Uke wezwa nge-amoeba edla ubuchopho? (I-Amoeba Edla Ubuchopho - Naegleria fowleri) - Ake sixoxe ngalesi simo esiyingozi!

Cishe uke wezwa ngezifo eziyingozi kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo, leso esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Brain-Eating Amoeba" sikwenza uthuthumele, akunjalo? Ngisho noma igama lizwakala lithusa, lokhu kuyisifo esingavamile kakhulu . Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu, ngoba kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kuso. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale amoeba ebizwa ngokuthi i-'Naegleria fowleri' kanye nesimo esibi esibangelwa yiyo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)'.

Iyini le amoeba ebizwa ngokuthi `iNaegleria fowleri`?

Kalula nje, i-'Naegleria fowleri' iyisilwane esincane esineseli elilodwa, njenge-amoeba esafunda ngayo esikoleni. Singayithola emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele nezingenamanzi amaningi (isibonelo, emachibini, emifuleni, emithonjeni eshisayo). Ngezinye izikhathi ingaphila ngisho nasenhlabathini. Into ekhethekile ukuthi le amoeba ayidingi esinye isilwane (umnikazi) ukuze iphile, ingaphila yodwa endaweni ezungezile.

Kodwa-ke, uma le amoeba ihlasela abantu, ibangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `i-Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM).` Lesi isifo esibi kakhulu esithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi . Eqinisweni, singabulala.

Khumbula: Kwezinye izindawo ungase ubone kubhalwe igama elithi "ameba" esikhundleni selithi "amoeba" kanye nelithi "amebic" esikhundleni selithi "amoebic." Noma ngabe yikuphi, konke lokhu kumayelana nesidalwa esisodwa esinoseli elilodwa.

Le amoeba ingena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Indlela eyinhloko le amoeba ethi 'Naegleria fowleri' ingena ngayo emizimbeni yethu ingena ekhaleni, emanzini angcolile . Cabanga ukuthi ubhukuda, ucwila, noma udlala emanzini ngosuku olushisayo echibini, emfuleni, noma echibini lokubhukuda elingakafakwa i-chlorine kahle. Ngaleso sikhathi, uma amanzi aqukethe le amoeba engena ekhaleni lakho, azohamba ngqo aye ebuchosheni bakho.

Kodwa, kubalulekile futhi ukwazi lokhu:

• Lesi sifo asiveli ekuphuzeni amanzi angcolile. Uma i-amoeba ingena esiswini, ayikwazi ukufinyelela ebuchosheni.
• Akuvamile kakhulu, lokhu kungenzeka nalapho kusetshenziswa amanzi ompompi (ikakhulukazi afudumele, hhayi amanzi ompompi ahlanzekile kakhulu) ukuhlanza ikhala.

Kuvame kangakanani lokhu kusuleleka?

Ngenhlanhla, lokhu kutheleleka kwe-'Naegleria fowleri' akuvamile kakhulu . Isibonelo, ngisho nase-United States, kubikwa ukutheleleka okumbalwa kuphela minyaka yonke (phakathi kuka-0 no-8). Kuvame ukubonwa emazweni aseningizimu, lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele khona, futhi kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa abasebasha.

Kodwa-ke, muva nje, ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, lokhu kusuleleka kubikwe ngisho nakwamanye amazwe asenyakatho ngezikhathi ezishisayo kakhulu. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi amazinga okushisa emvelo akhuphukayo angaba nomthelela kulokhu.

Okunye ukuthi ezinye izifundo ziyabuza ukuthi lokhu kutheleleka kungavamile kangakanani ngempela. Ngoba abanye abantu banama-antibodies alwa nale amoeba egazini labo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi babenale gciwane futhi balulama bengazi. Futhi, okunye ukufa okwahlukaniswa njenge-meningitis kamuva kwahlukaniswa kabusha njengokufa okuvela kulokhu kutheleleka kwe-"Naegleria fowleri".

Okunye okufanele ucabange ngakho ukuthi kungani, eqenjini labantu abadlale endaweni efanayo nangendlela efanayo, abanye abantu kuphela abathola lesi sifo. Kungani abanye bengasitholi? Lokhu kusacwaningwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Izimpawu ze-`Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)` zingavela ngokuzumayo, futhi zinzima kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni . Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu (lokhu akufani nekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile)
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukuthuthumela
• Izimpawu ze-Meningitis: Njengomkhuhlane wobuchopho, intamo eqinile, i-photophobia
• Ukudideka kwengqondo (inkulumo engacacile, ukudideka)
• Ekugcineni, kuvela i-coma , okusho ukungazi lutho.

Kuyadabukisa ukwazi lokhu, kodwa kuyiqiniso: Ngisho noma belashwa, izinga lokufa ngenxa yalesi sifo lingaphezu kuka-97%.

Iyini imbangela yalokhu kutheleleka?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lokhu kutheleleka kwenzeka lapho i-amoeba ebizwa ngokuthi i-`Naegleria fowleri` ingena ebuchosheni ngekhala . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amanzi athelelekile ephefumulwa ngekhala. Le amoeba ivame ukuhlala ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi ahlanzekile afudumele kanye namanzi ashisayo.

Akuvamile ukuthi kubikwe ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka nasekuhogeleni uthuli olunegciwane.

Kube nezinye izimo eziningana lapho abantu betheleleke khona ngokusebenzisa amanzi ompompi esikhundleni samanzi acwengekile noma ahlanziwe kumadivayisi afana nama-neti pots, asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza ikhala.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izimpawu zivele? (Isikhathi Sokufukama)

Kungathatha noma yikuphi izinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyishumi nanhlanu ukuthi i-amoeba ingene emzimbeni futhi kuvele izimpawu. Lesi sikhathi singahluka kancane kumuntu nomuntu.

Ingabe lokhu kuyathelelana kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye?

Cha. Lokhu kutheleleka akukatholakali ukuthi kudluliswa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukukuthola ngokuthinta noma ukukhuluma nomuntu onesifo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lusaqhubeka ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kungadluliselwa yini ngokunikela ngezicubu noma ngezitho zomzimba.

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu kusuleleka?

Uma udokotela ekubona, ebuza ngezimpawu zakho, futhi ebuza ukuthi usanda kubhukuda echibini lamanzi ahlanzekile afudumele, futhi esola ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo se-Naegleria fowleri, bazoncoma ukuhlolwa okuthile.

• Ukubhoboza Umgogodla/Ukushaya Ithambo: Kulokhu, kuthathwa isampula yoketshezi lwakho lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) bese kuhlolwa ukuthi lukhona yini lolu hlobo lwe-amoeba.
• I-biopsy yobuchopho: Ngezinye izikhathi, ingxenye encane yezicubu ebuchosheni ingathathwa futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhona i-amoeba.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), noma ukutheleleka kwe-Naegleria fowleri, umuthi wokulwa namagciwane i-amphotericin B. Abanye abasindile kulesi sifo eNyakatho Melika banikezwe i-amphotericin B ngokuhlanganiswa ne-rifampin, i-fluconazole, kanye ne-miltefosine. I-Miltefosine umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-leishmaniasis, isifo esibangelwa yizinambuzane esidluliselwa yizimpukane zesihlabathi.

Imiphumela emihle kakhulu (ezimweni zezingane ezimbili ezilulame ngokuphelele) itholakale ngokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi, ukunikezwa kwemithi enconywayo, kanye nokwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba ngaphansi kwejwayelekile ukulawula ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu.

Singazivikela kanjani kulokhu?

Njengoba lesi sifo sibucayi, noma singavamile, kusabalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Gwema ukubhukuda, ukuhamba emanzini, kanye nokudlala emanzini ezindaweni zamanzi afudumele (ikakhulukazi lawo anamanzi amile). Uma kudingeka, sebenzisa izimbobo zekhala ukuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angangeni ekhaleni lakho. Gwema ukubhukuda ezindaweni ezaziwa ukuthi zingcoliswe yi-Naegleria fowleri.
• Ungasebenzisi amanzi empompini ukunisela ekhaleni (njengebhodwe le-neti). Sebenzisa njalo amanzi acwengekile noma ahlanziwe. Uma kufanele usebenzise amanzi empompini, wabilise umzuzu owodwa, bese ucima ukushisa . Uma uhlala endaweni ephakeme ngamafidi angu-1,500 ngaphezu kolwandle, bilisa amanzi imizuzu emithathu.
• Ungasebenzisa izihlungi ezikhethekile ukususa amagciwane emanzini. Bheka izihlungi ezibhalwe ukuthi "NSF 53," "NSF 58," noma "usayizi wembobo ophelele ongu-1 micron noma omncane."
• Ungasebenzisa futhi uketshezi lwe-chlorine bleach noma amaphilisi ukuze uhlanze amanzi asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza ikhala lakho kanye nama-sinuses. Kodwa-ke, inani le-bleach elidingekayo ukuhlanza amanzi asetshenziselwa ukunisela ekhaleni lihlukile kunenani elisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza amanzi okuphuza. Qiniseka ukuthi uyazi lokhu ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa.
• Uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kokubhukuda emanzini afudumele ahlanzekile, tshela udokotela ngokushesha bese umtshela ukuthi uye kuphi.

Kuyini ukubikezela uma lesi sifo siqala?

Eqinisweni, amathuba okululama ekuthelelekeni kwe-Naegleria fowleri aphansi kakhulu . Ngisho noma ukwelashwa kwelashwa, abantu abaningi bayafa ngenxa yalesi simo. Ukufa kungenzeka zingakapheli isonto noma izinsuku eziyishumi emva kwezimpawu, kanti i-coma nokufa kwenzeka zingakapheli isonto noma izinsuku eziyishumi.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kokubhukuda echibini elifudumele lamanzi ahlanzekile noma ukuhlanza impumulo yakho ngamanzi ompompi, bona udokotela noma uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwe-'Naegleria fowleri', ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungaba yinto ebalulekile ekusindiseni impilo yakho.

Kuyaqondakala ukwesaba uma uzwa nge-"amoeba edla ubuchopho" futhi uqaphela ukuthi ingaba yingozi kangakanani. Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wachayeka kule amoeba, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu . Ungazivikela ngokusebenzisa njalo amanzi acwengekile noma ahlanziwe ukuze ugeze impumulo yakho, nangokugwema amanzi osola ukuthi angcolile (ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esishisayo).

Into Ebaluleke Kakhulu - Isifinyezo (Umyalezo Owuyisa Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, izinto eziyinhloko okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho yilezi:

• I-'Naegleria fowleri' iyi-amoeba engaphila emanzini ahlanzekile afudumele futhi ibangela ukutheleleka kobuchopho okungajwayelekile kodwa okubulalayo .
• Ukutheleleka kubangelwa kakhulu amanzi athelelekile angena ebuchosheni ngekhala. Akutholakali ngokuphuza amanzi.
• Izimpawu (umkhuhlane omkhulu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuhlanza, intamo eqinile) zivele ngokuzumayo futhi ziba zimbi ngokushesha.
• Kungcono ukuphepha:
• Gwema ukubhukuda emanzini afudumele, angashisi, noma sebenzisa izimbobo zokuvula ikhala.
• Sebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe noma acwebezelayo njalo ukuze ugeze impumulo yakho.
• Uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kokugeza ngamanzi ashisayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

I- Naegleria fowleri, i-amoeba edla ubuchopho, i-meningoencephalitis eyinhloko ye-amoebic, i-PAM, i-amoeba, ukutheleleka kobuchopho, izifo ezibangelwa amanzi