Singakhuluma nge-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy namuhla?

Wake wazizwa sengathi ubona izinto ezincane ezimnyama zintanta phambi kwamehlo akho? Noma mhlawumbe umbono wakho awucacile? Lokhu kungaba okuvamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwenkinga engaphakathi kweso lakho. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo samehlo esingavamile esingalawulwa uma selashwa kahle.

Kuyini lokhu (i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)?

Kalula nje, i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy, noma i-BSCR ngamafuphi, yisifo sokuvuvukala esingavamile esenzeka ngaphakathi kweso. Akusona isimo esingapheli , okusho ukuthi asibi ngcono esikhathini esifushane, kodwa isimo esiqhubekayo. Uma singelashwa kahle, singaholela ekushintsheni kwamehlo unomphela noma ngisho nasekulahlekelweni umbono ngokuphelele.

(BSCR) yisifo esibi kakhulu esiseqenjini lezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi "i-Uveitis", ezilimaza izicubu ezingaphakathi kweso. Sihilela kakhulu ukuvuvukala kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• I-Retina : Lolu ulwelwesi oluzwela ukukhanya ngemuva kweso lethu. Lufana nefilimu ekhamera. Izithombe esizibonayo ziqoshwa lapha.
• I-Choroid : Lokhu kutholakala ngaphansi kwe-retina. Lolu ulwelwesi oluxhumanisa i-retina nengxenye emhlophe yeso, futhi lunikeze igazi kwi-retina, okungukuthi, eliyondlayo.

Isici esivelele kakhulu salesi sifo ukubonakala kwamabala amancane, aqandayo, anombala okhilimu engxenyeni ejulile ye-retina kanye nongqimba olungaphezulu lwe-choroid. Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukufaka izinto ezimnyama ezintanta phambi kwamehlo (ama-floaters) , umbono ofiphele , noma kokubili. Lesi simo sivame ukuthinta womabili amehlo .

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo ungaholela ezimweni ezifana ne -cystoid macular edema noma i-glaucoma . Nakuba kungekho ikhambi, i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy iyisifo esingelapheka . Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze ukwelashwa kuphumelele.

Ubani othola i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Empeleni, lesi sifo singakhula kunoma ubani. Kodwa sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abamhlophe abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-60. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi izingane zibe nalesi sifo.

Zikhona yini ezinye izifo ezifana nalezi (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)?

Yebo, ezinye izifo eziningana, okuhlanganisa nezinye izifo eqenjini le-Uveitis, zingaba nezimpawu ezifanayo neze-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele. Ezinye zezifo ezingafana ne-BSCR yilezi:

• I-Lymphoma (uhlobo lomdlavuza)
• I-Sarcoidosis (isifo esibangela ukuvuvukala okuncane ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba)
• `(Sympathetic ophthalmia)` (Uhlobo olungavamile lwe-uveitis olubangelwa ukulimala kwamehlo)
• I-Syphilis (isifo esithathelwana ngocansi)
• `(Isifo se-ocular histoplasmosis esicatshangelwayo (POHS))` (Isimo esithinta amehlo esibangelwa ukutheleleka kwesikhunta)
• `(Isifo Sofuba)` (Isifo Sofuba)
• `(I-Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome)` (isifo esithinta isimiso sezinzwa, esithinta umbono nokuzwa)

Kukhona futhi iqembu lezifo zokuvuvukala ezibizwa ngokuthi "ama-White dot syndromes", angabonisa nezimpawu ze-BSCR. Lezi zibangela "izilonda" ku-retina kanye ne-choroid. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• `(I-Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (i-APPMPPE))`
• `(I-Multifocal choroiditis kanye ne-panuveitis (MCP))`
• `(I-Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS))`
• `(I-Punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC))`

Kungani lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Empeleni lesi yisifo esisha impela, esachazwa okokuqala ngo-1949. Kwaze kwaba ngo-1980 lapho odokotela ababili bamehlo basiqamba igama elithi "(Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)". Isizathu ukuthi kunezindawo ezi-oval ezi-cream nezi-orenji ezisakazeke kulo lonke i-retina. Leli gama livela eqinisweni lokuthi iphethini yalezi zindawo ifana nephethini yezinhlamvu ezincane (i-birdshot) ezisetshenziselwa ukudubula izinyoni. Cabanga nje, kunezindawo ngaphakathi kweso, njengezinhlamvu ezihlakazekile lapho kudubula isibhamu.

Ingabe kukhona amanye amagama alokhu?

Yebo, kunezinye amagama amaningana asetshenziswa kulesi sifo (i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy):

• `(I-Birdshot chorioretinitis)`
• `(i-birdshot retinochoroiditis)`
• `(i-birdshot retinochoroidopathy)`
• `(Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi)`
• `(BSCR)` (igama elifushane)
• `(I-Postterior uveitis)` (i-uveitis eyenzeka ngemuva kweso)
• `(I-Vitiliginous choroiditis)`

Ivame kangakanani i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Lesi yisifo esingavamile kakhulu . Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi sithinta abantu abangaphansi koyedwa kwabayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho naseSri Lanka, kungase kube nabantu abanalesi sifo, kodwa inani lincane kakhulu.

Yini ebangela i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Abacwaningi abakayazi imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo, kodwa basola ukuthi yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba . Kalula nje, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba, luhlasela ngephutha izicubu zethu ezinempilo.

Abantu abangaphezu kuka-90% abatholakale benalesi sifo (BSCR) bane-antibody gene (i-molecule evuselela amasosha omzimba) ebizwa ngokuthi `(HLA-A29)` emizimbeni yabo. Lokhu kuyinto ezuzwe njengefa kubazali. Kodwa-ke, `(HLA-A29)` akudingekile ukuze kukhule (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy). Futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nalesi sifo kodwa ungasithuthukisi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu.Isifo esiqhubekayo yisifo esiba sibi kancane kancane esikhathini esingangezinyanga kuya eminyakeni.

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy zivame ukuba:

• Ukubona izinto ezimnyama zintanta phambi kwamehlo (ama-floater)
• Umbono ofiphele

Lesi simo ngokuvamile asibangeli ubuhlungu noma ukubomvu kwamehlo . Kodwa-ke, ungase ubhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Umbono uyashintsha noma umbono unciphile.
• Ukwehla kokubona okungaphandle noma ubunzima bokwahlulela ibanga.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu emehlweni (umfutho wegazi ophezulu emehlweni).
• Ubumpumputhe basebusuku (nyctalopia) (ukubona okungekuhle ebusuku).
• Izinkinga zokubona imibala (`(ubumpumputhe bombala)`), ubunzima bokuhlukanisa imibala ethile (`(dyschromatopsia)`.
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya okukhulu noma ukukhanya okukhanyayo (i-photophobia).

Abanye abantu bangase babe nezinguquko ezingavamile zokubona noma izinkinga zokuqonda. Isibonelo:

• Umphumela wefeni yophahla : Uma uvala amehlo akho, kubonakala sengathi ifeni yophahla noma umshini womoya uyajikeleza.
• Ukubona ukukhanya noma ukukhanya okukhanyayo (photopsia) noma ukubona izimo ezisontekile (metamorphopsia) .
• Umbono ofiphele, okhanyayo, njengokungathi ubheka emanzini noma engilazini engcolile .

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izimo ezifana ne-cataract noma i-glaucoma zingavela. Lokhu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokubona ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa kokuvuvukala. I-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy ingaholela ezinkingeni engxenyeni ephakathi ye-retina, njenge-cystoid macular edema kanye ne-epiretinal membranes.

Itholakala kanjani i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Lesi sifo ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukusithola ngoba siyisifo esingavamile futhi amabala ahlukile angase angabonakali ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo.

Odokotela bamehlo bavame ukuxilonga i-BSCR ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Baphinde benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze bahlole ukuthi unayo yini i-antibody ye-HLA-A29.

Odokotela bangasebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuze bakuqaphe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okudingayo.

Ingabe ikhona ikhambi eliphelele le-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi eliphelele lalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi , izimpawu zingancishiswa futhi lesi sifo singavinjelwa ekubeni sibi kakhulu.

Khumbula: into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa!

Ubani ongaba seqenjini lami lokwelapha?

Ithimba lakho lokunakekela lizoncoma ukwelashwa, likuqaphe, futhi lilungise imithi yakho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho kanye nemiphumela emibi. Ithimba lakho lingafaka:

• Udokotela wamehlo : Udokotela oyinhloko osebenza ngamehlo.
• Udokotela Wezinzwa : Ngoba ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zithinta izinso.
• Isazi sokulwa namagciwane emehlweni: Udokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ezinkingeni zesimiso sokuzivikela samehlo.
• Isazi sezifo zamalunga: Udokotela ogxile ezifweni ezihlobene nokuvuvukala emzimbeni, ngoba lokhu futhi kuyisifo sokuvuvukala.
• Udokotela Wamathambo : Ngoba ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zithinta amathambo.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuncike ebunzimeni besimo sakho nokuthi sishintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emehlweni akho nokuvimbela noma ukubuyisela okunye kokubona okulahlekile .

Odokotela bavame ukuqale banikeze imithamo ephezulu ye-corticosteroids (uhlobo lwemithi ye-steroid) ukulawula ukuvuvukala kwamehlo. Ngemuva kwalokho, umthamo uncishiswa kancane kancane ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yemiphumela emibi. Ungathola ama-steroid ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Amaconsi eso
• Imithi yomlomo
• Ithuluzi elincane elifakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphakathi esweni (i-intravitreal implant)
• Umjovo
• Inikezwa emthanjeni (nge-IV - ngemithambo yegazi)

Abantu abaningi badinga futhi ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba isikhathi eside . Le mithi ivimba amasosha omzimba wakho ekuhlaseleni amehlo akho. Kungasetshenziswa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• `(Ama-alkylating agents)`
• `(Imithi ye-Antimetabolite)`
• `(Izidakamizwa zebhayoloji)` (izidakamizwa zebhayoloji)
• `(Ukudluliselwa kwamaseli e-T/izithibi ze-calcineurin)`

Ingabe ukwelashwa nge-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy (Birdshot Chorioretinopathy) kungaba nemiphumela emibi?

Yebo, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-steroid kanye nemithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba kungabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu . Isibonelo, izinkinga zesisu (izilonda, izilonda) noma izinkinga zamathambo (i-osteoporosis) zingavela. Le mithi ingandisa nengozi yokuthola i-cataract noma i-glaucoma.

Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha ukuze athole noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi futhi akunikeze eminye imithi uma kudingeka. Uma uthatha ama-steroid omlomo, udokotela wakho uzokuhlola ukuthi amathambo akho aphelelwe yini (i-osteoporosis) kanye nengozi yakho yokuphuka.

Udokotela wakhoKunganconywa futhi ukuskena ubuningi bamathambo. Imithi (ama-bisphosphonates) inganikezwa futhi ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwamathambo.

Hlobo luni lokuqapha isikhathi eside engiludingayo (BSCR)?

Qaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko noma izinkinga esimweni sakho. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukuze ahlole ukuthi izinso zakho, isibindi, kanye nomnkantsha zisebenza kahle kangakanani. Cishe uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo, ukuhlolwa kwensimu yokubona, kanye nokuskena kwe-optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Ngingayinciphisa yini ingozi yami yokuthola i-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Okwamanje ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela lesi sifo. Ezimweni eziningi, kukholakala ukuthi sibangelwa yi-antibody gene ethile (i-antigen) ezuzwe njengefa kumalungu omndeni.

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo kungasiza ekutholeni izimpawu zokuqala zesifo, ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele uma kudingeka. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona emndenini wakho onezinkinga zamehlo.

Iyini inhloso ye-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy?

Umbono walesi sifo uyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu . Kuncike ebunzimeni besimo kanye nempumelelo yokwelashwa. Ezimweni ezincane, ukwelashwa kungasiza ekugcineni noma ngisho nokuthuthukisa umbono.

Kufanele ngifune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha nge-(Birdshot Chorioretinopathy)?

Kubalulekile ukufuna ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa ngokushesha kudokotela wamehlo we-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy. Ngisho noma umbono wakho ubonakala uphilile, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kungabona ukuvuvukala okuphansi.

Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, izinguquko zezimpawu, noma umbono ovela emithini yakho. Unganikwa omunye umuthi uma kudingeka. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngezinketho ezikulungele.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

(I-Birdshot Chorioretinopathy) yisifo esingavamile kodwa esingelapheka . Ngakho-ke ungesabi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo akho njalo bese ulandela izincomo zikadokotela wakho . Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungakuvikela kanjani ukubona kwakho nokuvimbela izinkinga. Khona-ke uzokwazi ukubona umhlaba ngokucacile isikhathi eside. Nakekela amehlo akho, ngoba ayigugu kakhulu!

I- Birdshot Chorioretinopathy, Izifo Zamehlo, Ukukhubazeka Kokubona, I-Uveitis, I-Retina, Izifo Zokuzivikela Emzimbeni, Ukwelashwa Kwamehlo