Ufuna ukwazi kahle ukuthi lingakanani izinga lokusinda komdlavuza? Lokhu kubalulekile nakuwe!

Cishe uke wezwa amagama athi "Izinga Lokusinda Komdlavuza" noma "Izinga Lokusinda Komdlavuza." Mhlawumbe kudokotela, noma ephephandabeni, noma ku-inthanethi. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba noma unelukuluku uma uzwa la mazwi. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda. Njengokukhuluma nomngane.

Iyini le Nqanaba Lokusinda Komdlavuza?

Kalula nje, lokhu kuyisilinganiso . Okusho ukuthi, kukhombisa iphesenti lokuthi bangaki abantu abanohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza abazophila ngemva kwesikhathi esithile (ngokuvamile unyaka owodwa kuya kwemihlanu) ngemva kokutholakala benalesi sifo.

Ake sithi kunabantu abayi-100 abanohlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza. Leli "zinga lokusinda" lisitshela cishe ukuthi bangaki kulabo bantu abayi-100 abasaphila ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu. Lokhu akuyona nje inombolo, kungasitshela okuningi.

Ubani osebenzisa lolu lwazi?

• Odokotela Bezifo Zomdlavuza: Basebenzisa la mazinga okusinda, kanye nezinye izici eziningi, ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokwelapha ezikulungele kangcono. Baphinde bakusize ukukunikeza umbono wamathuba akho okusinda kumdlavuza (obizwa nangokuthi i-prognosis).
• Abacwaningi: Bayafunda lezi zibalo futhi babheke izitayela kubantu abalulamayo emdlavuza. Lolu lwazi lungasetshenziswa ukubikezela ukuthi amazinga okululama emdlavuza azoba yini esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa-ke, abakwazi ukusebenzisa lolu lwazi ukukutshela ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kuwe noma kunoma ubani omunye.

Yini enye odokotela abayifunayo ukukutshela yona mayelana nokubikezela kwakho?

Uma udokotela wakho womdlavuza ecabanga ngesimo sakho sokuphila, naye ucabanga ngezinga lakho lokusinda. Kodwa akabheki nje lezi zinombolo. Ucabangela konke akwaziyo ngawe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi uhlobo lomdlavuza onawo, isigaba somdlavuza, iminyaka yakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Enye into ukuthi la mazinga okusinda komdlavuza angaba yisikhathi. Isibonelo, lapho izinhlangano ezifana ne-American Cancer Society zishicilela imibiko, isekelwe olwazini oluvela ezigulini ezatholakala eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ziye zavunyelwa, izindlela ezintsha zokuthola umdlavuza kusenesikhathi, futhi abantu bangase baphile isikhathi eside benomdlavuza manje. Ngakho-ke, lokho kungathinta nala mazinga.

Iyini Isilinganiso Sokusinda Seminyaka Emihlanu?

Ngokuvamile, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu liyiphesenti labantu abaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokutholakala benomdlavuza. Lesi sikhathi seminyaka emihlanu sibalulekile ngoba ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi umdlavuza ongazange uphinde ubuye phakathi neminyaka emihlanu cishe ngeke uphinde ubuye.

Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi "sebephulukisiwe" ngokuphelele noma ukuthi umdlavuza ngeke uphinde ubuye.

Odokotela bangase basebenzise amagama ahlukene lapho bekhuluma ngala mazinga okululama. La magama angase akudide kancane. Kodwa khumbula, konke lokhu kumane kuyizilinganiso. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. Khona-ke ungathola ukuqonda okucacile ngesimo sakho.

Manje ake sibheke amanye amagama asetshenziswa odokotela:

Iyini "Izinga Lokusinda Eliphelele"?

Leli yiphesenti labantu abanohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza abasaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokutholakala kwabo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu abanomdlavuza olawulayo futhi "abasesimeni sokuxolelwa". Udokotela wakho angase futhi akubize lokhu ngokuthi "ukusinda okubangelwa yizo zonke izizathu," "ukusinda okuqashelwe," noma "ukusinda okungcolile."

Iyini "Izinga Lokusinda Eliqondene Nomdlavuza"?

