Unikeza igazi ukuze uhlole i-cholesterol yakho bese uthola umbiko. I-LDL, i-HDL, ama-triglycerides... Kuyimpumuzo enkulu ukubona ukuthi konke kujwayelekile, akunjalo? "O... angina-cholesterol, ngeke ngibe nezinkinga zenhliziyo," ungase ucabange. Kodwa, ubuwazi ngesitha esifihliwe esingaveli kulo mbiko we-cholesterol evamile, kodwa esinomthelela omkhulu ezifweni zenhliziyo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokho.
Kuyini i-Lipoprotein(a) noma i-Lp(a)?
Kalula nje, i-Lipoprotein(a) , noma i-Lp(a) ngamafuphi, iyinhlayiya equkethe amafutha egazini lethu, njenge-cholesterol. Kodwa lena ikhethekile kancane. Le nhlayiya ye-Lp(a) inganamathela ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yethu (imithambo yegazi) kakhulu kune -LDL cholesterol sonke esiyazi ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi", bese iyivala kancane kancane. Cabanga ngokuminyana kwezimoto emgwaqweni, lapho le-Lp(a) ikhula, ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu kuyavimbeka. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lokhu ngokuthi isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi esibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerotic (ASCVD) . Lesi simo yisona esiholela ezifweni ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Inkinga enkulu ngalokhu ukuthi izinga le-Lp(a) likhuphuka ngaphezu kwalokho esikudlayo noma esikuzivocavocayo, kodwa ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo zethu. Okusho ukuthi, kuyinto esiyizuza njengefa kubazali bethu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphila impilo enjani, izinga lakho le-Lp(a) lingaba phezulu ngokwezakhi zofuzo. Yingakho, noma ngabe umbiko wakho we-cholesterol ojwayelekile muhle, kubalulekile ukuqaphela le ngozi efihliwe.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu emhlabeni unamazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-Lp(a), kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ngakho.
Kungani lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kangaka? Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Kuze kube muva nje, ukuhlolwa kwe-Lp(a) bekuxoxwa kakhulu phakathi kodokotela benhliziyo. Kodwa lokho kuyashintsha. Izinhlangano zezokwelapha ezihamba phambili emhlabeni manje zincoma ukuthi wonke umuntu omdala kufanele ahlolwe i-Lp(a) okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe .
Cabanga nje, kuneziguli ezithile eziye zaba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kabili noma kathathu, ama-stents, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, kodwa asikho isizathu esingatholakala sokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, lapho izinga le-Lp(a) lihlolwa, kutholakala ukuthi liphezulu kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi, lesi kungaba yisizathu esiyinhloko esifihliwe isikhathi eside kangaka.
Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kokuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol okuvamile kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-Lp(a) kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isici | Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Cholesterol Okujwayelekile (Iphrofayili Ye-Lipid) | Ukuhlolwa kwe-Lp(a) |
|---|---|---|
| Kuyini ukuhlolwa? | Ilinganisa izinto ezifana ne-LDL, i-HDL, i-Total Cholesterol, kanye ne-Triglycerides. | Kulinganiswa inhlayiya ethile kuphela ebizwa ngokuthi i-Lipoprotein(a). |
| Izinto ezithonyayo | Ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nesisindo somzimba kungenza umehluko omkhulu. | Inqunywa kakhulu yizakhi zofuzo. Indlela yokuphila ayinathonya elikhulu. |
| Kukangaki kufanele uhlole | Uma unikezwa iseluleko sezokwelapha, kudingeka ukuhlolwa njalo (isib. kanye ngonyaka). | Ukuhlolwa kanye empilweni kuvame ukwanele. |
Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Nakuba noma ubani angaba namazinga aphezulu e-Lp(a), amanye amaqembu angase abe sengozini enkulu kancane:
- Abantu abanomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo: Uma isihlobo esiseduze, njengomama wakho, ubaba, noma izingane zakini, sibe nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi sisencane (ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-55 kwabesilisa, ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-65 kwabesifazane), kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube namazinga aphezulu e-Lp(a).
- Amanye amaqembu ezinhlanga: Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abantu bomdabu wase-Afrika bangase babe namazinga aphezulu e-Lp(a) kunamanye amaqembu ezinhlanga.
- Abesifazane asebedlulile esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini: Amazinga e-Lp(a) angakhuphuka kancane kwabesifazane ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
- Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela: Ukuhlanganiswa kwesifo sikashukela kanye namazinga aphezulu e-Lp(a) kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Senzani uma izinga le-Lp(a) liphezulu?
Kulungile, manje cishe uyazibuza, "Kuthiwani uma izinga lami le-Lp(a) liphezulu? Ingabe likhona ikhambi lalokhu?" Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu.
Njengamanje, izidakamizwa ezihlasela ngqo futhi zehlise amazinga e-Lp(a) zisesesigabeni sokugcina socwaningo. Kunethemba elikhulu ngezidakamizwa ezifana ne -Pelacarsen , okulindeleke ukuthi imiphumela yazo itholakale ngo-2025.
Kodwa, awukwazi ukulinda nje ukuthi kwenzeke. Into enkulu kuphela ukwazi ukuthi izinga lakho le-Lp(a) liphezulu. Ngaleyo ndlela, wena nodokotela wakho ningathatha ezinye izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo yakho iyonke.
Ukwazi izinga lakho le-Lp(a) kufana nokwazi kusengaphambili ngokugoba okuyingozi emgwaqweni. Ngisho noma ungakwazi ukugwema ukugoba, unganciphisa ijubane bese ushayela kulo ngokucophelela.
Uma izinga lakho le-Lp(a) liphezulu, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma okulandelayo:
1. Lawula ngokuqinile i-cholesterol ye-LDL: Uma i-Lp(a) yakho iphezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amazinga e-LDL ("i-cholesterol embi") ephansi ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokunikeza imithi efana nama-statin .
2. Ukulawula ezinye izici eziyingozi: Zonke ezinye izici eziyingozi njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, ukubhema, kanye nokukhuluphala kufanele zilawulwe kahle.
3. Ukwazisa umndeni: Njengoba amazinga e-Lp(a) ewufuzo, uma amazinga akho e-Lp(a) ephezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa izingane zakho, abafowenu nodadewenu, kanye nabazali bakho ukuze nabo benze lokhu kuhlolwa.
Inothi elikhethekile mayelana nemithi ye-statin
Kukhona umbono ongalungile phakathi kwabanye wokuthi imithi ye-statin cholesterol ingakhuphula kancane amazinga e-Lp(a). Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zama-statin ekwehliseni i-LDL cholesterol kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo iyonke zidlula kakhulu imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokwenyuka okuncane kwamazinga e-Lp(a). Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha i-statin yakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-Lp(a) yakho. Nakuba lokhu kungesona isivivinyo esivamile, cishe bazokudlulisela kulolu vivinyo ngemva kokuxoxa ngomlando womndeni wakho kanye nezici eziyingozi. Lesi isinyathelo esibalulekile ongasithatha empilweni yakho yesikhathi esizayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Lp(a) iyingozi efihliwe: Ngisho noma izinga lakho elijwayelekile le-cholesterol lilihle, izinga eliphezulu le-Lp(a) lingakubeka engozini yesifo senhliziyo.
- Hlola kanye empilweni yakho: Njengoba amazinga e-Lp(a) enqunywa kakhulu yizakhi zofuzo, ngokuvamile kwanele ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa kanye empilweni yakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Ungakhathazeki uma amazinga akho ephezulu: Ukwazi ukuthi amazinga akho e-Lp(a) aphezulu kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo iyonke.
- Lawula ezinye izingozi: Uma i-Lp(a) iphezulu, kubalulekile ukulawula ngokuqinile zonke ezinye izici eziyingozi, njenge-cholesterol ye-LDL, umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela, nokubhema.
- Tshela umndeni wakho: Njengoba lesi kuyisimo sofuzo, uma izinga lakho le-Lp(a) liphezulu, tshela amalungu omndeni wakho aseduze (abazali, izingane, izingane zakini) futhi ubakhuthaze ukuthi nabo bahlolwe.
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