Uyazazi yini izimila ezimbi kakhulu ezikhula ebuchosheni? (Ithumba Lobuchopho)

Wake wacabanga ukuthi ngaphakathi ekhanda lakho, okungukuthi, ebuchosheni bakho, into efana ne-pimple ebangelwa amagciwane, kodwa ngendlela eyingozi kakhulu, ingaqoqa ubomvu bese yakha isimila? Kuzwakala kungavamile, akunjalo? Kodwa, lokhu kuyinto yangempela. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-brain abscess. Lokhu akuwona umdlalo, futhi uma kungelashwa ngokushesha, kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Kalula nje, ithumba lobuchopho liyiqhubu elakheka ngaphakathi kobuchopho bakho lisuka ku-pus, amangqamuzana afile, kanye namagciwane. Kufana nesilonda esiqhuma endaweni ethile emzimbeni wethu, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Cabanga ngakho, igciwane elithile, kungaba amagciwane, noma kungaba isikhunta, uma lingena ebuchosheni, amasosha omzimba wethu alwa nalo. Amagciwane afayo kule mpi, amangqamuzana ethu, konke lokhu kuyahlangana ukuze kwakheke leli qhubu lobomvu. Bese izicubu zobuchopho zakha udonga oluzungeze leli qhubu lobomvu, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ithumba.

Njengoba lesi simila sikhula, ingcindezi iyakhula ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Ubuchopho buyisitho esibucayi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima ukumelana nalolu hlobo lwengcindezi. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha futhi singasongela impilo uma singelashwa kahle. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bakubiza ngokuthi ithumba lobuchopho.

Kodwa lokhu akuyona into evamile kakhulu. Ngisho nasezweni elifana neMelika, kunemibiko embalwa kakhulu ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka kumuntu, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke ziyini izimpawu zesimila sobuchopho?

Uma kuvela isimila sobuchopho esinjengalesi, singabangela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Kwabanye abantu, lezi zimpawu zingase zivele ngokuzumayo, kanti kwabanye, zingase zivele kancane kancane ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa. Uma unalezi zimpawu , kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha, kulungile?

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elivame ukuba nzima: Lokhu akufani nekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile, kodwa kungaba ikhanda elibuhlungu eliba libi kakhulu usuku nosuku futhi elingaqedwa yimithi.
• Ukudideka, ubunzima bokucabanga: Kufana nokulahlekelwa ingqondo, kunzima ukuqonda nokukhumbula izinto ezazilula ngaphambili. Ungase ungaqondi ukuthi othile uthini.
• Ukuba ndikindiki, ubuthakathaka, noma ukukhubazeka kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba: Ingalo noma umlenze ungase uzizwe ungaphilile, ungaphilile, noma ukhubazekile ngokuphelele.
• Izinguquko ekuzizweni: Indlela izinto ezizwakala ngayo, njengokuthinta, ukushisa nokubanda, ingashintsha.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma: Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma kahle, ukungakwazi ukusho lokho ofuna ukukusho, noma ukuba nobunzima bokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo.
• Ukushintsha kombono: Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okukabili, noma ukulahlekelwa umbono okuyingxenye.
• Umkhuhlane: Ungase uthole umkhuhlane ngoba umzimba wakho uyashisa, ngoba lokhu kuyisifo.
• Ukuquleka: Ukuquleka kungenzeka uma kukhona ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo kanye nokuquleka.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza:Isisu sami siyaqhuma, ngizizwa sengathi ngiyahlanza.
• Ukuqina kwentamo: Kunzima ukujika intamo, futhi kuzwakala kuqinile.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, sicela ungacabangi ukuthi kuyinto evamile. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngoba kuphela uma ukuqaphela lokhu kusenesikhathi lapho ungathola khona ukwelashwa okuhle futhi ululame.

Kungani izimila zobuchopho zikhula kanje?

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwakheka kobomvu ebuchosheni kanje ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma isikhunta. La magciwane angena ebuchosheni bethu ngandlela thile. Kwenzeka kanjani lokho?

Cabanga ngakho ngale ndlela:

• Ngegazi: Uma kukhona ukutheleleka kwenye indawo emzimbeni, isibonelo emaphashini noma enhliziyweni, amagciwane angahamba ngegazi afinyelele ebuchosheni.
• Ukutheleleka kwama-sinus: Abanye abantu banezinkinga ezivame ukwenzeka kuma-sinus. Uma kukhona ukutheleleka okukhulu kuma-sinus, kungasakazekela ebuchosheni. Ngokufanayo, ukutheleleka kwezindlebe kanye nokutheleleka kwamazinyo ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta ubuchopho uma kuba kubi kakhulu.
• Ukulimala ekhanda: Uma ikhanda lishaywa kanzima, noma ugebhezi luqhekekile, amagciwane angangena ebuchosheni ngalo.
• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa: Ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa kobuchopho, nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, ukutheleleka kungavela futhi isimila esinjengalesi singakhula.

Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamabhaktheriya ezivame ukubangela lokhu kutheleleka yi-Staphylococcus kanye ne-Streptococcus. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya nazo zingabangela lokhu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

Nakuba noma ubani angaba nesimila sobuchopho esinjengalesi, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancane. Ake sibheke ukuthi bangobani:

• Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka: Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-HIV, noma labo abanamandla omzimba okumelana nezifo ngenxa yezinye izizathu, bangathola kalula izifo ezinjalo.
• Iziguli ezinomdlavuza: Ukungavikeleki komzimba kuyancipha ngenxa yomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza (isib., i-chemotherapy).
• Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo abazalwa naso: Abantu abanezifo ezithile zenhliziyo bangadlulisela kalula amagciwane ebuchosheni.
• Abantu abasebenzisa imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba: Imithi efana ne-corticosteroids, enikezwa izifo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis, noma imithi enikezwa ngemva kokufakelwa izitho zomzimba, inganciphisa nokuzivikela komzimba.

Ukuba nalezi zici eziyingozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba nomdlavuza wobuchopho, kodwa kungcono ukuqaphela kancane kunabanye.

Yiziphi izimo eziyingozi ezingase zivele ngenxa yesimila sobuchopho?

Ngishilo ngaphambili ukuthi lesi yisimo esisongela impilo . Isizathu salokho yizinkinga ezingase zivele. Bheka:

• Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho: Isimila sandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho futhi sibangele ubuchopho buvuvuke. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukuqhuma kwesimila:Uma leso simila esigcwele ubovu siqhuma ngokuzumayo, ubovu bungasakazeka ebuchosheni bonke futhi kwenze isimo sibe sibi nakakhulu.
• I-Meningitis: Ukutheleleka kungasakazekela ezithweni ezizungeze ubuchopho, okubangela isifo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-meningitis.
• Ukulimala kobuchopho: Isimila singalimaza izingxenye zobuchopho, sibangele ukukhubazeka okungapheli njengokungakwazi ukukhuluma, ukuhamba, nokulahlekelwa inkumbulo.
• Ukuphindaphinda kwama-cyst: Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, la ma-cyst angaphinda avele.
• I-Coma: Ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwengqondo kanye nokuba khona kwe-coma.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha nje lapho lezi zimpawu zibonakala.

Odokotela bakubona kanjani lokhu?

Uma unezimpawu okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni, into yokuqala udokotela angayenza uma uya esibhedlela ukukuhlola kahle. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi aqonde ukuthi ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda lakho ikhuphukile yini nokuthi ubuchopho bakho abusebenzi kahle yini.

Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzodingeka kwenziwe ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kwenziwa "ukuhluzwa kwegazi" ukuze kuhlolwe amagciwane egazini. "Inani eliphelele legazi" linganikeza umbono mayelana nokutheleleka.
• Ama-scan: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
• I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Lokhu kungabona ngokucacile isimila esingaphakathi kobuchopho, ubukhulu baso, kanye nendawo.
• I-CT `(I-Computed Tomography)` Scan: Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa okuthatha izithombe zobuchopho. Nakuba kungeyona imininingwane eminingi njenge-MRI, kungenziwa ngokushesha esimweni esiphuthumayo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho. Kungasiza ekuboneni izimo ezifana nokuquleka.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kwenziwa i-biopsy yenaliti . Lokho kusho ukuthi, ngokucophelela okukhulu, mhlawumbe ngosizo lwe-scanner, inaliti ifakwa esigaxeni ebuchosheni, bese kuthathwa isampula encane yobomvu lapho bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri. Ngemuva kwalokho singathola ukuthi yiliphi igciwane elibangela lokhu. Ngemuva kwalokho singanikeza umuthi ofanele walokho.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ithumba lobuchopho liyisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha:

1. Imithi:

Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukunikeza imithi yokulwa nalesi sifo.

• Ama-antibiotic noma imithi yokukhunta: Ama-antibiotic anikezwa uma imbangela yokubilisa kungama-bacteria, kanti imithi yokukhunta inikezwa uma kuyi-fungus. Le mithi inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) isikhathi eside, cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, bese ithathwa njengemithi yomlomo isikhathi eside.
• Imithi Yokuhlanza Umzimba: Le mithi inikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni nokususa amanzi angaphezulu emzimbeni.
• Imithi yokuvimbela ukuxhuzula: Uma kuvela ukuxhuzula, kunikezwa imithi yokukulawula.
• Ama-Steroids: Lawa anikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, awanikezwa wonke umuntu, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi angaphazamisa ukulawulwa kokutheleleka.

2. Ukuhlinzwa:

Ngezinye izikhathi imithi yodwa ayanele, bese kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.

• Ukuvula ugebhezi ukuze kususwe isimila noma kukhishwe ubovu: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza isikhala esincane ebovuzini bese esusa sonke isimila noma ingxenye yobovu. Isampula yobovu ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yimaphi amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka. Kube sekunikezwa imithi efanele.

3. Ukufuthwa kwenaliti:

Uma isimila sijule kakhulu ebuchosheni, kunzima ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, besebenzisa i-MRI noma i-CT scan, bayasibheka bese befaka inaliti ngokucophelela esimila bese bemunca ubomvu obuthile. Ngezinye izikhathi, inaliti ingasetshenziswa futhi ukujova umuthi wokunciphisa isimila.

Kunini lapho odokotela benquma khona ukunikeza imithi kuphela?

• Uma isimila sincane kune-2 cm.
• Uma isimila sitholakala sijule kakhulu ebuchosheni.
• Uma unezinye izifo ezifana ne-meningitis noma i-toxoplasmosis.
• Uma une-shunt ebuchosheni bakho (kungenzeka ukuthi uyisuse bese ufaka entsha).
• Uma kunezimila ezingaphezu kweyodwa (lokhu akuvamile kakhulu).

Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa?

• Uma isimila sikhulu kunamasentimitha amabili.
• Uma ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho iqhubeka nokwanda.
• Uma i-cyst ingaqhumi ngemva kokunikezwa ama-antibiotic noma ama-antifungal.
• Uma kukhona igesi ngaphakathi kwesithelo, ekhiqizwa yizinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane.
• Uma kunengozi enkulu yokuqhuma kwesimila (ukuqhekeka).

Zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha zenziwa esibhedlela. Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokwelashwa ukuze ubone ukuthi isimila sesipholile yini ngokuphelele nokuthi kukhona yini ezinye izinkinga. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, kungase kudingeke usizo lokuphila.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama? Ingabe kuzokwelapheka ngokuphelele?

Lokhu kuyinto eyesabekayo ukuyizwa. Kodwa uma ubona izimpawu kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi, ungathola imiphumela emihle. Uma ungelashwa, lokhu kuyabulala.

Abanye abantu bangalulama ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, kuye ngokuthi isimila sikuphi, ubukhulu baso, kanye nomonakalo odalwe, kungavela izinkinga zesikhathi eside. Isibonelo, ukuquleka, ubunzima bokuhamba, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, noma izinguquko zobuntu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwelashwa kokuvuselelwa kungasiza ekubuyiseleni amanye amakhono alahlekile.

Ngakho-ke, ukuthi uzolulama ngokugcwele noma cha kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukugcina ithemba liphila.

Angakanani amathuba okusindisa izimpilo?

Lena indaba engathi sína. Phakathi kuka-10% no-30% wabantu abathola izimila zobuchopho bayafa. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma abantu abayishumi bethola lezi zimila, oyedwa noma abathathu bangafa. Kodwa uma lesi sifo sibonakala kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa ngokushesha, amathuba okusinda aphezulu kakhulu.

Ingabe into efana nalena ayinakuvinjelwa ukuthi ingenzeki?

Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ngokuphelele zonke izimila zobuchopho, kodwa kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi:

• Zivikele ezifweni: Nakekela inhlanzeko yakho. Ikakhulukazi uma unenxeba noma uke wahlinzwa, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngaphambi kokuthinta lezo zindawo. Gcina lezo zindawo zihlanzekile.
• Sebenzisa ama-antibiotic anikezwe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi esifanele nangendlela efanele: Ngezinye izikhathi, ama-antibiotic anikezwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngaphambi kwezinto ezifana nokukhishwa kwamazinyo. Wathathe ngesikhathi esifanele.
• Funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka nganoma yikuphi ukutheleleka: Ngisho noma kungumkhuhlane omncane, umkhuhlane, noma ubuhlungu bendlebe, ungakushayi indiva bese ucabanga ukuthi, "Kulungile." Bona udokotela bese uthola ukwelashwa. Uma ulinda isikhathi eside, kulapho ingozi yezinkinga iba nkulu khona.

Kalula nje, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela umzimba wakho.

Kufanele uye nini kudokotela? Kufanele uye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?

Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane nokuvuvukala, bona udokotela. Ungalibali.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu zesimila sobuchopho engizichazile ngaphambilini (ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuxhuzula), shayela u-911 ngokushesha, noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze. Lokhu kuyinto okungafanele ibambezelwe.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Kuvamile ngawe nomndeni wakho ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kakhulu futhi wesaba esimweni esiphuthumayo esinjengalesi. Ungase ungabi nesikhathi sokuqonda kahle ukuthi kwenzekani lapho ukwelashwa kuqala. Kodwa-ke, ungabuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo ngokushesha okukhulu:

• "Kungani ngithole lesi simila, dokotela?"
• "Luhlobo luni lokwelashwa olungcono kimi?"
• "Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yalezi zindlela zokwelapha?"
• "Ingabe lesi simila besingabangela ukulimala kobuchopho okungapheli?"
• "Ngingazinakekela kanjani ngemva kokuphuma esibhedlela?"

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwenza konke okusemandleni alo ukukunakekela. Ungesabi ukubabuza noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi konke ngokwenzekayo, okuzayo, nokuthi yini ongayilindela ngemva kokwelashwa.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba?

Ithumba lobuchopho liyisimo esiyingozi kakhulu futhi esingasongela ukuphila, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

• Qaphela izimpawu: Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli, umkhuhlane, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, noma ukuxhuzula, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha.
• Ungalibazisi ukwelashwa: Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, amathuba akho okululama ayanda.
• Qaphela izifo: Ungawushayi indiva ngisho nokutheleleka okuncane bese ukwelapha. Hlala uhlanzekile.
• Lalela okushiwo udokotela: Thatha umuthi njengoba nje uyalelwe, bese ulandela imiyalelo.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Sithemba ukuthi wonke umuntu uzohlala ephilile!

Isimila sobuchopho , Ithumba Lobuchopho, Ukutheleleka kobuchopho, Ithumba lobuchopho, Ikhanda elibuhlungu, Ukuquleka, Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho