Ingabe unesifo sokungezwani komzimba esingajwayelekile esivame ukuvela? Ake sixoxe nge-Atopy!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uthola ubomvu esikhumbeni sakho? Noma uhlala unekhala elivalekile futhi uthimula? Mhlawumbe awuthinti lutho noma ngabe uyaludla? Ungase futhi ujwayelene nalolu hlobo lokungezwani komzimba oluza ngokulandelana. Isizathu salokhu kungaba yisimo esikhethekile emzimbeni wakho. Sizokhuluma ngento efana naleyo namuhla.

Kuyini ngempela i-Atopy?

Kalula nje, i-atopy iwumkhuba wokuthi amasosha omzimba wakho asabele ngokweqile ezintweni ezingelona ingozi ngempela. Igama elithi "atopy" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "endaweni engafanele." Ngakho-ke, izimo ze-atopic zilapho umzimba wakho usabela ngokweqile entweni okungafanele uyibhekane nayo. Cabanga ngakho njengokuzivikela komzimba wethu okungena egazini lapho ubona uthuli oluncane, luthi, "He, kukhona isitha esikhulu!" bese luqala ukulwa. Yingakho sibhekana ne-asthma, ukuqubuka, noma ezinye izinto ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba ngenxa yezinto ezisendaweni, njengempova kanye nezibungu zothuli.

Ngokuvamile, umuntu one-atopy angaba nezimo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokungezwani komzimba. Njengoba nje singagqoka isigqoko ngosuku olubandayo, kodwa futhi sigqoke nejazi kanye nesikhafu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Njengoba nje singagqoka izingubo ezingaphezu kweyodwa ezifudumele ngesizathu esifanayo (ukubanda), i-atopy ingabangela ukungezwani komzimba okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ziyini lezi zifo ze-atopic?

Kunezimo eziningana zezokwelapha ezingabangelwa yi-atopy. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-asthma , ikakhulukazi i-asthma ene-allergy . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imigudu yomoya ivuvukala futhi kuba nzima ukuphefumula.
• I-Allergic Rhinitis . Yilokhu abantu abaningi abakubiza ngokuthi "i-allergic." Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuminyana kwekhala njalo, ikhala eligobhozayo, kanye nokuthimula.
• Ukungezwani Nokudla : Ukungabekezelelani nokudla okuthile, njengamantongomane, ama-cashew, namaqanda.
• I-Eczema , noma i-atopic dermatitis , yisimo lapho isikhumba siba somile, silume, sibe bomvu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi sibe namaqhubu.
• Ezinye izinhlobo ze -hives (i-Urticaria) zithanda i-herpes . Siphinde sizibize ngokuthi ama-heat blisters. Ngokungazelelwe, kuvela ama-welts abomvu, avuvukile, alumayo ezindaweni ezithile emzimbeni.
• I-Allergic Conjunctivitis : Amehlo abomvu, alumayo anoketshezi oluphuma emanzini.
• I-Eosinophilic Esophagitis . Lesi yisimo lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala kombhobho wokudla (i-esophagitis). Lesi yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Atopy kanye ne-Allergies?

I-Atopy iqoqo lemiphumela yokungezwani komzimba ethinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wakho. Isibonelo, i-allergy rhinitis - isimo esivame ukusibiza ngokuthi "i-allergy" - imane nje ingumphumela owodwa we-atopic. Kunezinye eziningi.

Izinto ezifanayo ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba - ukusabela ngokweqile komzimba wakho ezintweni ezisendaweni ezungezile - zingabangela nezinye izimo ze-atopic. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimo zingaba zimbi kakhulu yizici ezingezona ezokungezwani komzimba, njengomoya obandayo noma ukucindezeleka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Atopy?

Izimpawu zezimo ze-atopic zingahluka, kodwa kunezinye izici ezivamile:

• Ukuminyana kwamakhala noma impumulo egobhozayo.
• Amehlo alumayo noma ukuphuma kwamanzi emehlweni.
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukulunywa.
• Isikhumba esilumayo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) .
• Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuvuvukala komlomo, umphimbo, ulimi, noma ubuso.

Cabanga nje, sinomngane ogama lakhe linguNilanthi. Kusukela esemncane, wayethimula cishe izikhathi ezingamashumi amahlanu noma ngabe uthinte uthuli oluncane, futhi nekhala lakhe lalivaleka. Kwathi lapho esekhulile kancane, waqala ngokuzumayo ukuba ne-eczema, ikakhulukazi ezandleni nasezinyaweni zakhe. Lapho eyikhombisa udokotela, watshelwa ukuthi une-atopic dermatitis, yingakho ayethola zonke lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zokungezwani komzimba.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-atopy?

Imbangela eyinhloko yezimo zokungezwani komzimba ezihlobene ne-atopy uhlobo lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi i-Immunoglobulin E. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-(IgE) ngamafuphi. (IgE) empeleni uhlobo lwe-antibody olusiza ekuvikeleni imizimba yethu emagciwaneni ayingozi. Kufana nabaqaphi bomzimba womzimba.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi la ma-antibodies (IgE) enza iphutha kancane. Acabanga ukuthi izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba noma ezinye izinto ezisendaweni empeleni zibangela umonakalo omkhulu. Yilapho-ke eqala ukucasuka ngokungadingekile futhi abangele izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye namakhala agelezayo.

Yiziphi izici ezibangela i-atopy?

Ingozi enkulu yokuthola i-atopy ukuthi amalungu omndeni wakho aseduze - njengabazali nezingane zakini - anezimo ze-atopic. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukuthambekela kokuthola lezi zimo zokungezwani komzimba kudluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umama noma ubaba wakho ene-asthma noma i-eczema, unethuba elincane lokuthola izimo ezifanayo.

I-Atopy itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho angase angasho ngokuqondile ukuthi, "Une-atopy." Kodwa-ke, bangase bakwazi ukuhlonza izimo ezihlobene (isb., i-asthma, i-eczema). Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase acele noma enze izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani, ikakhulukazi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi unezimo ezifana ne-asthma.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba : Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inani elincane lezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba esikhumbeni sakho nokubona ukuthi umzimba wakho uyasabela yini kuzo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokungezwani komzimba : Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi angakanani lawo ma-antibodies (IgE) esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili) asegazini lakho.

Ingabe i-atopy ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, imbangela eyinhloko ye-atopy ayinakwelapheka ngokuphelele . Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zezimo ezihlobene nokungezwani komzimba, i-asthma, kanye ne-eczema. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingakusiza ukuthi uphile impilo evamile. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• Imijovo yokungezwani komzimba .
• Ama-antihistamine (isb., i-piritan).
• Imithi yezinto eziphilayo (i-Biologics) .
• Izifutho zokuphefumula .
• Izilungisi ze-Leukotriene .
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy ngomlomo ngenxa yokungezwani nokudla .
• Ama-Corticosteroids imithi ethathwa ngomlomo, ihogelwe, noma isetshenziswe esikhumbeni.
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy ngaphansi kolimi olulodwa .

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha bese ukhetha okukufanelekelayo.

Ingabe i-atopy ingavinjelwa?

I-Atopy ayinakuvinjelwa, njengoba ivame ukuba yizakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, ungazama ukugwema izimbangela ezingadala izimo ze-atopic. Isibonelo, uma wazi ukuthi umngane unekati ekhaya futhi une-allergy kumakati, ungathatha i-antihistamine ngaphambi kokuya lapho. Noma ungaqaphela kancane ngesikhathi se-pollen.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-atopy?

Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingabangela ukusabela kwe-atopic. Lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu.

• Impova : Impova evela ezihlahleni ezithile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Endaweni yakithi, kungaba nzima kakhulu kwabanye abantu uma izimbali zemango ne-kohomba ziqhakaza.
• Umoya obandayo nowomile .
• Izibungu zothuli : Lezi zitholakala ngaphakathi endlini, ezindaweni ezifana nezingubo zokulala, ama-pillowcases, kanye nama-sofa.
• Ukudla okuthile : Isibonelo, amantongomane, ama-cashew, amaqanda, ubisi, inhlanzi, ama-shrimp, njll.
• I-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo : Kusukela ezilwaneni ezifana namakati nezinja.
• Izikhunta : Izikhunta ezikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi, njengasezindlini zangasese nasekhishini.
• Amaphela.
• Amaphunga : Amaphunga okwenziwa atholakala ezintweni ezifana nensipho, insipho yokuwasha izingubo, kanye namaphunga anuka kamnandi.
• Ukucindezeleka : Ngokumangalisayo, lezi zimo zingaba zimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokucindezeleka okukhulu.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Iningi labantu abane-atopy bangakwazi ukuphatha isimo sabo kahle. Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzenze ukugwema izinto ezibangela lesi simo, uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela, futhi welaphe ukusabela ngokushesha nje lapho kwenzeka. Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:

• Geza noma ugeze isikhashana njalo ebusuku . Sebenzisa insipho yebha engenaphunga. Ngemva kokugeza, faka i-moisturizer noma ukhilimu ofanele isikhumba esibucayi.
• Thatha imithi yokungezwani komzimba nsuku zonke ngezikhathi zokuvuthwa kwempova okukhulu konyaka (ngokuvamile entwasahlobo, ehlobo, nasekwindla).
• Sebenzisa noma yimiphi imithi yokunakekela oyinikezwe - isibonelo, ama-inhaler - njengoba nje kuqondiswe . Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imishini yezokwelapha ngendlela efanele, buza udokotela wakho.
• Uma une-allergy enkulu yokudla noma okunye ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu (okungaholela ku-anaphylaxis), phatha njalo i-epinephrine auto-injector (isib., i-EpiPen®, i-Auvi-Q®) .

Khumbula, konke lokhu kungase kuzwakale kunzima ekuqaleni. Kufana nokujwayela umkhuba omusha. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lezi zinto zizoba yingxenye yesimiso sakho sansuku zonke.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu zesimo esibangelwa yi-atopic, njengokungezwani komzimba, i-asthma, noma ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okuvamile, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela . Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu zakho futhi anqume ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu. Bangase futhi bakuthumele kudokotela we-allergen.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma uzwa izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba , iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha noma ushayele u-911. Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, umlomo, ulimi, noma umphimbo.
• Ukuhlanza okukhulu.
• Ubuthakathaka, isiyezi, ukuzizwa uphelelwe amandla, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi).

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngesikhathi esinjengalesi.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesifo se-atopic dermatitis, ningase nizizwe sengathi nihlala nihlushwa uhlobo oluthile lokugula. Ama-inhalers, imithi yokungezwani komzimba, insipho ekhethekile, insipho yokuwasha izingubo engenaphunga, kanye nama-creams... Ukuphila nakho konke lokhu kungaba nzima kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma unakekela ingane encane enesifo sokungezwani komzimba okuningi, kungaba nzima nakakhulu.

Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa . Kunabantu abaningi abaphila ngempumelelo nalezi zimo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ukubhekana nakho konke lokhu kuba yinto evamile njengokuxubha amazinyo noma ukugeza.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu njalo. Yabelana naye ngezinto ezikukhathazayo nemicabango yakho. Uzokusiza ukuthi uthole indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema ukusabela futhi usebenzise umuthi ngendlela efanele.

Ngakho ungakhathazeki. Uma uqaphela futhi uphatha kahle, ungaphila ngenjabulo ngisho noma une-atopy.

I- Atopy, ukungezwani komzimba, izifo zesikhumba, i-asthma, amasosha omzimba, i-IgE, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, izimbangela