Wake wama wacabanga ukuthi isenzo sokuphefumula simangalisa futhi siyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani? Ngaphandle kokuqaphela, kwenzeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-20,000 ngosuku. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulele, usebenza, noma udlala, iqhawe langempela elisebenza ngemuva kwezigcawu ukuhlinzeka ngomoya-mpilo odingwa umzimba wakho ngenkathi ususa amagesi angcolile yiMaphaphu akho. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalezi zitho ezibalulekile empilweni yakho eNirogi Lanka.
Ziyini iziphaphu zakho futhi zikuphi?
Kalula nje, amaphaphu akho ayizitho eziyinhloko zesimiso sakho sokuphefumula —inethiwekhi yezitho eziphethe ukuphefumula. Unamaphaphu amabili, atholakala esifubeni sakho, afakwe ngokuphephile phakathi kwentamo yakho nesisu sakho.
Amaphaphu akho amabili awafani; anomehluko ohlukile.
Iphaphu Elingakwesokudla
Iphaphu lakho langakwesokudla lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu ezibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-lobes.' Lifushane kancane kodwa libanzi kunephaphu langakwesokunxele. Womabili amaphaphu avikelwe yi-membrane ethambile ebizwa ngokuthi 'izicubu ze-pleural.'
Iphaphu Lesobunxele
Iphaphu lakho lesobunxele linama-lobes amabili kuphela futhi lincane kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lidinga ukuvula isikhala senhliziyo yakho. Kukhona ukugoba okuncane ephaphu lesobunxele ukuze kungene inhliziyo, esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-cardiac notch.'
Yini ngempela eyenziwa amaphaphu akho?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wamaphaphu akho ukuhlinzeka nge- oxygen amangqamuzana akho ayidingayo ukuze asinde nokususa i-carbon dioxide , umkhiqizo ongcolile okhiqizwa amangqamuzana akho. Le nqubo yenzeka cishe izikhathi ezingu-12 kuya kwezingu-20 ngomzuzu ngamunye.
Cabanga ngalokho okwenzekayo uma uphefumula:
1. Njengoba uphefumula ngekhala noma ngomlomo, umoya uhamba udlule emphinjeni wakho, ngebhokisi lakho lezwi (i-larynx), bese ungena emphinjeni wakho oyinhloko, i -trachea .
2. I-trachea ibe isihlukana ibe amagatsha amabili abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-bronchial tubes,' elinye liholela emaphashini ngalinye.
3. Ngaphakathi emaphashini akho, la mapayipi asakazeka kabanzi aye ezindleleni ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-bronchi' kanye nezincane kakhulu ezaziwa ngokuthi 'i-bronchioles.'
4. Ekugcineni, la mapayipi amancane axhumeka ezikhwameni zomoya ezincane ezibukeka njengeziqoqo zamagilebhisi, ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-alveoli.' Lawa amandla angempela emaphashini akho. Yilezi zikhwameni lapho umoya-mpilo owuphefumulayo udluliselwa khona egazini lakho.
Uma igazi selimunce umoya-mpilo, liphuma emaphashini liye enhliziyweni, okuphampa leli gazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke, londla wonke amaseli nezicubu.
Uma amangqamuzana akho esebenzisa umoya-mpilo, akhiqiza i-carbon dioxide njengemfucuza. Lemfucuza ibuyela emuva egazini lakho iye emaphashini, lapho uyikhipha khona emoyeni.
Ukuze amaphaphu akho asebenze kahle, izindlela zakho zokuphefumula kumele zihlale zivulekile futhi zicacile. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuvuvukala noma ukunqwabelana kwamafinyila ngokweqile.
Amaphaphu akho azivikela kanjani?
Uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula lunezindlela zokuzivikela ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokuvimba uthuli, amagciwane , nezinye izinto ezicasulayo ukuthi zingangeni emaphashini akho:
- Izinwele Zasekhaleni:Lokhu kusebenza njengesihlungi semvelo, kubamba izinhlayiya ezinkulu zothuli ngaphambi kokuba zifike emaphashini akho.
- I-Mucus: Amapayipi akho e-trachea kanye ne-bronchial akhiqiza i-mucus ukuze igcine imigudu yomoya imanzi futhi ibambe amagciwane noma uthuli.
- I-Cilia: Lezi yizakhiwo ezincane, ezifana nezinwele ezihlala zikhuphuka, zisunduza amafinyila kanye nemfucumfucu ebanjiwe ziye emphinjeni wakho ukuze ukwazi ukuzisusa ngokukhwehlela noma ngokugwinya. Enye yezingozi eziyinhloko zokubhema ukuthi kulimaza la ma-cilia, kuzivimbele ekwenzeni umsebenzi wazo.
Izimo zamaphaphu ezivamile
Ngeshwa, izimo eziningi zingathinta amaphaphu. Nakuba ezinye zithambile, ezinye zingamahlalakhona noma zimbi kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zezimo ezivamile:
| Igama Lesimo | Ngamagama Alula |
|---|---|
| Isifuba somoya | Ubunzima bokuphefumula obubangelwa ukuncishiswa kwemigudu yomoya. |
| I-Bronchitis | Kubonakaliswa ukukhwehlela; kungaba okubukhali noma okungamahlalakhona. |
| I-COPD | Isifo samaphaphu esiqhubekayo, esihlala isikhathi eside esenza ukuphefumula kube nzima ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Inyumoniya | Ukutheleleka okubangela ukuvuvukala kanye noketshezi emasakeni omoya; ngokuvamile kudinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela. |
| Isifo sofuba | Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okuthinta kakhulu amaphaphu kodwa kungasakazeka kwenye indawo. |
| Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu | Ukubhema kuyisici esiyinhloko esiyingozi salesi simo esibucayi. |
| I-COVID 19 | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okungabangela izinkinga eziningi zokuphefumula. |
Izimpawu Ezingaba Khona Zesifo Samaphaphu
Uma ubhekene nezinkinga ngamaphaphu akho, ungase uqaphele uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo. Sicela uqaphele lezi zimpawu eziyisixwayiso:
- Ukuphelelwa umoya : Ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya noma kunzima ukubamba umoya ngisho nangemva kokuzivocavoca umzimba okuncane.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba : Ukungakhululeki okuba kubi kakhulu uma uphefumula kakhulu noma ukhwehlela.
- Ukukhwehlela Okungapheli: Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okuhlala amasonto amaningana noma ngaphezulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana negazi noma i-mucus eningi.
- Ukukhathala:Ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ukhathele ngendlela engavamile, ngisho nangemva kokuphumula.
- Ukuphefumula: Umsindo wokukhala komoya lapho uphefumula, okubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umoya ungavalekile.
- Ukuvuvukala: Ukuvuvukala emaqakaleni noma ezinyaweni, okungase kuhlotshaniswe nezimo ezithile zamaphaphu.
Uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, ungazinaki. Isenzo esingcono kakhulu ukuhlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.
Impilo Yamaphaphu Ihlolwa Kanjani?
Ngesikhathi sokuvakashela kwakho, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuze athole ulwazi ngempilo yakho yokuphefumula. Lokhu kungafaka:
- Ukulalela isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope ukuthola imisindo engavamile (njengokuklwebheka noma ukuphefumula).
- Ukuqapha izinga lakho lokuphefumula (ukuphefumula ngomzuzu).
- Ukusebenzisa i -Pulse Oximeter , ithuluzi elincane elinamathiselwe emunweni wakho, ukukala ukugcwala komoya-mpilo egazini lakho.
Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe
Lezi zivivinyo zivumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ngeso lengqondo ingaphakathi lamaphaphu akho.
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- Ukuskena kwe-CT
- I-Ultrasound
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI
Ukuhlolwa Komsebenzi Wamaphaphu
Lokhu kuhlola kulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
- I-Spirometry: Ukuhlolwa okukala ukuthi ungaphefumula umoya ongakanani nokuthi ungaphefumula ngokushesha kangakanani.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuhamba ngezinyawo kwemizuzu eyisithupha: Kusetshenziselwa ukuqapha izinguquko emazingeni akho e-oxygen kanye nesilinganiso senhliziyo ngenkathi uhamba imizuzu eyisithupha.
Izinqubo
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho kungadingeka abheke ngaphakathi kwemigudu yakho yomoya noma aqoqe isampula yezicubu (i-biopsy) ukuze ahlolwe ngokuseduze.
- I-Bronchoscopy: Ukusebenzisa ipayipi eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera ukuhlola izindlela zakho zokuphefumula.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezicubu zamaphaphu: Ukuthola isampula encane yezicubu emaphashini ukuze kuhlolwe nge-microscope.
Izinyathelo Zokuvikela Impilo Yakho Yamaphaphu
Kuningi ongakwenza ukuze ugcine amaphaphu akho ephilile futhi uphathe kahle izimo ezikhona.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ongasithatha. Yeka ugwayi, ama-bidis, kanye nokubhema i-vape ngokuphelele.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Isisindo esiningi, ikakhulukazi eduze kwesisu, singavimbela ikhono lamaphaphu akho lokukhula ngokugcwele.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuthuthukisa amandla amaphaphu. Kodwa-ke, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiluphi uhlelo olusha lokuzivocavoca.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
- Hlala unamanzi: Ukuphuza amanzi anele kusiza ukugcina amafinyila emancane, okwenza kube lula ukuwahlanza emigudwini yakho yomoya.
- Vimbela ukutheleleka: Zijwayeze ukuhlanzeka kwezandla, gwema ukuxhumana nabantu abagulayo, futhi uhlale usesikhathini ngemigomo enconyiwe njengoba ululekwe udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amaphaphu akho ayizitho ezibalulekile ezibangela ukuphefumula kwegazi lakho nokukhipha i-carbon dioxide.
- Ukubhema kuwumkhuba olimaza kakhulu amaphaphu akho. Ukuze uvikele impilo yakho yokuphefumula, kumelwe uhlale ungabhemi.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izikhwehlela ezingapheli, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ubuhlungu besifuba. Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zokuqala zesifo samaphaphu. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unenkinga.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo, okuhlanganisa nokudla okufanele kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo, kusekela kakhulu impilo yakho yamaphaphu isikhathi eside.
Amaphaphu, ukuphefumula, izifo zokuphefumula, i-asthma, i-COPD, i-pneumonia, impilo yamaphaphu, i-Nirogi Lanka
