Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe sengathi amehlo akho aphuzi kancane, noma umzimba wakho uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu. Noma uma uya kobona umntwana osanda kuzalwa, ungase uzwe abantu bethi, "Umntwana unesifo sohudo kancane." Namuhla sizokhuluma ngento ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-bilirubin', engahlotshaniswa nakho konke lokhu. Ake siqonde ukuthi iyini, kungani ibalulekile emzimbeni wethu, nokuthi ukuhlolwa kwayo kusho ukuthini.
Kalula nje, iyini i-bilirubin?
Cabanga ngamaseli abomvu egazi emizimbeni yethu njengabasebenzi. Laba basebenzi nabo banesikhathi esithile sokuphila. Uma leso sikhathi sokuphila sesiphelile, okungukuthi, lapho sebegugile, lawa maseli abomvu egazi ayawohloka. Yileyo ndlela esiyibiza ngayo i-bilirubin, umbala ophuzi owakheka lapho amaseli abomvu egazi amadala ewohloka.
Le bilirubin ihamba egazini lethu futhi iye ngqo esibindini sethu. Isibindi sifana nefektri enkulu kunazo zonke emzimbeni wethu. Sithatha le bilirubin neminye imikhiqizo engcolile, siyihlanze, futhi siyilungiselele ukukhishwa ngoketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-bile'. Le bilirubin yilokho okunikeza indle yakho umbala onsundu kanye ne-bile yakho umbala ophuzi.
Ngakho-ke kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi le-bilirubin?
Kulula kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-bilirubin kulinganisa inani le-bilirubin egazini lakho. Uma udokotela ekucela ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa, ngokuvamile uzothatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho bese eyithumela elabhorethri. Ilabhorethri izohlola ukuthi izinga lakho le-bilirubin lingaphakathi kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile.
Uma leli zinga liphakeme (liphezulu) noma liphansi (liphansi) kunokujwayelekile , kusho ukuthi kungase kube nenkinga encane endaweni ethile enqubweni yokuphula amangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi, ukuwahlanza esibindini, nokuwasusa emzimbeni.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-bilirubin kuvame ukwenziwa ukuhlola impilo yesibindi sethu. Kuyingxenye eyodwa nje yochungechunge lwezivivinyo ezibheka ukusebenza kwesibindi.
Kungani amazinga e-bilirubin enyuka? (I-Hyperbilirubinemia)
Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani i-bilirubin ingaqongelela egazini. Ake sikuqonde ngale ndlela.
| Imbangela | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukuwohloka okusheshayo kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu | Uma amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ephuka ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile, i-bilirubin eningi kakhulu iqongelela egazini, okungahlanzwa nesibindi. Lokhu kungenzeka kwezinye izifo zegazi (njenge -hemolytic anemia). |
| 2. Ukusebenza kwesibindi okungasebenzi kahle | Isibindi asikwazi ukuhlanza kahle ngisho nenani elijwayelekile le-bilirubin elingena kuso. Kwezinye izimo ezifana nesifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona kanye ne-hepatitis , isibindi singaba buthaka. |
| 3. Ukuvaleka kwepayipi lenyongo | I-bilirubin ehlanzwe yisibindi (ene-bile) kudingeka iye emathunjini. Uma into efana netshe inamathela endleleni (imisele ye-bile), i-bile iqala ukubuyela emuva futhi iqongeleleke egazini. |
Ingabe amazinga aphansi e-bilirubin ayinkinga?
Amazinga aphansi e-bilirubin ngokuvamile awabhekwa njengenkinga enkulu. Eminye imithi (isib. ama-antibiotic, amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo) ingabangela lokhu. Akuyona into okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo.
Yiziphi izimpawu zokwanda kwe-bilirubin?
Uma amazinga e-bilirubin ekhuphuka, imizimba yethu ibonisa izimpawu eziningana.
- I-Jaundice: Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko nesisobala kakhulu. Sibangela ukuthi amhlophe emehlweni akho nasesikhumbeni aphenduke aphuzi .
- Umchamo omnyama: Njengoba i-bilirubin eningi egazini ihlungwa yizinso bese ikhishwa emchameni, umchamo uba nombala omnyama, ofana nombala wetiye.
- Indle ephaphathekile: Ngenxa yokuthi i-bilirubin ayifinyeleli kahle emathunjini, indle iba nombala okhanyayo, ofana nobumba esikhundleni sombala wayo onsundu ojwayelekile.
