Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uthola izinto zingacacile, zingacacile, noma zinwebeka kancane? Ikakhulukazi uma ushayela ebusuku, ubona i-halo ezungeze izibani zemoto phambi kwakho? Ingabe uphathwa yikhanda ngemva kwesikhashana ufunda incwadi noma iphephandaba, ubukele i-TV, noma usebenza kukhompyutha? Ingabe amehlo akho azizwa ekhathele? Uma uke wabhekana nenye noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu, lesi sihloko sizoba sibaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Astigmatism', abantu abaningi abanaso, kodwa lapho bezwa igama, bayesaba njengesifo esibi, kodwa empeleni kulula kakhulu ukusilungisa.
Kuyini ngempela i-astigmatism?
Kalula nje, i-astigmatism yisimo lapho iso lakho, ikakhulukazi ingxenye ecacile engaphambili kweso lakho, i-cornea, ingeyona eyindilinga njengebhola. Sonke sinalesi simo ngezinga elithile.
Cabanga ngeso eliphilile eliyindilinga ngokuphelele, njengevolibholi. Bese ukukhanya okungena esweni kugoba ngendlela efanayo, ngokulinganayo, futhi kugxile endaweni efanayo ku-retina. Bese sibona konke ngokucacile.
Kodwa kwenzekani uma iso lakho libunjwe njengebhola le-rugby? Ukukhanya okungena esweni lakho kugobile ngakolunye uhlangothi nakolunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yento igxile, kanti enye ingxenye ayigxilile. Ngenxa yalokho, izinto zibukeka zifiphele futhi zinwebekile.
I-Astigmatism ivame ukwenzeka kanye ne-myopia noma i-nearsightness noma i-hyperopia noma i-dearviewing. Sibiza zonke lezi zimo ezintathu ngokuthi amaphutha okubuyisa amehlo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zontathu zihilela ushintsho endleleni ukukhanya okungena esweni okugobile ngayo (okubuyiselwe emuva).
Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuyinto udokotela wamehlo angayilungisa kalula ngezibuko, ama-contact lens, noma ukuhlinzwa.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-astigmatism?
Ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:
- Izinto zibonakala zifiphele noma ziphambene (isb., indilinga ibonakala iyindilinga)
- Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile
- Unenkinga yokubona ebusuku
Lezi zimpawu zikhula kancane kancane. Ngeke uqaphele umehluko omkhulu ngokushesha. Ikhanda livela emzamweni amehlo akho okufanele awusebenzise ukuze agxile ezintweni. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa nokuthi lesi simo sisebenza emindenini . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umama wakho, ubaba wakho, noma othile emndenini wakho enaso, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi usithole.
Yiziphi izimbangela zalesi simo?
Kwabaningi, lesi simo siyinto abazalwa nayo. Kodwa ochwepheshe abasazi kahle ukuthi siyimbangela yaso. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-astigmatism ingenzeka nangezinye izizathu.
- Ngemva kokulimala kweso
- Ngenxa yesimo samehlo
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwamehlo
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi i-astigmatism ibangelwe yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-keratoconus. Yilapho i-cornea yeso iba mncane futhi ibe yi-cone. Kulokhu, ama-contact lens ayadingeka ukuze kubonakale kahle.
Kodwa khumbula into eyodwa. Ukufunda izincwadi ekukhanyeni okufiphele noma ukubukela i-TV eduze kakhulu akubanga i-astigmatism. Lokho kumane kuyiphutha elingalungile emphakathini.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo ukuze akuhlole amehlo ngokuphelele. Udokotela uzokubuza ukuthi ufunde ishadi lamehlo ukuze abone ukuthi umbono wakho ubukhali kangakanani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene ukulinganisa lesi simo ngokunembile.
- UPhoropter: Uyakhumbula, umshini oshintsha amalensi ngalinye ngalinye bese ubuza, "Ingabe lokhu kucacile, ingabe kucacile?" Yileyo ndlela othola ngayo ilensi ekunikeza umbono ocacile.
- I-Keratometer: Lo mshini ulinganisa ukugoba kwe-cornea yakho. Lokhu kunikeza udokotela umbono omuhle ngesimo se-cornea kanye nekhono layo lokugxila ekukhanyeni.
- I-Autorefractor: Le divayisi ithumela ukukhanya esweni lakho futhi ilinganise ukuthi libuyela kanjani emuva. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono oqondile wokuthi yimaphi amalensi owadingayo.
- I-Corneal topographer: Lena yindlela enemininingwane kakhulu yokuthola ulwazi ngesimo se-cornea. Lokhu kudala imephu yombala we-3D ye-cornea yakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu uma uhlinzwa nge-laser (njenge-`LASIK`).
Singakuqonda yini ukuthi imithi yakho kadokotela iyasebenza?
Uma ubona izinhlamvu nezinombolo ku-prescription udokotela wakho akunika yona, ungase uzibuze ukuthi ziyini lezi. Ake sikuchaze kalula.
| Uphawu / Ingxenye | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-OD kanye ne-OS | I-OD imele iso lesokudla (Oculus Dexter), i-OS imele iso lesobunxele (Oculus Sinister), kanti i-OU imele womabili amehlo (Oculus Uterque). |
| Inombolo yokuqala (Eyisiyingi) | Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi unenkinga ngokubona ibanga noma eduze. Uma kukhona uphawu lwe-minus (-) phambi kwenombolo, ubona eduze. Uma kukhona uphawu lwe-plus (+), ubona kude. Uma inombolo iphakeme, kulapho umbono wakho uba lufifi khona. |
| Inombolo yesibili (I-Cylindrical) | Lokhu kungakanani ukucwasa okukhona. Uma leli nani liphezulu, kulapho ucwasa okukhona khona. |
| Inombolo yesithathu (i-Axis) | Lokhu kukutshela indawo lapho i-astigmatism ikhona khona ku-cornea yakho. |
Isibonelo, uma incwadi kadokotela ithi "OD -1.00 x -2.00 x 155", lokho kusho ukuthi iso lakho lokunene (OD) line-diopter eyodwa yokubona eduze kanye ne-diopter ezimbili ze-astigmatism, endaweni engama-degree angu-155.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Cishe zonke izimo ze-astigmatism zingalungiswa ngezibuko noma ama-contact lens. Kodwa-ke, uma une-astigmatism encane kakhulu futhi ungenazo ezinye izinkinga zokubona, ungase ungadingi izibuko.
Izibuko
Ama-contact lens aklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukufiphala okubangelwa ukuma okungajwayelekile kwe-cornea yakho. Asebenza kahle uma ubheka phambili. Kodwa-ke, uma une-astigmatism ephezulu, izinto ezifana nephansi nezindonga zingase zibonakale zinwebekile kancane lapho uzigqoka okokuqala. Ungakhathazeki ngalokho. Amehlo akho azojwayela phakathi nezinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa. Zama ukuwagqoka amahora ambalwa ekuseni bese ujwayela kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, uma umbono wakho ungathuthuki, bona udokotela wakho futhi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umuthi wakho ulungile.
Amalensi Okuxhumana
Amalensi okuxhumana nawo angalungisa lesi simo. Kodwa udinga uhlobo olukhethekile lwelensi eyenzelwe leyo njongo. Amalensi athambile asetshenziselwa i-astigmatism abizwa ngokuthi amalensi e-toric. Lawa aklanyelwe ukujikisa iso libuyele endaweni efanele ngisho noma lithambekile.
Uma i-astigmatism yakho inzima, amalensi okuxhumana aqinile angena ngegesi angcono kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa la malensi aqinile ekwelashweni okubizwa ngokuthi i-orthokeratology. Kulokhu, ugqoka la malensi ngenkathi ulele ebusuku. Amalensi alungisa okwesikhashana ukuma kwe-cornea yakho. Ungabona ngokucacile usuku lonke. Kodwa kufanele ugqoke la malensi njalo ukuze ugcine leso simo.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwamehlo Nge-Laser
Ukuhlinzwa nge-laser, njenge-'LASIK' noma i-'PRK', kushintsha unomphela ukuma kwe-cornea yakho ukuze kugxile ekukhanyeni kahle. Lokhu kungaveza imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ungabuza udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe ngalokhu.
Ingabe lesi simo siyenzeka nasezinganeni ezincane?
Yebo. Izingane eziningi zizalwa zine-astigmatism. Kodwa akukho okufanele kukhathazeke ngakho. Ngokuvamile ziyanyamalala zodwa lapho sezinonyaka owodwa ubudala.
Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma inkinga yokubona yengane ingelashwa, ingathinta ngqo umsebenzi wayo wesikole. Ingane encane ingase ingaqondi ukuthi inenkinga ngokubona kwayo. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kungathinta nomsebenzi wayo wesikole. Ngezinye izikhathi , ingase ibizwe ngokungeyikho ngokuthi 'ingane ekhubazekile ekufundeni'. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo engane. Kungcono ukuhlolwa kwamehlo lapho ingane isinezinyanga ezi-6 ubudala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Astigmatism akuyona isifo, kodwa isici sokubona esenzeka ngoba ukuma kwe-cornea yeso akusiyindilinga ngokuphelele.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okufiphele, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nobunzima bokubona ebusuku.
- Lesi simo sivame ukuzalwa futhi asibangelwa yimikhuba efana nokufunda ekukhanyeni okufiphele.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu kulokhu, njengezibuko, ama-contact lens, kanye nokuhlinzwa nge-laser.
- Uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho inenkinga yokubona, bonana nodokotela wamehlo oqeqeshiwe ngokushesha.
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