Leli yiphesenti labantu abanohlobo oluthile kanye nesigaba somdlavuza abaphila phakathi nesikhathi esithile ngemva kokuxilongwa. Lokhu kubalwa akubandakanyi abantu abafa ngezinye izimbangela (isibonelo, umuntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu ushona ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo). Odokotela bangase futhi bakubize lokhu ngokuthi "izinga lokusinda elibangelwa yimbangela ethile yokusinda," "ukusinda komdlavuza ngokuphelele," noma "ukusinda komdlavuza."

Iyini "Isilinganiso Sokusinda Esihlobene"?

Lesi silinganiso siqhathanisa izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu lamaqembu anezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza nabantu abangenawo umdlavuza kodwa abaneminyaka efanayo, ubulili, kanye nohlanga. Sibonisa ukuthi umdlavuza othize uyanciphisa yini isikhathi sokuphila.

Kukhona enye ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukusinda Okungenazifo." Kuyini lokho?

Odokotela nabacwaningi baphinde balandelele iphesenti labantu abahlala bengenazo izimpawu zomdlavuza isikhathi esithile ngemva kokuqeda ukwelashwa. Lapho beqhuba izivivinyo zemitholampilo ukuze babone ukuthi ukwelashwa okusha kusebenza kangakanani, balinganisa leli "zinga lokusinda elingenayo inqubekela phambili." Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukusinda okungenayo inqubekela phambili" noma "ukusinda okungenayo inqubekela phambili."

Yimiphi imidlavuza enezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokwelashwa?

Izinga lokuphulukiswa liyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Isibonelo, umdlavuza wendawo, ohlala endaweni eyodwa yomzimba futhi ongasakazekanga, unezinga eliphezulu lokuphulukiswa kunomdlavuza osakazeke ezicutshini ezizungezile nasezithweni ezikude.

I-American Cancer Society ibika amazinga okusinda kwezinhlobo ezingu-22 zomdlavuza. Ngokusho kwemibiko yakamuva, amazinga okusinda kweminyaka emihlanu kwalabo abayi-11 balabo mdlavuza asukela ku-100% womdlavuza we-prostate kuya ku-90.9% womdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu. Nazi amazinga okusinda kwamanye ama-cancer atholakala kusenesikhathi (lezi yizilinganiso nje ezingahleliwe, khumbula ukuthi isimo sakho singahluka):

• Umdlavuza We-Thyroid: 99.9%
• I-Melanoma yesikhumba: 99.6%
• Umdlavuza Webele: 99.3%
• Umdlavuza Wamasende: 99.2%
• Umdlavuza Wesibeletho: 94.9%
• Umdlavuza Wezinso: 92.9%
• Umdlavuza Wesibeletho: 92.4% (esigabeni sokuqala)
• I-Hodgkin Lymphoma: 92.2%
• Umdlavuza Wesibeletho: 91.2%

Ngakho-ke ingabe kukhona umdlavuza onezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokwelashwa?

Yebo, ngeshwa, kunezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza ezinezinga eliphansi lokusinda kunezinye. Ngezansi amazinga okusinda eminyaka emihlanu omdlavuza otholakala usesesigabeni sokuqala:

• Umdlavuza Wesisu: 48.8%
• Umdlavuza We-Pancreatic: 44.3%
• Umdlavuza wesibindi kanye nomdlavuza we-bile ongaphakathi kwesibindi: 37.3%
• Umdlavuza Wobuchopho: 36%

Ungakhathazeki ngalezi zibalo. Lezi zimane ziyizilinganiso. Lezi zibalo zingashintsha ngokwelashwa okusha nokutholwa kusenesikhathi. Futhi, isimo sawo wonke umuntu sihlukile.

Ingabe kufanele ube ngumuntu osindile kumdlavuza iminyaka emihlanu?

Cha. Ngokusho kwe-National Cancer Institute (NCI), uhambo lokusinda emdlavuza luqala ngosuku umuntu atholakala enomdlavuza ngalo. Lolo hambo luyaqhubeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nangemva kokwelashwa, kanye nokuphila kwakho konke. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungumlwi, 'osindile', kusukela ngosuku atholakala enomdlavuza ngalo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi "kwezinga lokufa" kanye "nezinga lokusinda komdlavuza"?

"Izinga Lokufa" liyisilinganiso senani lokufa ngenxa yomdlavuza kubantu bonke (kufaka phakathi labo abanomdlavuza nabangenawo). "Izinga Lokusinda" ligxile kuphela kulabo abanomdlavuza .

Ingabe amazinga okusinda angabikezela ngokunembile ukuthi umuntu uzophila isikhathi esingakanani?

Cha, akunjalo nhlobo. La mazinga okusinda awakutsheli ukuthi uzophila isikhathi esingakanani, noma ukuthi isikhathi sakho sokuphila sizoba singakanani. La mazinga abonisa kuphela iphesenti labantu abaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu alisho ukuthi bazophulukiswa ngokuphelele. Ngoba:

• Imininingwane yokwelapha umdlavuza ifaka phakathi abantu abasesimweni "sokuxolelwa" ('release'), lapho umdlavuza usulawulwa futhi kungekho zimpawu. Uma umdlavuza ubuya, uvame ukwenzeka phakathi neminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza "osesimweni" ungabuya eminyakeni eminingi kamuva.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu bangaba nomdlavuza wesibili. Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluhlukile kunalowo ababenawo ngaphambili. Kungenzeka ukuthi umdlavuza wesibili ukhule ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi ukwelashwa sekuqediwe.
• Ungase ube nesinye isifo esibi kakhulu, noma ungase ube nesinye esikhathini esizayo. Lokho kuzothinta nokuthi uzophila isikhathi esingakanani.

Ingabe abantu abanomdlavuza bangathanda ukwazi ngaleli zinga lokuphulukiswa? Ingabe bonke abantu bayafana?

Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo. Wonke umuntu uhlukile. Ucwaningo oluthile lubonise ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-87% abanomdlavuza bangathanda ukwazi ulwazi mayelana nobunzima besimo sabo kanye nokubikezela kwabo. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abantu abakwenzayo.

• Kwabanye abantu, ukwazi ukuthi bazophila izinyanga noma iminyaka emingaki kubaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi bahlele imicimbi ekhethekile empilweni yabo (isibonelo, ukugubha usuku lomshado, ukubona ingane iphothula esikoleni noma ekolishi, noma ukubona ukuzalwa komzukulu). Cabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani kwabanye ukwazi into efana nokuthi, "Ngizokwazi yini ukuhlala ukuze ngibone indodakazi yami iphothula?"
• Kwabanye, badinga ukwazi kuphela ngaleli zinga lokwelashwa uma isimo sabo sishintsha. Isibonelo, uma umdlavuza usakazeka (ukhula), noma uma ukwelashwa kungasebenzi futhi kungekho zindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ongazizama.
• Kukhona abanye, abasanda kufunda ngokwelashwa komdlavuza, abangacela udokotela ukuba abachazele ukuthi yini okufanele bayilindele, ngaphandle kokusho izinga lokwelashwa.

Udokotela wakho uyaqonda ukuthi wonke umuntu ubhekana nomdlavuza ngendlela ehlukile. Uzokhuluma nawe ukuze athole ukuthi ufuna ukwaziswa kanjani nokuthi uzimisele yini ukuxoxa ngaleli zinga lokwelashwa.

Ngakho-ke kufanele sicabange kanjani ngalezi zibalo? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza, kungaba nzima ukuqonda yonke imininingwane ehambisana nawo (ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuskena, amazinga okusinda). Kuvamile ukuzizwa udangele futhi ukhathazekile lapho utshelwa ngekusasa lakho ngokwamaphesenti afana nalawa.

Kodwa-ke, uma ucabanga ngamazinga okuphulukiswa komdlavuza, kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokhu: lezi zinombolo zimane nje ziwukuqagela ukuthi yini *engase yenzeke*, hhayi ukuthi *kuzokwenzeka* ini.

Lezi zibalo zimane nje ziwukuqagela kwalokho okungenzeka , hhayi isiqiniseko . Odokotela bakho abakuboni njengenombolo, bakubona njengomuntu ophelele.

Udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lokunakekela umdlavuza babona okungaphezu nje kwalezi zinombolo ezihlobene nokubikezela kwakho. Bayakubona.

Ithimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo liyaqonda ukuthi ungase ube nemibuzo mayelana nokuthi la mazinga okusinda asebenza kanjani esimweni sakho. Futhi bayaqonda ukuthi udinga isikhathi sokucabanga ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngalesi sihloko. Bakulungele ukuphendula imibuzo yakho noma nini lapho usukulungele ukufunda ukuthi la mazinga okusinda komdlavuza asho ukuthini ngempela nokuthi awasho ukuthini. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo.

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