- Isikhumba esilumayo: Uma amazinga e-bilirubin eba phezulu kakhulu, anganqwabelana ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi abangele ukulunywa (pruritus) kwabanye abantu.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ungawuqonda kanjani umbiko wokuhlolwa? I-bilirubin eqondile nengaqondile
Umbiko owutholayo uzoba nenani elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Total Bilirubin'. Kukhona futhi amanani amabili abizwa ngokuthi 'i-Direct Bilirubin' kanye ne-'Indirect Bilirubin'. Uyini umehluko?
Cabanga ngesibindi njengefektri 'epakisha' izimpahla.
- I-Bilirubin Engaqondile (Engahlanganisiwe): Lokhu kubhekisela ku-bilirubin 'engahlanganisiwe' eza esibindini ukuze ihlanzwe. Ayincibiliki emanzini. Ngakho-ke, ifinyelela esibindini esinamathele kuphrotheni (i-albumin) egazini.
- I-Bilirubin Eqondile (Ehlanganisiwe): Lokhu kubhekisela ku-bilirubin 'efakwe' ngaphakathi kwesibindi, okusho ukuthi ihlanziwe futhi yenziwa yancibilika emanzini. Lezi yizo ezilungiselelwe ukukhishwa emzimbeni kanye ne-bile.
| Uhlobo lwe-Bilirubin | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Okungaqondile (Okungaxhunywanga) | I-bilirubin "engacwengekile", evela esibindini. Lokhu kuyanda uma amaseli amaningi egazi abomvu eqhekeka. |
| Okuqondile (Okuhlanganisiwe) | I-Bilirubin "egcwele" isibindi. Lokhu kuyanda uma kukhona ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuphuma kwesibindi. |
Ngokubheka ukuthi yiluphi kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili oluvame kakhulu embikweni wakho, udokotela angathola umbono wokuthi inkinga ikuphi.
Kunini lapho izinga le-bilirubin liba bucayi khona?
Izinga elijwayelekile le-bilirubin kumuntu omdala kanye nengane liphakathi kuka-0.2 no-1.3 mg/dL. Uma seliphezulu kunalokho, udokotela uzoqala ukufuna imbangela.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungesabi wedwa ngemva kokubona lezi zindinganiso. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongabuyekeza umbiko wakho, awuhlele ngokwesimo sakho, futhi awuchaze ngokunembile.
Kungani lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa?
Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngokwemvelo zinamazinga aphezulu e-bilirubin kunabantu abadala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-physiological jaundice'. Ngokuvamile iyaphela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi leli zinga liba phezulu kakhulu.Kungaba yingozi ezinganeni. Ngoba, ngesikhathi lapho ubuchopho bazo bukhula, le bilirubin eningi (ikakhulukazi uhlobo olungaqondile) ingaya ebuchosheni iyilimaze. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(Kernicterus)`. Yingakho odokotela bekhathazekile kakhulu 'nge-jaundice' yezingane. Uma izinga le-bilirubin yengane libonakala lifinyelela ezingeni eliyingozi, kuzoqalwa ukwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko okunikezwa izingane 'yi-phototherapy' . Kalula nje, umntwana ufakwa ngaphansi kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhethekile. Lokhu kukhanya kuphula i-bilirubin futhi kwenza kube lula ngomzimba ukuyisusa.
Ingabe amazinga e-bilirubin angancishiswa?
Ukuze wehlise amazinga akho e-bilirubin, udinga ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele ukwanda. Udokotela wakho uzothola imbangela futhi akutshele ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukunciphisa ingcindezi esibindini ngokuvamile.
- Yeka ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele.
- Ungasebenzisi imithi engadingekile ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ukudla ukudla okunempilo.
Izinto ezinjengalezi zingasiza ekuvikeleni impilo yesibindi sakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Bilirubin iwumbala ophuzi okhiqizwa lapho amangqamuzana abomvu amadala ephuka. Iyahlanzwa futhi ikhishwe emzimbeni yisibindi.
- Uma amehlo noma isikhumba sakho siphenduka siphuzi (i-jaundice), kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu samazinga aphezulu e-bilirubin. Ezimweni ezinjalo, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-bilirubin kungakunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yesibindi sakho kanye nemigudu ye-bile.
- Ungasheshi ufinyelele eziphethweni ngokusekelwe kumanani asembikweni wokuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakuhlaziya ngokunembile futhi akunike iseluleko osidingayo.
- Nakuba i-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ingavamile ukuba yingozi, kwezinye izimo idinga usizo lwezokwelapha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuyinakekela.
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