Ingabe kukhona ama-fat deposits emthanjeni wakho wegazi oyinhloko? Ake sifunde nge-Atherosclerosis ye-Aorta!

Uke wezwa ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu? Yi -aorta . Ifana nohlelo oluyinhloko lwamapayipi olusabalalisa amanzi asuka ethangini lethu lamanzi aye endlini yonke. Yilona oluthwala igazi elihlanzekile lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nomthambo obaluleke kangaka ngezinye izikhathi ungaba nezinkinga. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye isimo esinjalo, okuwukugcwala kwamafutha ku-aorta noma `(I-Atherosclerosis ye-Aorta)`.

Kuyini `(I-Atherosclerosis ye-Aorta)`?

Kalula nje, okwenzekayo ukuthi amafutha ne-cholesterol kwakheka ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni wethu, i -aorta , njengokugqwala okwakha ungqimba ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi elidala. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-plaque' . Lokhu akwenzeki ngobusuku obubodwa. Eqinisweni, singaqala ukwakha 'i-plaque' kancane kancane kusukela sisebancane, kodwa ikhula kuphela njengoba sikhula futhi iqala ukubangela izinkinga.

Cabanga nje, le aorta iwumthambo ongaphezu kwefidi ubude, osuka enhliziyweni udlule esiswini uye ethangeni. Leli 'plaque' lingakheka noma kuphi ku-aorta. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile lesi simo cishe sithinta ingxenye ye-aorta edlula esiswini, okungukuthi, i -'Abdominal Aorta'.

Enye into ukuthi uma umuntu ene-plaque efana nale ku-aorta yakhe, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi uzoba ne-plaque kweminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakhe, isibonelo , emithanjeni yenhliziyo ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni, noma emithanjeni ye-carotid ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni. Ngoba, lesi (i-Atherosclerosis) yisifo esithinta umzimba wonke . Lokho kusho ukuthi uma kunenkinga endaweni eyodwa, kungaba nezinkinga nakwezinye izindawo.

Lesi simo siyithinta kanjani imizimba yethu?

Uma i-plaque inqwabelana ku-aorta, ivimba ukunikezwa kwegazi okuyinhloko emzimbeni. Ubuwazi ukuthi imithambo yegazi eminingi emincane iyahlukana nale aorta futhi ithwale igazi elinomoya-mpilo liye kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba? Ngakho-ke, uma i-plaque ivimba ukuhamba kwegazi ku-aorta, ingabangela ukuntuleka kwegazi elinomoya-mpilo ezithweni nasezicutshini ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni (ischemia).

Ungase ucabange ukuthi leli 'plaque' lizokhula futhi likhule kuze kube yilapho livimba ngokuphelele umthambo wegazi. Yiqiniso, lokhu kungenzeka kweminye imithambo yegazi emincane. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-aorta iyisitsha esikhulu kakhulu, ngisho noma iplaque ibekwe ezindongeni zayo, kusenendawo yokugeleza kwegazi.

Kodwa-ke, inkinga enkulu neyingozi kakhulu lapha ukuthi ingxenye yale 'plaque' iyaphuka bese inamathela kwenye indawo. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-embolus' kwezokwelapha.

Kalula nje, ukwakheka kwe-plaque kufana nokunqwabelana kodaka epayipini ngaphansi kwesinki. Kodwa i-embolus iwukuvimbeka okungazelelwe. Kufana nokuthi uma uxubha amazinyo akho bese ngephutha uphonsa ithubhu lomuthi wokuxubha esinkini, lingabhajwa epayipini bese limisa ukugeleza kwamanzi.

I-plaque ku-aorta ingabangela izinhlobo ezimbili ze-emboli:

• I-Thromboembolism: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi ebusweni be-plaque. Leli hlule libe seliqhekeka bese lihamba negazi.
• I-Atheroembolism: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-plaque iphuka futhi ingxenye yayo iphuka bese ihamba negazi. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu kune-blood clot okukhulunywe ngayo ekuqaleni.

Kodwa-ke, kuzo zombili izimo, into okungafanele ibe semithanjeni yegazi iyanyakaza. Leyo yinkinga enkulu yokufakwa kwamafutha ku-aorta. Umphumela emzimbeni uncike ekutheni le 'embolus' ibambeke kuphi. Njengoba igazi lingadluli kulelo phuzu lokunamathela, izitho nezicubu kuleyo ndawo azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele futhi ziqala ukulimala ngokushesha (ischemia).

