Wake wacabanga nje ngokuthi inqubo yokuphefumula imangalisa futhi iyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani? Ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele, lokhu kwenzeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili ngosuku. Ngesikhathi silele, sisebenza, futhi sidlala, iqhawe eliyinhloko ngemuva kwalo msebenzi omangalisayo wokunikeza imizimba yethu umoya-mpilo odingekayo, okungukuthi, umoya-mpilo , nokukhipha amagesi angadingekile, amaphaphu ethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngamaphaphu, abalulekile empilweni yethu.
Ayini amaphaphu? Akuphi?
Kalula nje, amaphaphu ayingxenye eyinhloko yesimiso sethu sokuphefumula , inethiwekhi yezitho ezihilelekile ekuphefumuleni kwethu. Sinamaphaphu amabili. Atholakala esifubeni sethu, okuyindawo ephakathi kwentamo nesisu, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Siphinde sikubize ngokuthi isifuba.
Amaphaphu ethu awafani ncamashi. Kunomehluko omncane.
Iphaphu Elingakwesokudla
Iphaphu langakwesokudla lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ama-lobes' . Lifushane kancane kunephaphu langakwesokunxele, kodwa libanzi. Amaphaphu ethu womabili ambozwe ulwelwesi oluvikelayo olubizwa ngokuthi 'izicubu ze-pleural' .
Iphaphu Lesobunxele
Iphaphu lesobunxele linama-lobes amabili. Leli lincane kunelingakwesokudla. Isizathu salokho ukwenza indawo yenhliziyo yethu. Inhliziyo yethu itholakala lapho kufanele kube khona phakathi kwephaphu lesobunxele. Ngakho-ke ephaphu lesobunxele, kunesikhala esincane esisikiwe ukuze silingane nenhliziyo, esisibiza ngokuthi 'i-cardiac notch' .
Kwenzekani ngempela emaphashini?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamaphaphu ukuhlinzeka nge-oxygen kumaseli emzimbeni wethu nokususa i-carbon dioxide, umkhiqizo ongcolile okhiqizwa amaseli, emzimbeni. Le nqubo yenzeka izikhathi ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-20 ngomzuzu.
Zicabange uphefumula kancane.
1. Uma uphefumula ngekhala noma ngomlomo, umoya udlula ngemuva komphimbo wakho ungene ku-trachea yakho, umphimbo womoya oyinhloko.
2. Bese lo mphimbo uhlukana ube amagatsha amabili. Siwabiza ngokuthi 'amapayipi e-bronchial' . Elinye lixhuma ephashini langakwesokudla, kanti elinye lixhuma ephashini langakwesokunxele.
3. Ngaphakathi emaphashini, la mapayipi ahlukana abe amagatsha amancane abizwa ngokuthi 'i-bronchi' kanye namapayipi amancane abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-bronchioles' .
4. Ekugcineni, lezi ziteshi ezincane zixhuma eqoqweni lamasaka amancane omoya abukeka njengeqoqo lamagilebhisi. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-alveoli' . Lawa yiwona asebenza kahle kakhulu emaphashini ethu. Yingala masaka omoya lapho umoya-mpilo osemoyeni esiwuphefumulayo ufakwa khona egazini.
Ngemva kokumunca umoya-mpilo, igazi liyaphuma emaphashini liye enhliziyweni. Ukusuka lapho, inhliziyo ipompa leli gazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Yilapho-ke wonke amaseli nezicubu emzimbeni wethu zithola umoya-mpilo eliwudingayo ukuze ziphile.
Uma amangqamuzana omzimba esebenzisa umoya-mpilo, akhiqiza i-carbon dioxide njengomkhiqizo ongcolile. Ibuyela egazini bese iya emaphashini. Uma sikhipha umoya, le gesi ye-carbon dioxide engadingeki iyaphuma emzimbeni.
Ukuze amaphaphu asebenze kahle, le migudu yokuphefumula kumele ivuleke uma siphefumula singena futhi siphuma. Akufanele futhi kube nokuvuvukala noma ukunqwabelana kwamafinyila ngokweqile.
Amaphaphu azivikela kanjani?
Uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula lunezindlela eziningana ezimangalisayo zokuzivikela zokuvimbela izinto eziyingozi njengothuli namagciwane emoyeni ukuthi zingangeni emaphashini ethu lapho siphefumula.
- Izinwele ezincane ekhaleni: Lezi zisebenza njengesihlungi esihlanza umoya. Zivimbela izinto ezinjengezinhlayiya ezinkulu zothuli ukuthi zingangeni ekhaleni.
- I-mucus ekhiqizwa kumapayipi e-trachea kanye ne-bronchial: Le mucus igcina izindlela zomoya zimanzi. Iphinde ibambe izinto ezifana nothuli namagciwane.
- I-Cilia: Lezi yizakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele emigudwini yethu yomoya. Ziya phezulu njalo, zisunduza amafinyila nezinye izinto eziyingozi ziye emphinjeni. Singabe sesizikhwehlela noma sizigwinye. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani ukubhema kuyingozi ukuthi lezi cilia zonakaliswa yintuthu.
Izifo nezimo ezivamile ezithinta amaphaphu
Ngeshwa, kunezimo eziningi ezingathinta amaphaphu ethu. Ezinye zincane, kanti ezinye zingaba yingozi futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngezansi kunezinye ezivamile.
| Igama Lesimo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isifuba somoya | Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yokuvaleka komoya. |
| I-Bronchitis | Uphawu oluyinhloko ukukhwehlela. Lokhu kungaba isikhathi esifushane noma eside (okungapheli). |
| Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) | Isifo sokuphefumula esiba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi esingelapheki ngokuphelele. |
| Inyumoniya | Igciwane elingena emaphashini lingabangela uketshezi olugcwele amaphaphu, okungadinga ngisho nokulaliswa esibhedlela. |
| Isifo sofuba | Ukutheleleka okuthinta kakhulu amaphaphu, kodwa kungathinta nezinye izingxenye zomzimba. |
| Umdlavuza wamaphaphu | Isici esiyinhloko esiyingozi somdlavuza wamaphaphu ukubhema. |
| I-Covid-19 (i-COVID-19) | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okungabangela ukugula kokuphefumula okuncane kuya kokubi kakhulu. |
Yiziphi izimpawu zesifo samaphaphu?
Uma unenkinga yamaphaphu, ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo. Lezi ngokuqinisekile kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele .
- Ukuphelelwa umoya : Ukuphelelwa umoya ngisho nalapho wenza imisebenzi emincane.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba : Ubuhlungu obuba bubi kakhulu lapho uphefumula kakhulu noma ukhwehlela.
- Ukukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ikakhulukazi okuhlala amasonto. I-phlegm enegazi.
- Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu njalo.
- Ukushaya komoya: Umsindo wokushaya kwekhwela ovela esifubeni.
- Ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala nezinyawo: Lokhu kungabonakala nakwezinye izifo zamaphaphu.
Uma uqhubeka nokuba nalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko.
Ungayihlola kanjani impilo yamaphaphu?
Uma uya kudokotela, angakuhlola futhi athole imibono ethile ngamaphaphu akho. Isibonelo:
- Isifuba silalelwa nge-stethoscope futhi sihlolwe ukuthi akukho misindo engavamile (ukuklwebheka, ukuphefumula).
- Ubala inani lokuphefumula okuthathayo ngomzuzu.
- Idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-Pulse Oximeter inamathiselwa emunweni futhi ilinganisa izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kungadingeka ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile isimo.
Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zamaphaphu
Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone isimo ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu akho.
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- Ukuskena kwe-CT
- Ukuskena nge-ultrasound
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI
Ukuhlolwa Komsebenzi Wamaphaphu
Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
- I-Spirometry: Ukuhlolwa okukala ukuthi ungaphefumula ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi ungakanani umoya.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuhamba ngezinyawo kwemizuzu eyisithupha: Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi amazinga akho e-oxygen kanye nesilinganiso senhliziyo yakho kushintsha kanjani njengoba uhamba imizuzu eyi-6.
Izinqubo ezingadinga i-anesthesia
Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukuthumela ikhamera emaphashini ukuze ibheke ngaphakathi noma ithathe ucezu lwezicubu (i-biopsy) ukuze ihlolwe.
- I-Bronchoscopy: Inqubo lapho kudluliswa khona ipayipi eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera encane emigudwini yomoya ukuze kuhlolwe amaphaphu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezicubu emaphashini: Kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu emaphashini bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
Izinto esingazenza ukuze sigcine amaphaphu ethu ephilile
Kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sigcine amaphaphu ethu ephilile, kanye nokulawula isifo samaphaphu uma sinaso.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Lena yinto engcono kakhulu nebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza. Yeka ukubhema ugwayi, utshwala, kanye nokubhema i-vaping.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Njengoba isisindo somzimba sanda, ikakhulukazi lapho amafutha eqongelela esiswini, ikhono lamaphaphu lokukhula liyancishiswa.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo:Ukuzivocavoca kwandisa amandla amaphaphu. Kodwa-ke, uma usaqala ukuzivocavoca, thintana nodokotela wakho kuqala.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ulwelwesi emaphashini akho futhi kwenze kube lula ukulukhipha.
- Zivikele ezifweni: Geza izandla zakho njalo. Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo. Thola imijovo enconyelwa udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amaphaphu akho ayilungu elibaluleke kakhulu elihlinzeka nge-oxygen emzimbeni futhi lisuse i-carbon dioxide.
- Ukubhema kuwumonakalo omkhulu kakhulu ongawenza emaphashini akho. Ukuze ugcine amaphaphu akho ephilile, kudingeka uyeke ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ubuhlungu besifuba. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo samaphaphu. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba) kusiza kakhulu ekuvikeleni impilo yamaphaphu akho.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho