Kumelwe ukuba ukubonile ku-TV, lapho umuntu elahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo futhi ewa phansi, odokotela bangena ngokushesha, babeke umshini esifubeni bathi 'Sula!' bese beshaya ugesi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi okubonayo nje kusikrini umugqa omude oqondile. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'umugqa oqondile' noma i-asystole. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingathi sína kakhulu, esisongela impilo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kithi sonke ukuba sikuqaphele ngokugcwele lokhu.
Iyini ngempela i-asystole?
Kalula nje, i-asystole yilapho uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho luvaleka ngokuphelele futhi inhliziyo yakho iyeka ukushaya. Lolu uhlobo lokuma kwenhliziyo. Kuleli qophelo, inhliziyo iyeka ukupompa igazi emzimbeni ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo, ukuyeka ukuphefumula, noma ukuminyana. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okusheshayo, njenge-CPR, ukufa kungenzeka ngemizuzu embalwa.
Kungani lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'umugqa oqondile'?
Asikwazi ukubona lesi simo ngaphandle. Singatholakala ngokunembile kuphela ngokuhlolwa kwe-ECG (Electrocardiogram). Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona ukuthi ezibhedlela, izinzwa eziningana zinamathiselwe esifubeni ukuze ziqaphe ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Lezi zinzwa zibona umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo futhi ziwubonise njengephethini eligobile esikrinini.
Le ndlela yamagagasi yakhiwa uma kukhona umsebenzi kagesi enhliziyweni. Ku-asystole, akukho msebenzi kagesi enhliziyweni, ngakho esikhundleni samagagasi, kuvela umugqa oqondile, oyisicaba kuphela esikrinini. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi 'umugqa oyisicaba'.
Inhliziyo yethu isebenza kanjani ? Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-asystole?
Njalo uma inhliziyo yethu ishaya, kwenzeka ngezinyathelo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. I-Systole: Umfutho omncane kagesi owenzeka ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo ubangela ukuba imisipha yenhliziyo ifinyele ngamandla. Lokhu kufinyela yikona okupompa igazi lisuka enhliziyweni kuwo wonke umzimba.
2. I-Diastole: Ngemva kokushaya kanye, imisipha yenhliziyo iyaphumula. Yilapho amakamelo enhliziyo egcwala khona igazi futhi, elungele ipompo elandelayo.
Ku-asystole, ugesi obangela i-systole ulahleka ngokuphelele. Njengoba nje injini yamanzi iyeka ukusebenza lapho ugesi ulahleka, lapho inqubo kagesi ilahleka, inhliziyo iyeka ukushaya ngokuphelele. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukufa kwezokwelapha'.
Amangqamuzana obuchopho angaphila isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, cishe imizuzu emihlanu, ngaphandle komoya-mpilo kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwegazi. Uma inhliziyo ingaqalwa kabusha phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kunethuba elincane lokusindisa impilo. Yingakho umzuzwana ngamunye uyigugu kangaka lapha.
Ziyini izimbangela ze-asystole?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani inhliziyo ingayeka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. Ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukopha ngokweqile emzimbeni.
- Amazinga omoya-mpilo aphansi kakhulu emzimbeni (i-Hypoxia).
- Ukungalingani kukasawoti kanye nama-electrolyte emzimbeni.
- Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okukhulu.
- I-embolism yamaphaphu.
- Izigqi zenhliziyo ezingavamile (i-Arrhythmias), ikakhulukazi izimo ezifana ne-Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) kanye ne-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT).
- Ingozi enkulu esifubeni noma enhliziyweni.
- Ukushaqeka kukagesi.
- Ukungenisa imithi ethile, ubuthi, noma izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine.
Lokhu kungalashwa kanjani? Ingabe kungasindisa impilo?
I-Asystole iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha lapho umzuzwana ngamunye ubalulekile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kumuntu ongaphandle kwesibhedlela, into ebaluleke kakhulu futhi okuwukuphela kwayo ongayenza ukuqala i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) ngokushesha bese uqhubeka nayo kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha. I-CPR efanele, eqhubekayo inethuba elihle kakhulu lokusindisa impilo.
Uma kusesibhedlela, amaqembu ezokwelapha ahlinzeka ngezindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-CPR (ukucindezelwa kwesifuba kanye nokuphefumula okwenziwe) | Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kupompelwe igazi liye ebuchosheni nakwezinye izitho zomzimba, kuthathe indawo yenhliziyo eyeke ukushaya. |
| I-Epinephrine (i-Adrenaline) | Umuthi ongasiza ekuqaliseni kabusha inhliziyo emile. Unikezwa ngomthambo. |
| Ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo | Inhliziyo ingabuyiselwa esimweni sayo esijwayelekile ngokuthola nokwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo yokumiswa kwenhliziyo (isib. ukuntuleka kosawoti, ubuthi). |
Ingabe ukushaqeka (ukwehlisa ijubane) akunakuyivuselela inhliziyo?
Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abayicabanga ngephutha ngemva kokubuka ama-movie. I-Asystole akuyona isigqi 'esishaqisayo'. Okusho ukuthi, ukunikeza umuntu onomugqa oyisicaba ukushaqeka kukagesi (defibrillation) ngeke kube nomthelela. Eqinisweni, ukwenza kanjalo kungenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuvuselela inhliziyo.
Ukushaqeka kunikezwa kuphela ngezigqi ezingavamile, njenge-Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), lapho umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo uphazamiseka khona futhi inhliziyo ivele ithuthumele. Kodwa-ke, nge-CPR enhle, ngezinye izikhathi inhliziyo esesimweni sokungashukumi ingaguqulwa ibe yizigqi ezishaqekayo. Yingakho i-CPR iyindlela yokwelapha ehamba phambili lapha.
Kufanele ufune nini usizo ngokushesha?
Uma umuntu oseduze nawe eba nezimpawu ezilandelayo ngokuzumayo, kungaba ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- Kungazelelwe ngilahlekelwe ingqondo futhi ngiwa.
- Akuphefumuli noma kuphefumula kanzima.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo entanyeni noma esihlakaleni.
Esimweni esinjalo, shayela isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo ngokushesha (isibonelo, ngo-1919). Bese uqala i-CPR ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngisho noma ungazi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-CPR, ungesabi. Isikhulu sesevisi ye-ambulensi singakufundisa ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-CPR ngocingo. Imizamo yakho inethuba elikhulu lokusindisa impilo. Isiguli kufanele siyiswe e -Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Uma usola ukuthi lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yento enobuthi, ungashayela ucingo ngokushesha iNational Poison Information Center eColombo National Hospital bese ucela iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Asystole, noma 'umugqa oyisicaba', ukuphela ngokuphelele komsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esiyingozi kakhulu.
- Lesi akusona isimo esingelapheka ngokushaqeka ngogesi, njengoba kuboniswe kumamuvi.
- Uma umuntu elahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo futhi ewa, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ayenze ukuqala i-CPR ngokushesha bese eqhubeka kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha.
- Uma ubona isimo esinjalo, ungesabi, shayela i-ambulensi esiphuthumayo ngokushesha bese uqala i-CPR. Labo abangazi ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-CPR bangathola imiyalelo ngocingo.
- Ukufunda ukwenza i-CPR kungakusiza usindise impilo yothandekayo wakho ngelinye ilanga.
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