Sibi kangakanani lesi simo?

Uma i-embolus, ebangelwa ukugcwala kwamafutha ku-aorta, iphuka futhi ihlale kwenye indawo emzimbeni, ingaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esisongela impilo , njengoba ivimba ngokuphelele ukugeleza kwegazi kuleyo ndawo.

Lesi simo sikubeka engcupheni enkulu yokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo ezifana nalezi:

• I-acute ischemic colitis: Lesi yisimo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya emathunjini kuvimbekile, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu kanye nendle enegazi.
• I-acute limb ischemia : Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka emilenzeni. Umlenze ngokuzumayo uba ndikindiki, uphaphathekile, futhi ube buhlungu.
• I-Myocardial infarction: Ukuvaleka komthambo othwala igazi uye enhliziyweni.
• Ukuhlaselwa yizinso: Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.
• Ukuhlaselwa yi-splenic.
• Ukuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma i-Transient Ischemic (TIA): Ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwe-plaque ku-aorta kwenza udonga lomthambo lube buthaka, okwandisa ingozi yokuba ne -aortic aneurysm . Uma i-aneurysm enjalo iqhuma noma iqhume ngokuzumayo, ingaba yingozi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Lokhu kwenzeka kubani?

Lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Atherosclerosis ye-Aorta" empeleni singenzeka kunoma ubani . Yisimo esivamile. Ingozi yokuthuthukisa lesi simo iyanda njengoba ukhula.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Kwabaningi, leli 'plaque' eliku-aorta lingase libe khona iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu . Eqinisweni, ungase ungabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu, kodwa izimpawu zivela kuphela lapho enye yalezo 'embolus' ihamba negazi futhi inamathele kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Izimpawu ozizwayo zincike ekutheni 'embolus' inamathele kuphi, nokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba encishwe umoya-mpilo.

'I-embolus' ingabangela izimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene, ngayinye inezimpawu ezithile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele ushayele ucingo ku-1990 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.

Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo

• Kuhlala kukhona umuzwa wokwesaba, umuzwa wokuthi "kukhona okubi okuzokwenzeka manje."
• Ubuhlungu besifuba , ukuqina, ukuqina, noma ingcindezi.
• Ikhanda lami liyazungeza, ngizizwa ngididekile, ngizizwa sengathi sengizolahlekelwa ingqondo.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile kuwumuzwa ongavamile wokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Kuza isicanucanu, kuza ukuhlanza.
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ehlombe, engalweni, entanyeni, noma emhlathini.
• Ukujuluka.
• Abesifazane bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okukhulu kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.

Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi

• Ikhanda lami liyazungeza, umzimba wami ulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Uma ukhuluma, amagama ayaphithana, kuba nzima ukuveza okusengqondweni yakho, futhi kuba nzima ukuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo.
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe ebusweni, ezingalweni, noma emilenzeni. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba.
• Kungazelelwe, ngiphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ukubona kuba lufifi noma kube nzima ukukubona emehlweni elilodwa noma womabili.
• Kuba nzima ukuhamba.

Izimpawu ze-acute limb ischemia

• Isandla noma unyawo oluthintekile luyabanda uma luthintwa.
• Izicubu ezikuleyo ndawo kungenzeka ukuthi zifile futhi zaba mnyama (i-Gangrene).
• Umbala wesikhumba uyashintsha, bese kuvela iphethini yemigqa ebomvu, onsomi, nensundu (Isikhumba esinamabala).
• Kuzwakala sengathi kuyisicaba noma kuyathuthumela.
• Isikhumba siphuzi noma siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo engalweni noma emlenzeni othintekile kubuthakathaka noma akukho.

Izimpawu zokulahlekelwa igazi ezithweni zesisu

• Igazi esitulweni.
• Uhudo.
• Isicanucanu.
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ubuhlungu obukhulu uma kuthintwa.

Izimpawu ze-abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

Ukufakwa kwamafutha ku -aorta kuhlotshaniswa nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukufakwa kwamafutha ngokwako akubangeli i-AAA, kodwa izici eziyingozi zazo zombili lezi zimo ziyafana, ngakho-ke zingenzeka ndawonye. Abantu abaningi ababonisi zimpawu kuze kube yilapho i-AAA isizoqhuma. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zivela kusenesikhathi, zingase zihlanganise:

• Ubuhlungu obungapheli emhlane, emlenzeni, noma esiswini.
• Ngizwa umuzwa obuhlungu esiswini sami, sengathi inhliziyo yami iyashaya.

Lezi izimpawu zokuqhuma kwe-`(AAA)` (uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha!):

• Umzimba wami uyabanda futhi ujuluka.
• Ikhanda lami liyazungeza, ngizizwa sengathi sengizolahlekelwa ingqondo.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyashesha.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Kunzima ukuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obungazelelwe, ubuhlungu beqolo elingezansi, noma ubuhlungu bomlenze.

Yiziphi izizathu zalesi simo?

Ukufakwa kwamafutha ku-aorta kuqala ngomonakalo wolwelwesi olubucayi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi (i-endothelium). Lo monakalo awenzeki ngobusuku obubodwa, kodwa uqhubeka iminyaka eminingi.

Izimo ezithile kanye nemikhuba kungalimaza le `(Endothelium)` futhi kwandise ingozi yokuthola `(I-Atherosclerosis).` Izinto ezinjengalezi yilezi:

• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi (isib. ukubhema i-vaping, ukuhlafuna ugwayi).
• Ukwanda kwamazinga e-cholesterol egazini (i-Hyperlipidemia).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension).
• Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (i-Hyperglycemia), ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
• Ezinye izifo zokuzivikela komzimba kanye nezimo zokuvuvukala , ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta imithambo yegazi emikhulu, njenge-vasculitis yemithambo emikhulu.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuxilongwa?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukene zokuthatha izithombe ukuze bathole ukuthi unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-aortic atherosclerosis, ukuthi sisakazeke kangakanani, nokuthi sibi kangakanani. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography - i-CT scan)
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (Umfanekiso we-Magnetic resonance - i-MRI)
• I-echocardiogram ye-Transesophageal (lapho ikhamera encane idluliswa khona emhubheni ukuze kuhlolwe inhliziyo kanye ne-aorta).

Lezi zivivinyo zivumela udokotela ukuthi abone kahle isimo se-aorta.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Lapho belapha ama-fatty deposits ku-aorta, odokotela bagxila ezintweni ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Nciphisa ingozi yezinkinga (isib. ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi) ezingase zivele ngenxa yalesi simo.
• Lawula noma umise ukuqhubeka kwesifo .

Imithi kanye nezinguquko endleleni yokuphila kungakusiza ukufeza zombili lezi zinhloso. Udokotela wakho angase akuncomele imithi efana nalokhu:

• Ama-anticoagulant noma imithi ye-Antiplatelet : Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-embolus.
• Imithi yokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu .
• Imithi elawula amazinga e-cholesterol (isib. ama-statin) .

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila nazo zibaluleke kakhulu. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi wenze izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Gwema ukudla okunamafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol eningi.
• Gwema ukudla neziphuzo ezinoshukela omningi.
• Yiba matasa kakhulu, uvivinye umzimba nsuku zonke.
• Nciphisa inani likasawoti elifakwa ekudleni.
• Uma ubhema, yeka ngokuphelele. Yeka nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.

Uma usuvele unenkinga ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis ye-aorta, udokotela wakho uzokwelapha lezo zimo. Izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umonakalo wenzeke kuphi futhi kanjani. Zingafaka phakathi imithi, izinqubo ezingangenisi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ngisho nokunqunywa noma ukuhlanza izinso uma izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezikulungele kangcono nokuthi kungani uzidinga.

Ingancishiswa kanjani ingozi yalesi simo?

Kungase kungabi njalo ukuthi kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele i-atherosclerosis. Kodwa-ke, ukulandela izinyathelo ezingezansi kungakusiza ukuthi wehlise ijubane lokuqhubeka kwalesi sifo futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuba nezinkinga eziyingozi.

• Gwema ukubhema kanye nayo yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukubhema i-vaping kanye nokuhlafuna ugwayi.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Khetha ukudla okunamafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol ephansi. Yidla izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi kanye namantongomane amaningi.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ubude bakho bufanelekela kangakanani isisindo sakho.
• Hlala umatasa. Faka ukuzivocavoca okuhleliwe osukwini lwakho. Futhi, zama ukwenza izinto ezizokwenza umzimba wakho unyakaze ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.
• Lawula umfutho wegazi lakho, i-cholesterol, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezingasiza. Futhi, thatha imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngesikhathi.
• Bona udokotela wakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe ngokuphelele. Ungaphuthelwa ezinye izikhathi zokubonana nodokotela kanye nokuhlolwa okulandelayo.

Uma nginalesi simo, ikusasa liyoba njani?

Lokhu akuthinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Ukubikezela kwakho (`(Isibikezelo)`) kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Ubunzima bokwakheka kwe-plaque. Uma i-plaque ku-aorta yakho inkulu kunamamilimitha angu-4, usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-embolus. Uma i-plaque ingaphansi kwemilimitha elilodwa, kubhekwa njengesimo "esincane" futhi ingozi yezinkinga iphansi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nobunzima bokwakheka kwe-plaque ku-aorta yakho nokuthi ingakuthinta kanjani.
• Ukuthi i-plaque ikhona yini nakweminye imithambo yegazi. Uma i-plaque ikhona kweminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho, kwandisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
• Impilo yakho iyonke. Uma unezinye izimo, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma uma usebenzisa ugwayi, usengozini enkulu yezinkinga.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho nokuthi ungasiphatha kanjani kangcono.

Ingabe ama-fatty deposits ku-aorta angalapheka ngokuphelele?

Ngeshwa, lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Atherosclerosis ye-Aorta" , asinakwelashwa ngokuphelele noma siguqulwe . Okusho ukuthi, i-plaque eseyakhiwe kakade ayinakususwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi enikezwe udokotela wakho, ungayilawula kahle, umise lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu, unciphise ingozi yezinkinga, futhi uphile impilo evamile.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani kulesi simo?

Uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis, usengozini enkulu yokuthola ezinye izimo, njengesifo semithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwenza konke ongakwenza ukuze ugcine inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi yakho kuphilile ngangokunokwenzeka. Landela lawa macebiso ngokucophelela:

• Ukudla.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba.
• Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila (isib., ukuyeka ukubhema).
• Imithi ebhalwe ngudokotela.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Bona udokotela wakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela uma udinga ukuza kaningi noma uma udinga ukubona uchwepheshe, njengodokotela wenhliziyo.

Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha, uma izimpawu zakho zishintsha, noma uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Uma uba nezimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kufanele ufune nini usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kufanele ushayele ucingo ku-1990 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze:

• I-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) (ikakhulukazi izimpawu zokuqhekeka).
• Ischemia yemilenze ebukhali.
• Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .
• Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi .
• I-aneurysm ye-aorta yesifuba (uma kunezimpawu zokuqhekeka).
• Izimpawu zokuhlasela kwe -ischemic okuhamba kancane (i-TIA).

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho, okungenzeka kwenzeke, nokuthi yini ongayenza. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza:

• "Isimo sami sibi kangakanani?"
• "Ngingenzani ukuze lokhu kungabe kubi kakhulu?"
• "Yiziphi izinguquko ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka ngizenze endleleni yami yokuphila?"
• "Yimiphi imithi okufanele ngiyithathe? Ingabe inemiphumela emibi?"

Uma uhlinzwa inhliziyo noma inqubo ehilela i-catheter, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zezinkinga. Ukugcwala kwamafutha ku-aorta kungandisa ingozi yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Buza ngezingozi zakho nokuthi yini ithimba lakho lezokwelapha elingayenza ukuze lizinciphise.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, lokhu kwakheka kwamafutha ku-aorta, noma `(I-Atherosclerosis ye-Aorta)`, kuyisimo esidinga ukunakwa okuthile futhi ngezinye izikhathi singaba yingozi. Kodwa-ke, ungesabi ngokushesha ngemva kokuzwa ngakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ngakho futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

Ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho, ukulandela iseluleko sakhe, nokwenza izinguquko ezincane nezinempilo endleleni yokuphila, ungalawula isimo sakho, ugweme izinkinga ezinkulu, futhi uphile impilo enempilo nejabulisayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunaka umzimba wakho, ukunaka noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha, nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha nokwelashwa. Awuwedwa, futhi kukhona odokotela nabasebenzi bezempilo abazokusiza kulolu hambo.

I- atherosclerosis, i-Aorta, i-Aorta, ama-fat deposits, isifo senhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, i-cholesterol, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo sohlangothi, i-Embolus