Wake waphawula ukuthi amhlophe emehlweni akho noma omuntu omaziyo aphenduke aphuzi? Ngezinye izikhathi aba nombala ophuzi. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-jaundice. Akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, kodwa futhi akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuyishaya indiva . Ngoba ukuphuzi kwamehlo kuwuphawu lokuthi kukhona okunye okwenzekayo emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla.

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Kungani amehlo ephenduka aphuzi ngempela?

Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga kuqala ukuqonda inqubo encane eyenzeka emizimbeni yethu. Amaseli abomvu egazi egazini lethu ayaqhekeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lapho lawa eqhekeka, kwakheka ikhemikhali ephuzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-bilirubin .

Ngokuvamile, isibindi sethu sisebenza njengesihlungi, sihlunga le bilirubin egazini bese siyisebenzisa ukwenza uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-bile. Le bili ibe isihamba ngemibhobho ye-bile iye ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla bese ikhishwa emzimbeni ngendle.

Kalula nje, i-bilirubin "imfucuza" ephuzi ekhiqizwa emzimbeni. Isibindi "yifektri" esusa lemfucuza.

Kodwa-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile, i-bilirubin eningi kakhulu inqwabelana emzimbeni, noma uma isibindi singakwazi ukuyisusa kahle, le nto ephuzi inqwabelana egazini lethu. Uma lokhu kunqwabelana, amhlophe emehlweni ethu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba, siqala ukubukeka siphuzi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-jaundice.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zamehlo aphuzi?

Akukhona nje isizathu esisodwa esenza amehlo abe phuzi, kungaba maningi. Ake sibheke ayinhloko.

Isizathu	Incazelo elula
I-Hepatitis	Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isibindi sivuvukala ). Lokhu kungabangelwa amagciwane (njenge-Hepatitis A, B, kanye ne-C), imithi ethile, kanye nokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile. Uma isibindi sonakele, asihlungi i-bilirubin kahle.
Amatshe enyongo	Amatshe akheka enyongweni, etholakala ngaphansi kwesibindi, angavimba imigudu yenyongo. Kufana nokuvaleka kwepayipi lamanzi. I-Bilirubin inqwabelana egazini.
Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile	Ukuphuza kakhulu iminyaka eminingi kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu esibindini. Amaseli esibindi ayabhujiswa futhi athathelwe indawo yizicubu ezibomvu. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-cirrhosis . Isibindi asisakwazi ukusebenza kahle.
Eminye imithi	I-jaundice ingaba umphumela ongemuhle wemithi ethile. Izibonelo zifaka: ukuphuza i-acetaminophen/paracetamol eningi kakhulu, ama-penicillin (i-Amoxicillin/clavulanate), amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, eminye imithi yengqondo, kanye nama-steroid.
Umdlavuza	Izinto ezifana nomdlavuza wesibindi kanye nomdlavuza we-pancreatic zingabangela ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct kanye ne-jaundice.
Ezinye izifo zegazi	Ezimweni ezifana ne -hemolytic anemia, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aphuka ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile. Isibindi asikwazi ukulawula inani le-bilirubin elikhiqizwayo. I-sickle cell anemia ingenye inkinga enjalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo ezingavamile kakhulu ezifana nomalaleveva, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane esibindini, kanye nesimo sofuzo i-Gilbert syndrome nazo zingabangela amehlo aphuzi.

Ake sifunde kabanzi ngamehlo aphuzi ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.

Izinsana eziningi ezisanda kuzalwa ziba ne-jaundice zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa zizelwe. Lokhu kuvamile ezimweni eziningi. Ngenxa yokuthi isibindi somntwana asikakhuli ngokugcwele, i-bilirubin ethile inganqwabelana.

Ungabona izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

Kusukela ebusweni, amehlo nesikhumba kuba phuzi.
Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kobisi.
Ukubonisa ukozela okukhulu kunokujwayelekile.

Kodwa noma lokhu kuyinto evamile, ungalokothi ukushaye indiva. Ngoba uma izinga le-bilirubin likhuphuka kakhulu, lingalimaza ubuchopho bomntwana. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ukuthi amehlo engane yakho aphuzi, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko.

Esikhathini esiningi, lapho umntwana edla kahle, i-bilirubin eyengeziwe ikhishwa emzimbeni ngendle. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela batusa ukubeka umntwana ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhethekile (i-phototherapy) ukuze kwehliswe izinga le-bilirubin. Sikubiza ngokuthi "ukwelashwa okulula."

Ungasusa kanjani amehlo aphuzi?

Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Khumbula, amehlo aphuzi ayimpawu nje. Ukuze uyiqede, udinga ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu.

Uma imbangela kungamatshe enyongo, kungadingeka ukuthi alashwe ngemithi noma asuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
Uma kuyigciwane elibangelwa yigciwane njenge-hepatitis, udokotela uzokunikeza imithi edingekayo.
Uma lesi simo sibangelwa ukuphuza utshwala, kuzodingeka uyeke ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala.
Uma kubangelwa umuthi othile, udokotela uzowuyeka lowo muthi bese ekunika enye indlela.

Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ukuthi amehlo akho aphuzi, sicela ubonane nodokotela ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele, kunokuzama ukuzelapha ngokubuka izinto ku-inthanethi.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ukuphuzi kwamehlo, noma i-jaundice, akusona isifo, kodwa kuwuphawu lwenye inkinga emzimbeni.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuqongelela ngokweqile kwento ephuzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-bilirubin egazini.
Izifo zesibindi (i-hepatitis, i-cirrhosis), amatshe enyongo, eminye imidlavuza, kanye nezifo zegazi kungaba yizimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu.
Ungalokothi ungazinaki amehlo aphuzi. Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole imbangela.
Nakuba i-jaundice ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, kusabalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela eyinhloko yokuphuzi kwamehlo, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile.