Ingabe ikhanda lomntwana wakho libukeka liyisicaba ngemuva? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu (i-Brachycephaly)!

Wake wazizwa sengathi ikhanda lomntwana wakho liyisicaba ngemuva? Noma libukeka libanzi kancane kunokujwayelekile? Kujwayelekile ukuthi umama noma ubaba azizwe esaba kancane uma ebona into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi simo (i-Brachycephaly).

Kuyini i-brachycephaly? Ingabe iyingozi?

Kalula nje, i-brachycephaly yilapho ingemuva lekhanda lengane yakho libonakala liyisicaba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingemuva lekhanda lingase libonakale lifushane futhi libanzi kunokujwayelekile. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucabange, "O, ikhanda lengane yami libukeka liyinqaba kancane."

Empeleni lolu uhlobo lwesimo olubizwa ngokuthi (i-Positional Plagiocephaly), noma "i-flat head syndrome." Kuyinto evamile. Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuvamile ukubangela izinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside noma izinkinga ekukhuleni komntwana. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo siba ngcono ngokwaso, noma singalungiswa ngezindlela ezilula zokuphatha. Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile, kulungile?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-brachycephaly:

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalesi simo kuye ngembangela. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

1. I-Positional Brachycephaly: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lesi simo singavela uma ingane yakho ilele ngomhlane isikhathi eside, futhi ihlala injalo isikhathi eside uma ivukile. Siyazi ukuthi izingane kufanele zilale ngomhlane njalo ukuze kuvinjelwe i-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Kuyinto edingekayo. Kodwa-ke, uma izingane zigcina amakhanda azo ohlangothini olufanayo ngenkathi zivukile, zingaba zithambile ngenxa yokucindezeleka ngemuva kwekhanda lazo.

2. I-Synostotic Brachycephaly: Lokhu kuhlukile kancane. Lesi simo sibangelwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Craniosynostosis." Kalula nje, amathambo ekhanda lomntwana ayahlangana ngaphambi kokuba ahlangane. Lesi yisimo sokuzalwa, okusho ukuthi singaba khona lapho ezalwa. Lesi yisimo esidinga ukunakwa okuthile.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi ingane ine-Brachycephaly? Ziyini izimpawu?

Isici esiyinhloko ukuthi ingemuva lekhanda lomntwana liyisicaba. Ngezinye izikhathi ikhanda lingabonakala libanzi kunokuba lide kusukela phambili kuya emuva. Ungase ubheke ingane yakho bese ucabanga, "O, lokho akubukeki kubanzi kakhulu?"

Okunye ukuthi cishe izingane eziyisishiyagalolunye kweziyishumi ezinalesi simo nazo zizoba nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Torticollis". Lokhu kuthinta imisipha yentamo yengane. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhanda lengane lingase lijike futhi lithambekele ohlangothini olulodwa. Kungase kube nzima kancane ngengane ukuphendukela kolunye uhlangothi.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka (i-Brachycephaly)? Ziyini izimbangela?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo ngemuva kwekhanda lomntwana.Ukhakhayi lomntwana luthambile kakhulu, akunjalo? Futhi lwenzelwe ukuba luguquguquke kancane. Isizathu salokho ukuthi ubuchopho bomntwana budinga indawo yokukhula. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yalokhu kuthamba, uma ingcindezi ifakwa njalo endaweni efanayo yokhakhayi, ukuma kwekhanda kungashintsha.

Izimbangela ze-Positional Brachycephaly

Lolu hlobo (i-Positional Brachycephaly) luvame ukwenzeka ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila komntwana. Kunezimbangela eziningana ezivamile ezibangela lokhu:

• Ukulala isikhathi eside ubheke phezulu: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma ingane yakho ihlala ibheke phezulu ngenkathi ilele futhi/noma ivukile, ingemuva lekhanda layo lingaba yisicaba. Kodwa khumbula, ukuze uvikele ingane yakho kwi-SIDS , kufanele nakanjani uyilalise ibheke phezulu.
• Izinkinga ngaphambi kokuzalwa noma ngesikhathi sokubeletha: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ingane ingenaso isikhala esanele ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sikamama, noma uma ingane ingenaso i-amniotic fluid eyanele ukuvikela ikhanda lomntwana, lesi simo (i-Positional Brachycephaly) singavela ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Futhi, uma ukuzalwa komntwana kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu, kungaba yimbangela.

Cabanga ngalokhu: Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okusho ukuthi izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kosuku lokubeletha, zisengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo (i-Positional Brachycephaly). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amakhanda azo athambile kunengane evamile. Futhi, kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi imisipha yentamo yazo ibe namandla ngokwanele ukujika amakhanda azo kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye.

Izimbangela ze-Synostotic Brachycephaly (ukuhlangana okusheshayo kwamathambo ekhanda)

Lolu hlobo lwe-(Synostotic Brachycephaly) lubangelwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi ``Bicoronal Synostosis'', okuwuhlobo oluthile lwe-``Craniosynostosis.`` I-Craniosynostosis`` ukuhlangana kwamathambo ekhanda lomntwana ngaphambi kwesikhathi. ``Bicoronal Synostosis`` ithinta amathambo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zekhanda lomntwana.

Kunzima ukuthola imbangela ethile yezingane eziningi ezine-craniosynostosis. Ngezinye izikhathi, ingabangelwa ushintsho olungavamile lwezakhi zofuzo (ukwehluka kwezakhi zofuzo), noma othile emndenini angase abe nalesi simo futhi asidlulisele kwabanye.

Kwezinye izimo, izici ezithile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingandisa ingozi yokuba ingane ibe ne-craniosynostosis. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• Eminye imithi yokuzala, isibonelo `(Clomiphene (Clomid®))`.
• Isifo se-thyroid kumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma i-brachycephaly ingelashwa kahle?

Inkinga enkulu engaba khona uma i-positional brachycephaly ingelashwa ukukhathazeka ngobuhle. Okusho ukuthi, ukuma kwekhanda kubukeka kuhlukile kancane. Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-brachycephaly aluvamile ukuthinta ukukhula kobuchopho bomntwana. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Kodwa-ke, uma isimo esibangelwa ukuhlangana okusheshayo kwamathambo ekhanda (i-Synostotic Brachycephaly) singelashwa, noma uma ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda (`(ingcindezi yangaphakathi kwekhanda)` ikhuphuka, okulandelayo kungenzeka:

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula komntwana
• Ukuquleka, njengokuquleka
• Ukukhubazeka okungapheli kwekhanda noma kobuso

Ngakho-ke, uma une-Synostotic Brachycephaly, kufanele nakanjani ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani i-brachycephaly?

Into yokuqala udokotela wezingane wengane yakho azoyenza ukuhlola ingane yakho ngokucophelela. Bazofuna ukwazi ukuthi lesi yisimo sokuma noma isimo sokuxhunyaniswa kwamathambo esinqeni ngokushesha okukhulu.

Udokotela uzothinta ikhanda lomntwana ngokucophelela, ebheka noma yiziphi izingqimba eziqinile lapho amathambo ekhanda ehlangana khona, kanye nanoma yiziphi izindawo ezithambile ngendlela engavamile.

Ngokuvamile, uma ikhanda linemiphetho eqinile, cishe liyoba uhlobo (lwe-Synostotic). Uma kungekho miphetho eqinile, futhi ikhanda liyisicaba nje, cishe liyoba uhlobo (lwesikhundla).

Esikhathini esiningi, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba okufana nalokhu kungahlonza lesi simo (i-Positional Brachycephaly). Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho engabaza, angase acele ukuhlolwa kwezithombe.

Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu zalesi simo (i-Synostotic Brachycephaly), uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ukuqinisekisa lokhu. Lokhu kungafaka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• I-X-ray yogebhezi
• Ukuskena kwekhanda nge-CT
• I-ultrasound noma i-MRI (ikakhulukazi uma kukhona okusolwayo ngesimo esifana ne-hydrocephalus, okungukuthi ukunqwabelana koketshezi ebuchosheni)

Iphathwa kanjani i-Brachycephaly?

Ukwelashwa kwe-brachycephaly kuncike ohlotsheni futhi kungasukela ekushintsheni indawo yengane kuya ekuhlinzweni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Positional Brachycephaly

Ezinganeni eziningi ezinalesi simo (i-Positional Brachycephaly), lesi simo siyathuthuka ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba ugebhezi lomntwana lukhula futhi eqala ukugoqa nokugoqa.

Okwamanje, udokotela wakho wezingane uzokufundisa ukuthi ungayishintsha kanjani indawo yekhanda lengane yakho. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingcindezi ngemuva kwekhanda lengane yakho ngenkathi ilele futhi usuku lonke. Isibonelo, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi wenze izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Isikhathi sesisu: Lokhu kuqinisa imisipha yentamo yengane futhi kunciphisa ingcindezi ngemuva kwekhanda. Yenza lokhu isikhathi esifushane, izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
• Ukubeka umntwana ezindaweni ezahlukene:Ngezinye izikhathi esihlalweni esilele phansi, noma esihlikihlini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi endaweni eyisicaba.
• Ukushintsha izinhlangothi lapho uncelisa futhi ubamba ingane yakho: Ungahlali ubamba ingane yakho ohlangothini olufanayo, shintsha izinhlangothi.
• Nciphisa isikhathi umntwana wakho asichitha ezindaweni eziqinile nezisicaba, njengasesihlalweni semoto noma enqoleni: Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa i-sling noma i-carrier ebheke phambili.

Khumbula into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu: Indlela ephephile yokulala kwengane yakho, kokubili emini nasebusuku, ukuyibeka ngomhlane. Ungashintshi lokho.

Kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha:

• Ukwelashwa ngokubhucunga: Udokotela wakho wezingane angakufundisa indlela yokubhucunga ikhanda lomntwana wakho ngobumnene.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kwe-torticollis: Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokujika ikhanda, ungenza izinto ezifana nokuzivocavoca okusiza ukuphumula nokuqinisa imisipha yentamo.
• Ukwelashwa Ngesigqoko Sokuzivikela: Kulokhu, umntwana unikezwa isigqoko sokuzivikela esiklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukuba asigqoke amasonto amaningana. Lesi sigqoko sisiza ekubumbeni kabusha ugebhezi lomntwana. Kodwa-ke, odokotela bezingane batusa lokhu kwelashwa ngesigqoko sokuzivikela kuphela ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Synostotic Brachycephaly (isimo esibangelwa ukuhlangana okusheshayo kwamathambo ekhanda)

Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela ebalulekile yokwelapha lesi simo (i-Synostotic Brachycephaly). Ngeke kuthuthuke ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nonyaka owodwa ubudala.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kogebhezi (`(ukuhlinzwa kogebhezi)`) kwenza okulandelayo:

• Ukhakhayi lomntwana luyashintshwa.
• Kunciphisa ingcindezi eyengeziwe ngaphakathi kwekhanda (ingcindezi yangaphakathi kobuchopho).
• Ivumela ubuchopho bomntwana ukuba bukhule kahle.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa kwekhanda. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okungcono kakhulu esimweni esithile somntwana wakho. Bazokuchazela izinzuzo nezingozi. Ngakho-ke ungagodli lutho bese ubuza imibuzo.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, umntwana cishe uzodinga ukwelashwa ngesigqoko sokuvikela. Kungase kudingeke agqoke isigqoko sokuvikela esiklanyelwe ngokukhethekile cishe unyaka wonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wengane yami?

Uma unenkinga ngesimo sekhanda lengane yakho, noma uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokujika ikhanda layo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wezingane. Futhi, uma ingane yakho inesifo sokuwa okokuqala, yiyise esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Hhayi lokho kuphela, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uyayiyisa ingane yakho ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwengane ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngaleyo ndlela, udokotela angahlola njalo ukuma kwekhanda lengane yakho kanye nokukhula kwayo yonke.

Ingabe abantu abadala bangaba ne-brachycephaly?

Yebo, abantu abadala bangaba ne-brachycephaly. Uma lesi simo singathuthuki sodwa ebuntwaneni, noma uma singalapheki ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa, ikhanda eliyisicaba lingaqhubeka lize libe mdala. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga zokuzethemba kwabanye abantu abadala. Uma ingemuva lekhanda liyisicaba, kungaba yihlazo.

Uma ungumuntu omdala futhi uzizwa ucindezelekile ngenxa yalesi simo, bona udokotela wakho noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo . Kukhona nezinye izindlela zokwelapha lokhu.

Ekugcineni, kukhona okufanele kucatshangelwe.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga, ikakhulukazi uma kuyinto esobala njengekhanda eliyisicaba, kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane. Phefumula kakhulu bese wehlisa umoya. Into ebalulekile okufanele uyazi ukuthi i-brachycephaly ivame kakhulu futhi ivame ukuba yesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, uma unenkinga ngesimo sekhanda lengane yakho noma enye inkinga, kungcono ukubona udokotela. Udokotela angenza ukuhlolwa okulula kwekhanda lengane yakho futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngezinketho zokwelapha.

I- Brachycephaly, Ikhanda Elisicaba, Ikhanda Lomntwana, Ikhanda Lesikhumba, I-Craniosynostosis, I-Positional Plagiocephaly, I-SIDS