Ingabe une-blood clot emthanjeni engalweni yakho? (I-Axillo-Subclavian Vein Thrombosis) - Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu obubukhali obungazelelwe engalweni yakho, ukuvuvukala, noma umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Noma ingabe ingalo yakho izwakala indikindiki noma inzima? Lezi akuzona izimpawu okufanele uzishaye indiva. Kungaba yi-blood clot emthanjeni omkhulu engalweni noma ekhwapheni lakho. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi (i-Axillo-Subclavian Vein Thrombosis) noma (i-ASVT) . Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini lokhu (i-Axillo-Subclavian Vein Thrombosis)?

Kalula nje, i-Axillo-Subclavian Vein Thrombosis (ASVT) yilapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni we-subclavian , umthambo omkhulu ehlombe lakho, noma emthanjeni we-axillary, umthambo osekhwapheni lakho. Cabanga ngemithambo yakho njengemibhobho yamanzi. Uma ubambo noma ucezu lwenyama eduze kwalo mthambo lucindezelwa kulo, lungavimba ukugeleza kwegazi futhi lubangele ukwakheka kwehlule legazi.

Lesi simo sivame ukubangelwa ukulimala engalweni yakho engenhla, noma ukucindezeleka engalweni yakho ngenxa yokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe. Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuthi i-Paget-Schroetter syndrome , kanti abanye basibiza ngokuthi i-effort-induced thrombosis , okusho ukuthi "i-blood clot ebangelwa ukuzikhandla."

Ingabe lokhu (i-Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) akuvamile?

Yebo, ungaba naleyo nkinga. (ASVT) empeleni uhlobo lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi (Deep Vein Thrombosis) noma (DVT) . (DVT) yilapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni ojulile emzimbeni. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi uma sikhuluma nge (DVT) sikhuluma ngamahlule egazi akhiwa emilenzeni. Avame ukubangelwa izinto ezifana nokukhuluphala, ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba, ukuguga, noma ezinye izifo ezihlobene nemithambo.

Kodwa-ke, amahlule egazi esandleni, abizwa ngokuthi i-ASVT, avame ukwenzeka ngenxa yengozi noma ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwesandla. Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwalezi zimo ezimbili ngezinye izikhathi kungahluka.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu (i-ASVT)?

Nakuba noma ubani engathola lesi simo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ihlala isebenza, ngokuvamile inempilo .
• Intsha ephakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-45 .
• Abantu abadlala imidlalo (isib. ababhowuli abasheshayo kukhilikithi, ababhukudi, abaphakamisa izinsimbi) noma abantu abasebenza izingalo zabo ziphakanyisiwe njalo (isib. abapendi, ochwepheshe bakagesi, abantu abenza imisebenzi yokuphakamisa okunzima). Cabanga nje, uma usebenza izingalo zakho ziphakanyisiwe futhi zisontekile ngendlela efanayo, ingcindezi ifakwa kuleyo mithambo.
• Abantu abanezinkinga ezithile zofuzo zokujiya kwegazi .

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-(ASVT)?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-(ASVT):

1. I-ASVT Eyinhloko:Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, olubangelwa ukunyakaza okunzima nokuphindaphindayo kwesandla.

2. I-ASVT yesibili: Lokhu kubangelwa amanye amadivayisi ezokwelapha afakwe esifubeni sakho esingaphezulu. Isibonelo:

• (I-catheter ephakathi kwemithambo yegazi) (ipayipi elifakwe emthanjeni oyinhloko)
• (I-Defibrillator) (idivayisi ebuyisela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo)
• (I-Pacemaker) (idivayisi elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo)
• (Indawo yokwelapha) (Ithuluzi elincane elibekwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ukuze linikeze imithi)

Lawa madivayisi angabangela futhi ukuthi imithambo yegazi iqine futhi kwakheke amahlule egazi.

Kuvamile kangakanani (i-ASVT)?

Empeleni, i-ASVT ayisona isimo esivamile kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, yenzeka kubantu oyedwa noma ababili kwabayi-100,000 ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, yi-10% kuya ku-20% kuphela yazo zonke i-DVTs ezingenhla ezibangelwa yi-ASVT. Ngakho-ke, kusukela kulowo mbono, iyinani elibalulekile.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-(ASVT)?

