Uyazi ngalolu donga olumangalisayo oluvikela ubuchopho? (Isithiyo Segazi Nobuchopho)

Cabanga ngobuchopho bakho njengenqaba eyigugu kakhulu nezwelayo. Futhi kukhona umlindi wesango ohlola konke okungena kuleyo nqaba, evimbela izinto ezimbi ukuthi zingangeni futhi evumela izinto ezinhle kuphela ukuthi zingene. Ngokufanayo, namuhla sizokhuluma ngomlindi wesango okhethekile, noma isihlungi, esitholakala emithanjeni yegazi ezungeze ubuchopho bethu, esivikela ubuchopho. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).

Kalula nje, iyini i-Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)?

Lokhu akulona nje isithiyo. Eqinisweni, kufana nesivikelo sobuchopho bethu. Lolu donga oluvikelayo lutholakala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi ezungeze ubuchopho. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukuvimbela izinto eziyingozi, amagciwane, namakhemikhali angafuneki egazini ukuthi angangeni ebuchosheni . Luphinde lulawule ukungena okufanele kwezakhamzimba nomoya-mpilo ebuchosheni kanye nokususwa kwemfucuza ebuchosheni.

Kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wethu, amangqamuzana asemithanjeni yethu yegazi (esiwabiza ngokuthi amaseli e-"endothelium") anezikhala ezincane phakathi kwawo. Kodwa emithanjeni yegazi ebuchosheni, lawa maseli ahlanganiswe kakhulu, axhumene, futhi azikho izikhala. Kufana nodonga olufakwe iplasta olungenazimbobo. Ngakho-ke ngisho nama-molecule amakhulu, noma ngisho nezinto ezincibilikayo emanzini, azikwazi ukudlula kalula kuwo.

Yini engangena ngaphakathi kwalolu donga lokuphepha?

Akuzona zonke izinto ezima kulolu donga. Ezinye izinto zingadlula kulo.

• Ama-molecule amancane kakhulu: Ama-molecule amancane afana nomoya-mpilo kanye ne-carbon dioxide angadlula kalula kulokhu.
• Okuncibilikayo ngama-lipid: Isembozo sangaphandle salezi zisele zodonga ezivikelayo senziwe ngama-lipid, ngakho-ke izinto ezincibilikayo ngama-lipid zingadlula kalula kuso.

Cabanga ngokuthi kungani izinto ezifana notshwala, izibulala-zinhlungu, kanye ne-caffeine zithinta ubuchopho bethu ngokushesha kangaka. Isizathu ukuthi zingadlula kalula ku-Blood-Brain Barrier. Futhi, imithi eminingi, njengemithi yokucindezeleka, imithi yokukhathazeka, kanye nemithi yesifo sokuwa, yenzelwe ukuwela lesi sithiyo futhi ifinyelele ebuchosheni.

Yiziphi izimo lapho lolu donga lokuzivikela lungase lube buthaka khona?

Nakuba lesi sivikelo sokuvikela sinamandla kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi singaba buthaka noma siqale "ukuvuza." Lokhu kungenxa yokuvuvukala.Lokhu kungenzeka ezimweni ezinjengalezi. Uma lesi sithiyo sibuthakathaka, izinto eziyingozi ezivame ukungena ebuchosheni zingangena.

Ithebula elingezansi libala ezinye zezimo zezokwelapha eziyinhloko ezingaba buthakathaka i-Blood-Brain Barrier.

Ingabe zikhona izimpawu zokuthi lokhu kungaba yinkinga?

Eqinisweni, azikho izimpawu eziqondile ezibonisa inkinga nge-Blood-Brain Barrier. Esikubonayo izimpawu zesifo esiyisisekelo esisithintayo (isibonelo, isifo sohlangothi noma isifo i-Alzheimer's). Nakuba okwamanje kungekho ndlela ecacile yokuhlola isimo salesi sithiyo, izindlela ezahlukene ziyahlolwa ezingeni locwaningo.

Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sigcine lesi sivikelo esibalulekile siqinile?

Nakuba singenakukwazi ukwelapha ngqo i-Blood-Brain Barrier, singazigwema izinto eziyenza buthaka. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo kuyinto engcono kakhulu okufanele yenziwe.

• Gcina ukudla okulinganiselayo kanye nesisindo esinempilo: Izinto ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-cholesterol zilimaza imithambo yegazi yethu. Lo monakalo ungathinta nemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula lezi zifo ngokudla okuhle kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
• Ungakushayi indiva ukutheleleka:Ngezinye izikhathi, uma izifo zendlebe, amehlo, noma zamazinyo zingelashwa kahle, amagciwane angahamba ngegazi aye ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma kukhona ukutheleleka bese uthola ukwelashwa.
• Gqoka izimpahla zokuphepha: Ukulimala ekhanda kungalimaza ngqo lesi sivikelo. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela ibhayisikili noma isithuthuthu, futhi ubophe ibhande lakho lesihlalo uma ugibela imoto.
• Phatha izifo zakho ezingamahlalakhona ngendlela efanele: Uma unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-cholesterol, thatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngqo nangesikhathi. Futhi, iya emitholampilo ngesikhathi ukuze uhlole isimo sakho.

Odokotela balusebenzisa kanjani lolu lwazi?

Ulwazi mayelana ne-Blood-Brain Barrier luwusizo kakhulu kodokotela nakososayensi. Luyinselele futhi luyithuba.

• Inselele: Ngezinye izikhathi, umuthi wesimila sobuchopho noma ukutheleleka awukwazi ukungena ebuchosheni ngenxa yalesi sithiyo. Lesi sithiyo sicabanga ukuthi umuthi "mubi." Kulezi zimo, izindlela ezikhethekile (njengendlela ye-"Trojan horse", ehilela ukuzinamathisela kwenye i-molecule) zisetshenziselwa ukuletha umuthi ngesithiyo.
• Icala: Isifo sikaParkinson senzeka lapho kuncipha i-dopamine yamakhemikhali ebuchosheni. Ngisho noma i-dopamine inikezwa ngqo njengomuthi, ayikwazi ukuwela lesi sithiyo ingene ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, odokotela banikeza umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-levodopa. Le levodopa ingawela isithiyo. Uma isingene ebuchosheni, i-levodopa iphenduka i-dopamine. Akuyona yini umqondo omuhle lo?

Okusho ukuthi, eminye imithi yenzelwe ukugwema lesi sithiyo. Eminye imithi yenzelwe ukugwema lesi sithiyo, ngoba uma umuthi ungena ebuchosheni, ungabangela imiphumela emibi engafuneki.