzini wakhe (isibonelo, uthuli, intuthu). Lokhu kusho ukuthi angase abe nokuhlaselwa yi-asthma okuningi kunokujwayelekile, noma izimpawu zakhe zingase zivele kaningi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Occupational Asthma?

Izimpawu zifana kakhulu nezezinye izinhlobo ze-asthma. Okungukuthi:

• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukuphefumula - Lona umsindo wokushaya ikhwela ovela esifubeni lapho uphefumula.
• Ukuqina kwesifuba, ubuhlungu noma ingcindezi
• Ukukhwehlela – Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba ukukhwehlela okomile, noma kungaba ukukhwehlela okune-phlegm.

Uma lezi zimpawu zibonakala kakhulu phakathi nezinsuku zomsebenzi futhi zincipha ngesikhathi samaholide, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kube yi-occupational asthma.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-asthma emsebenzini?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukusabela komzimba wakho ezintweni ozithola emsebenzini. Uma uphefumula izinto ezithile, izindlela zakho zokuphefumula ziyavuvukala futhi zivaleke, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ngenxa yokucasuka:Ezinye izinto zicasula ngqo imigudu yomoya. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi i-Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS).

2. Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba: Yilapho amasosha omzimba wakho ecabanga ukuthi kukhona okulimaza umzimba wakho. Ngakho-ke azama ukukususa futhi abangele ukuvuvukala. Lolu hlobo lokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ngezinye izikhathi lungathatha isikhathi eside ukuba luvele.

Njengoba nje uba novalo lapho kufika umuntu ongamazi ekhaya lakho, amasosha omzimba nawo asebenza ukulwa nanoma yini eyingozi engena emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kuvela izinkinga lapho le nqubo idlula kakhulu.

Eqinisweni, uthuli luyimbangela enkulu yokucasuka kwamaphaphu kanye ne-asthma. Kutholakale izinto ezingaphezu kuka-300 ezingabangela noma zibhebhethekise i-asthma. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• I-dander yezilwane, uboya, izimpaphe
• Izinto zokwakha, isibonelo, ukuvikela ukushisa, ikhaphethi, igwebu
• Amakhemikhali - izinti, izembozo, udayi, amapulasitiki
• Upende, ama-varnish, izifutho (ze-polyurethane)
• I-Latex - izinto ezenziwe ngerabha
• Ufulawa wesinkwa, uthuli lwezinhlayiya
• Impuphu yokhuni

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi noma ngabe usebenzisa imaski yokuphefumula noma ezinye izinto zokuzivikela (i-PPE), usengaba ne-asthma yomsebenzi . Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu, ungazinaki.

Yimiphi imisebenzi enengozi enkulu yokuthola i-asthma emsebenzini?

Le ngozi ikhona kunoma ubani obhekene nezinto ezibangela ukucasuka kwamaphaphu kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ingozi iphakeme kancane kulabo abenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Izisebenzi zokubhaka, abalimi, izisebenzi zasemasakeni, izisebenzi zasefektri
• Abantu abasebenza emkhakheni wezempilo (isib. abahlengikazi, abasebenzi belebhu)
• Abantu abasebenza ezindaweni lapho kwenziwa khona imithi, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhishwa khona impuphu yemithi emoyeni
• Abantu abasebenza nezilwane (isib. odokotela bezilwane, abagcini bezilwane)
• Abantu abasebenza njalo ngemikhiqizo yokuhlanza
• Abantu abasebenza ngensimbi, ipulasitiki, kanye nokhuni (isib., ukubaza, ukukhiqiza ifenisha, ukusebenza ngensimbi)
• Abantu abasebenza ngopende bezimoto kanye nama-spray booth

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi i-asthma yami ibangelwa umsebenzi wami?

Wazi kanjani ukuthi i-asthma yakho ibangelwa umsebenzi wakho? Kulula kakhulu. Uma izimpawu zakho ziba ngcono uma uthatha ikhefu emsebenzini, uthatha iholidi, noma uhlala ekhaya impelasonto, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona okubangela lokhu emsebenzini.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu azipheli ngokushesha ngemva kokushiya indawo yokusebenza. Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukubona ukwehla kwezimpawu. Ngakho-ke ungapheli amandla ngoba nje azipheli ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-asthma emsebenzini?

Ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi empilweni, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Futhi, ukuqhubeka ubhekene nalezi zinto ezicasulayo kungalimaza amaphaphu, mhlawumbe kubangele amanxeba. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni unomphela kokusebenza kwamaphaphu.

I-Occupational Asthma ihlolwa kanjani?

Lokhu kuhlonzwa ngudokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba, udokotela ogxile ezifweni zokungezwani komzimba, noma udokotela wamaphaphu, udokotela ogxile ezifweni zokuphefumula. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi akubuze ngezimo zakho zezempilo nezomndeni wakho.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ukuthi umsebenzi wakho uyini. Ngaleyo ndlela, udokotela angathola ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu kuhlaselwa yi-asthma.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uye kudokotela wakho, kungaba usizo ukugcina incwadi yezimpawu zakho ukuthi zenzeka nini, zimbi kangakanani, nokuthi ziyakhululeka yini ngokwenza izinto ezithile. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi lesi yisimo esihlobene nomsebenzi noma okunye.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-asthma yomsebenzi?

Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuze abone ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kanjani futhi anqume ezinye izimo zezokwelapha:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokungezwani komzimba noma ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba: Lokhu kungathola ukuthi ukungezwani komzimba kubangela izimpawu zakho ze-asthma.
• I-Spirometry: Lokhu ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu okuvamile. Kukala ukuthi umoya uhamba kahle kangakanani emaphashini akho.
• I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan: Lokhu kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi akhiphe ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zakho.
• Isilinganiso sokugeleza kwegazi okuphezulu: Lena idivayisi encane engalinganisa ukuthi imigudu yakho yomoya ivalekile kangakanani ngezikhathi ezithile, njengalapho usebenza. Udokotela wakho angakunika lokhu ukuze ukuyise ekhaya futhi akucele ukuthi uthathe izilinganiso ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku bese uzibhala phansi.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-asthma yomsebenzi?

Abantu abaningi baphatha lokhu nge -inhaler yansuku zonke. Lezi zivame ukuqukatha inhlanganisela yomuthi onciphisa ukuvuvukala (ngokuvamile i-steroid) kanye nomuthi ovula imigudu yomoya (i-bronchodilator). Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-inhaler ngendlela efanele, nsuku zonke, njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshela. Udokotela wakho uphinde akucebise ukuthi ugweme izinto ezibangela i-asthma yakho ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase futhi anikeze imithi efana nalokhu:

• I-inhaler yokutakula: Kufanele ugcine i-inhaler ene-bronchodilator esebenza ngokushesha (isb., i-albuterol) ukuze uyisebenzise uma kwenzeka i-asthma yakho iba yimbi kakhulu.
• (I-Nebulizer) Eyodwa:Eminye imithi ingathathwa njengenkungu ngemaski egqokwa ebusweni kusetshenziswa umshini we-nebulizer, kunokuba ithathwe nge-inhaler.
• Ama-Leukotriene modifiers: Uhlobo lwephilisi elithathwa nsuku zonke. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu ze-asthma nokunciphisa inani lokuhlaselwa yi-asthma.
• (Ukwelashwa nge-biologic): Le mithi eyengeziwe ingadingeka kubantu abanezimpawu ezinzima abangazange basabele kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ingabe ikhona ikhambi eliphelele le-asthma yomsebenzi?

Njengezinye izinhlobo ze-asthma, ayikho ikhambi eliphelele le-asthma yomsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ingalawulwa kahle ngokugwema izinto ezibangela lesi sifo nokusebenzisa imithi enqunywe udokotela wakho.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngine-(Occupational Asthma)?

Uma une-asthma yomsebenzi, unganciphisa noma uqede ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma uma ungakwazi ukugwema izinto ezibangela i-asthma. Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngisho noma imithi ingasiza, uma uqhubeka nokuvezwa yizinto ezibangela i-asthma, izimpawu zingaqhubeka futhi kungavela umonakalo ongapheli emaphashini akho. Ngakho-ke, zama ukuziqhelelanisa nalezo zinto ezibangela i-asthma ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuze uzizwe ungcono uma uhlala kude nezinto ezikubangela i-asthma?

Ngemva kokushintsha imisebenzi, ungase uqale ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa ugweme izinto ezibangela i-asthma yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha isikhathi eside. Ungabuza udokotela wakho ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi uzizwe ungcono.

Ingabe i-Occupational Asthma ingavinjelwa?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukunciphisa le ngozi ukugwema ukuphefumula izinto ezicasulayo. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukucela ukushintshelwa kwesinye isikhundla emsebenzini wakho, noma ngisho nokushintsha imisebenzi ngokuphelele uma kungenzeka.

Kunezinye izindlela eziningana zokunciphisa ingozi yokwanda kwe-asthma:

• Gqoka imaski yokuphefumula: Uma ungakwazi ukugwema ngokuphelele izinto ezikucasulayo, kungasiza ukugqoka imaski evunyelwe ukuhlunga izinto osebenza ngazo.
• Sebenza ezindaweni ezinomoya omuhle kuphela: Ukuvula amafasitela neminyango kungasiza, kodwa kungase kunganeli. Uma usebenza ngezinto eziyingozi, qiniseka ukuthi kunesistimu yokukhipha umoya esebenza kahle.
• Sebenzisa izinto ezithatha indawo yezinto eziyingozi: Uma kungenzeka, umqashi wakho angasebenzisa izinto ezingacasuli kakhulu amaphaphu.
• Hlola amazinga okuphepha kanye nezempilo emsebenzini: Ungaxhumana nezinhlangano zokuphepha emsebenzini zezwe lakini (isib., uMnyango Wezabasebenzi eSri Lanka) ukuze uthole ukuthi indawo yakho yokusebenza inezindinganiso ezifanele yini.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-asthma ngenkathi usebenza, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.Bhala phansi izimpawu zakho, ukuthi zenzeka nini, nokuthi ziyathuthuka yini ngokwelashwa okuthile. Udokotela wakho angakuthumela kuchwepheshe.

Udokotela angakweluleka nangendlela yokukhuluma nomqashi wakho ngalokhu.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma uhlaselwe yi-asthma enzima, udinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukusebenzisa i-rescue inhaler yakho.

Uma i-inhaler yakho yokutakula ingakusizi, noma ungenayo, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze. Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yi-asthma okukhulu zifaka:

• Isikhumba siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izindebe, nezinzipho ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo) noma izindebe nezinsini ziphenduka zibe mpunga noma zibe mhlophe (kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama)
• Ngizizwa ngingakhululekile futhi ngikhathazekile.
• Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu
• Ukuphefumula kakhulu noma ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
• Kunzima ukukhuluma.
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha okukhulu

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uhlangana nodokotela, kuzokusiza ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi/idivayisi?
• Kufanele ngiyisebenzise nini i-inhaler yami yokutakula?
• Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?
• Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma?
• Ngingaqhubeka nokwenza lo msebenzi?
• Ingabe kukhona ingozi yokulimala kwamaphaphu ami?

Ekugcineni, kufanele uthi...

Uma uqaphela ukuthi indawo osebenza kuyo iyakugulisa, ungase uzizwe udabuke kakhulu futhi ukhungathekile. Imibuzo efana nokuthi, "Ngenzenjani manje? Ingabe kufanele ngiyeke umsebenzi wami?" ingase ifike engqondweni. Kodwa-ke, akudingeki ukuthi uyeke umsebenzi wakho njalo ukuze ululame kwi-asthma yomsebenzi. Kungase kube nezinye izindlela zokuvikela impilo yakho.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa, ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, nokufunda ngezindlela zokuphatha i-asthma yakho. Khuluma nomqashi wakho, futhi, futhi ucele usizo lokuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela wena nabanye ezintweni ezibangela i-asthma yakho. Lokhu kungafaka imishini yokuzivikela eyengeziwe noma ushintsho emsebenzini wakho. Lezi zinto zingase zibonakale ziyinkinga, kodwa ziyakufanelekela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuvikela impilo yakho. Awuwedwa, futhi kukhona odokotela nochwepheshe bezempilo abangakusiza endleleni.

I - Asthma, I-Asthma Yomsebenzi, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, Isifo Samaphaphu, Isifo Sokuphefumula, Ukungezwani Nomzimba, Impilo Yasemsebenzini