Uma une-ASVT, ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu besandla: Ukuqala ngokuzumayo, ngezinye izikhathi kube kubi kakhulu.
• Imithambo ebonakalayo ezandleni: Imithambo ingase ibonakale ikhukhumele ngenxa yokugeleza kwegazi okunciphile.
• Umbala wesikhumba oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Cyanosis): Isikhumba ezandleni singase sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo.
• Ukuzwa usinda noma ukukhathala esandleni: Ungase ukuthole kunzima ukuphakamisa noma ukuhambisa isandla sakho.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesandla ngokuzumayo: Isandla siqala ukuvuvukala ngokuzumayo.

Okubalulekile, kwezinye izimo (10% - 20%) leli hlule legazi lingaphuma emthanjeni, lidlule egazini, bese liya emaphashini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) . Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu . Singabangela umonakalo omkhulu emaphashini, futhi singasongela ngisho nokuphila. Ngakho-ke, uma uqala ukubhekana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi.

Kungani lokhu (i-ASVT) kwenzeka?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, imbangela enkulu ukunyakaza kwengalo okuphindaphindiwe. Cabanga nje, uhlala uphakamisa izinsimbi noma udlala imidlalo. Khona-ke imisipha ezungeze ihlombe lakho kanye nekhwapha ingakhathala futhi ivuvuke. Le misipha evuvukele ingacindezela imithambo yegazi lapho (ikakhulukazi imithambo ye-subclavian noma ye-axillary).

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kucindezela kungalimaza udonga lwemithambo futhi kubangele ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda. Umthambo ube usuncipha ngaphakathi, unciphise inani legazi elingageleza kuwo. Lokhu kungaholela ekugelezeni kwegazi okungekuhle kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi i-Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS).Kubizwa nangokuthi. Kusho ukuthi isikhala engxenyeni engenhla yesifuba (indawo yokukhipha isifuba) sinciphile, okubangela ingcindezi emithanjeni nasezinzwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-ASVT ingabangelwa ukungajwayelekile kombambo wokuqala, noma izinguquko emisipheni noma emisipheni ezungeze imithambo emakhwapheni nasemahlombe.

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu (i-ASVT)?

Uma uya kudokotela onezimpawu okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni, uzokuhlola kuqala. Udokotela uzokwazi ukubona izinto ezifana nokuvuvukala esandleni sakho, izinguquko zombala, kanye nokuvuvuka kwemithambo yegazi ngokushesha.

Ngemuva kwalokho, kungadingeka wenze izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi:

• (I-Duplex ultrasound): Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukuhlolwa kokuqala okwenziwayo. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubheka ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi nokubona ukuthi kukhona yini amahlule egazi. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula nokungenabuhlungu.
• I-venography eqondiswa yi-catheter: Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa. Kulesi sivivinyo, ithubhu elincane, elincane (i-catheter) lidluliselwa emthanjeni liye lapho kucatshangwa ukuthi liyi-clot yegazi, bese kufakwa idayi ekhethekile emthanjeni nge-catheter. Kube sekuthathwa ama-X-ray ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umthambo uvalekile kuphi nokuthi i-clot inkulu kangakanani.
• (I-CTA - i-computerized tomography angiography): Lokhu kufana ne-CT scan, kodwa kubheka ngqo imithambo yegazi. Kwenziwa nangokufaka udayi.
• (MRA - i-magnetic resonance angiography): Ukuhlolwa okusebenzisa i-MRI scan ukubheka imithambo yegazi.

Lezi zivivinyo zinganquma ngqo ukuthi isimo (i-ASVT) sikhona yini, sikuphi, nokuthi sibi kangakanani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha (i-ASVT)?

Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ze-ASVT. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kubizwa ngokuthi i-thrombolysis noma i-thrombolytic therapy .

Lokhu kuhilela ukujova umuthi oncibilikisa ihlule legazi bese ulisusa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ngqo emthanjeni lapho ihlule legazi litholakala khona ngepayipi elincane (i-catheter) . Lokhu kuncibilikisa ihlule legazi futhi kubuyisele ukugeleza kwegazi emthanjeni.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kwelashwa (kwe-thrombolysis) kuhambisana nento ebizwa ngokuthi (i-thrombectomy) . Okusho ukuthi, ukususwa kwehlule legazi, kungaba ngomshini noma ngokuhlinzwa okuncane.

Ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa, uzonikezwa imithi yokunciphisa igazi, njenge-Warfarin noma eminye imithi yesimanje, izinyanga eziningana ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi futhi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha lo muthi isikhathi esiqondile udokotela wakho akutshele sona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uzokunikeza neseluleko esilandelayo:

• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwesandla esithintekile kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziphela ngokuphelele.
• Gcina izingalo zakho ziphakeme kancane uma kungenzeka (ukuphakama kwezingalo).
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimbaBheka. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole ukunyakaza namandla esandleni sakho.
• Gqoka isivikelo sokucindezela (njengesokisi eliqinile) engalweni ethintekile. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala nokuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi.

Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuzodingeka?

Kwezinye izimo, yebo. Kungase kunconywe ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ngokuphelele ukuvaleka nokunciphisa ingozi yokwakheka kwamahlule egazi futhi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukususa ukuvaleka. Isibonelo, ucezu lwembambo yokuqala noma ucezu lwenyama olubangela ukuvaleka lungasuswa. Lokhu kuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ngokukhululeka emthanjeni.

Yini esingayenza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-(ASVT)?

Nakuba kungenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi:

• Njalo shukumisa imisipha engalweni yakho ngobumnene futhi uhlanganyele ekuzilolongeni okufana nokulula .
• Ungazisebenzisi kakhulu imisipha yakho ngaso sonke isikhathi .
• Uma uphakamisa izinsimbi noma uzivocavoca ngamandla, phumula phakathi nokuzivocavoca .
• Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, zama ukusebenza ngengalo yakho engalawuleki . (isib. uma usebenzisa isandla sokudla, sebenzisa ingalo yakho yesobunxele uma kungenzeka).

Sizoba njani isimo ngemva kokwelashwa?

Iningi labantu abane-ASVT liphila kahle kakhulu ngemva kokwelashwa. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi uma lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi, ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu ziqala, kuba nezinga lempumelelo elingu-90% kuya ku-95% .

Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nenkinga ebizwa ngokuthi i-Post-thrombotic Syndrome (PTS) . Kulokhu, izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besikhathi eside, ukusinda, nokuvuvukala engalweni ethintekile zingase ziqhubeke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa.

Kufanele simbone nini udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-ASVT, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ungalibali, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuba ndikindiki ezingalweni noma emilenzeni zombili
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)

Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo esiyingozi njenge-Pulmonary Embolism (PE).

(ASVT) Uma kunjalo, yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi une-ASVT, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila engingayenza ukuze nginciphise ingozi yami yokuqhekeka kwegazi?
• Ngingaqhubeka yini nokuzivocavoca futhi ngenze umsebenzi wezandla?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi futhi?
• Udinga ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi isikhathi esingakanani?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngithemba ukuthi usunokuqonda okungcono ngalokho esikuxoxe namuhla (i-Axillo-Subclavian Vein Thrombosis - ASVT). Ngamafuphi:

• (ASVT) yilapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni omkhulu engalweni noma ekhwapheni lakho.
• Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngoba isandla sisetshenziswa ngendlela eqhubekayo nekhathazayo.
• Ungakusola uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obungazelelwe, ukuvuvukala, kanye nesikhumba esiluhlaza esandleni sakho.
• I-Thrombolysis (umuthi wokuncibilikisa amahlule egazi) kanye ne -thrombectomy (ukususwa kwamahlule egazi) yizona zindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa. Uma wenza kanjalo, unethuba elingcono kakhulu lokululama ngokugcwele.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Hlala uphilile!

i- axillo-subclavian vein thrombosis, i-ASVT, i-blood clot, i-arm veins, ubuhlungu behlombe, ukuvuvukala kwengalo, i-DVT, i-Pulmonary Embolism, i-Paget-Schroetter syndrome