Kuyini i-Cerebral Edema? Ake sifunde ngalesi simo esiyingozi ngamazwi alula!

Wake wazizwa ucindezelekile ngendlela exakile, ukusinda, noma ubuhlungu obungajwayelekile ekhanda lakho? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi yikhanda elivamile nje, kodwa akuvamile, kungaba yinto engathi sína kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, isimo sonke okudingeka sisiqaphele futhi sikhathazeke kancane ngaso yi- cerebral edema , noma njengoba odokotela besibiza kanjalo, "Cerebral Edema." Kuyini ngempela lokhu, kungani lokhu kwenzeka, nezinye izinto eziningi esizoxoxa ngazo namuhla.

Kuyini ukuvuvuka kobuchopho? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, `(Cerebral Edema)` yilapho uketshezi oluningi luqongelela ngaphakathi kwezicubu zethu zobuchopho, okubangela ukuba ubuchopho buvuvuke ngokuphelele noma kancane. Manje cabanga, ikhanda lethu lifana negobolondo likakhukhunathi eliqinile. Ubuchopho bethu bungaphakathi kwalo, buvikelwe. Kodwa-ke, leli khanda alikwazi ukwanda nokuncipha. Ngakho-ke lapho ubuchopho buvuvukala, okungukuthi, lapho izicubu zobuchopho zivuvukala ngenxa yalolo ketshezi oluningi , ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda, odokotela abayibiza ngokuthi `(Intracranial Pressure)` noma `(ICP)`, iyanda kakhulu.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kuyisimo esibi esidinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha . Uma kungelashwa kahle, kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Lesi simo singavela kunoma ubani, kusukela ezinganeni ezincane kuya kubantu abadala, ngenxa yengozi noma ukugula.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko:

1. I-Vasogenic Edema

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu . Lolu hlobo lokuvuvukala lungabangelwa izinto ezifana nezimila ebuchosheni. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi uketshezi luphuma emithanjeni yegazi ebuchosheni, okubangela ukuthi ivuza.

2. Ukuvuvukala Kwamaselula

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Cytotoxic Edema)`. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda, njengokuthi `(Traumatic Brain Injury)` noma isimo esifana nokuthi `(Stroke)`. Lapha, lapho amangqamuzana obuchopho engatholi igazi noma umoya-mpilo owanele, ukuvuvukala kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko, kunezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile:

• I-Osmotic Edema: Lolu hlobo lungenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-Diabetes-related Ketoacidosis noma amazinga aphansi e-sodium emzimbeni (Hyponatremia).
• I-Interstitial Edema: Lolu hlobo lokuvuvukala lungabonakala ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-`(Hydrocephalus)` (ukunqwabelana koketshezi ebuchosheni) kanye ne-`(Meningitis)` (meningitis).

Kuvame kangakanani ukuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungabangelwa yizizathu ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kuyisimo esivame ukwelashwa ezibhedlela. Lokho kusho ukuthi kubalulekile kithi ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu kuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Uma ukuvuvukala kuncane, ungase ungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Lokhu kuhlukile ekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile futhi kungaba nzima kakhulu.
• Ukozela noma ubunzima bokucabanga: Ungase ungakwazi ukucabanga kahle futhi ungase uzizwe ulele ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha: Ungase uqaphele izinguquko zobuntu, njengokuthukuthela noma ukucasuka ngokuzumayo.
• Ubuhlungu noma ukuqina kwentamo: Kuba nzima ukujika intamo, okubangela ubuhlungu.
• Ukuhlanza: Ukuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ekuseni.
• Ukuquleka : Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngokuzumayo kanye nokuquleka.
• Izinkinga zokubona: Ukubona okukabili, ukubona okufiphele.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma: Ukukhuluma amagama angacacile, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma kahle.
• Izinkinga zememori: Ukukhohlwa izinto.
• Ukwanda okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ubuthakathaka.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ungachithi isikhathi.

Yini ebangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Njengoba nje kunezimbangela ezahlukene zokuvuvukala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wethu, kunezimbangela ezahlukene zokuvuvukala ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho uqobo, izifo, kanye nezimo zokuvuvukala. Nazi ezinye zezimbangela:

• Ukulimala Kobuchopho Okwenzakalisayo: Cabanga ngomuntu ewa ebhayisikilini ashaye ikhanda lakhe, noma eshaywa yibhola ngenkathi edlala ikhilikithi. Lezi zinhlobo zezingozi zingabangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
• Umdlavuza Wobuchopho.
• I-Ketoacidosis ehlobene nesifo sikashukela.
• I-Eclampsia yisimo esibi kakhulu esingaba khona ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• I-Encephalitis.
• Isifo Sokushaywa Yigazi.
• Ukwehluleka kwesibindi okuthinta ubuchopho (i-Hepatic Encephalopathy).
• Ukuqongelela koketshezi ebuchosheni (i-Hydrocephalus).
• I-Ischemic stroke (ukukhubazeka okubangelwa ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi).
• I-Meningitis.
• Ubuthi obuvela ezintweni ezifana nezidakamizwa, ubuthi, noma ukulunywa yizinyoka.
• I-Toxoplasmosis noma ezinye izifo zobuchopho.
• Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emithanjeni yobuchopho (i-Venous Sinus Thrombosis).
• Ukugula Okuphezulu: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-High-Altitude Cerebral Edema - HACE".

Ingabe ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kuyathelelana?

Cha, i-meningitis akuyona into ongayithola komunye umuntu, futhi akuyona into ongayinika omunye umuntu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo ezithelelanayo zingabangela i-meningitis . Isibonelo:

• I-Meningitis
• I-Encephalitis
• I-Toxoplasmosis (i-Toxoplasmosis)`

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nezifo ezincane ezifana ne-sinusitis, nakuba zingavamile, zingabangela ubomvu buqoqeke ngaphakathi kwekhanda, okubangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela lesi simo?

Kunezici ezithile eziyingozi ezingathinta ukukhula kokuvuvukala kobuchopho. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukuvuvukala kobuchopho ngenxa yezimo ezifana "ne-Diabetes-related Ketoacidosis" noma izifo. Kuthiwa izingane zisengozini enkulu kunabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela. Abantu abanomdlavuza noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka nabo basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Udokotela uzokhuluma nawe kanye nalabo abaseduze nawe futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa. Umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuba aqagele kahle. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uqiniseke ngokuphelele, kudingeka i-CT scan noma i-MRI scan yobuchopho bakho.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa oluzokwenziwa?

Ukuze ahlole ukuvuvukala kobuchopho futhi athole imbangela, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi kwenziwe lezi zivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• I-CT Scan (I-Computed Tomography - I-CT Scan): Lokhu kuthatha izithombe zobuchopho ezihlanganisa izingxenye ezahlukene.
• I-MRI Scan (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - I-MRI Scan): Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa okuthatha izithombe ezinemininingwane zobuchopho.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Lokhu kusiza ekuhloleni izinto ezifana nokutheleleka kanye nesifo sikashukela.

Kulashwa kanjani ukuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha ukuvuvukala kobuchopho ukunciphisa inani loketshezi oluqongeleleke ezicutshini zobuchopho nokulawula ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kwenziwa kakhulu ngemithi nokuhlinzwa.

Imithi yokuvuvukala kobuchopho

Kuye ngembangela yokuvuvukala kobuchopho, imithi oyinikwayo ingahluka. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana nalokhu:

• Ama-Corticosteroids: Lena imithi enciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala.
• I-Mannitol kanye neminye imithi yokukhipha isisu: Lokhu kusiza ekususeni uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni.
• I-Hypertonic Saline: Lokhu futhi kuyinto esiza ukususa uketshezi ebuchosheni nokunciphisa ingcindezi.
• Imithi yokudambisa ukucindezeleka: Gcina isiguli sizolile futhi ulawule umfutho wegazi ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kobuchopho.
• Izinciphisi Zomkhuhlane.
• Izinto Zokunciphisa Igazi: Vimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.

Ukuhlinzwa kokuvuvukala kobuchopho

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, udokotela wezinzwa angase anqume ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-craniectomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye yogebhezi ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi ebuchosheni.
• I-Ventriculostomy: Kwenziwa imbobo e-ventricle yobuchopho bese kufakwa ipayipi ukuze kuvunyelwe uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal ukuthi luphume lungene esikhwameni esiluqoqayo.
• Ukuzithiba: Lokhu kuhilela nokuhambisa uketshezi oluningi oluvela ebuchosheni luye kwenye ingxenye yomzimba (isibonelo, umgodi wesisu) lapho lungamuncwa khona ngokuphephile ngumzimba.
• Ukususwa kwesilonda sobuchopho ngokuhlinzwa, njengesimila.

Imiphumela emibi/izinkinga zokwelashwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba nengozi yokutheleleka nokopha.

Imithi ingabangela nemiphumela emibi. Isibonelo, ama-corticosteroids:

• Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla kanye nokukhuluphala.
• Ukwehliswa kokumelana nezifo.
• Induna.
• Ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo.
• Ukungahlaliseki.
• Ukuphuka okulula.

Kusukela ku-`(Mannitol)` kanye nezinye `(Diuretics)`:

• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Ukulimala kwezinso.

Ungakwazi yini ukululama ekuvuvukeni kobuchopho?

Impendulo emfushane ithi, yebo, ungakwazi . Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko kanye nokwelashwa okuqondile kokuvuvukala kobuchopho.

Yini engingayilindela uma nginomdlavuza wobuchopho?

Isibikezelo sokululama ekuvuvukeni kobuchopho sincike ezintweni eziningana:

• Imbangela yokuvuvukala.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.
• Indlela othola ngayo ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngenxa yokuvuvukala.

Kungathatha isikhathi ukwelapha ukuvuvukala kanye nembangela eyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kudingeke ubhekane nezinye izimo ezibangele ukuvuvukala.

Ingabe ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungavinjelwa?

Nakuba kungezona zonke izinhlobo zokuvuvukala kobuchopho ezingavinjelwa, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Thola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha njalo: Vakashela udokotela womndeni wakho bese wenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo.
• Lawula kahle izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Sebenzisa imithi njengoba nje udokotela emyalile.
• Qaphela lapho udlala imidlalo engabangela ukulimala ekhanda: Qaphela lapho udlala imidlalo engabangela ukuxhuzula kwekhanda.
• Gqoka amabhande esihlalo uma uhamba ngezimoto, futhi ugqoke izigqoko zokuzivikela uma ugibela amabhayisikili nezithuthuthu.
• Thola imijovo edingekayo bese ulandela eminye imikhuba yezempilo yokuvimbela.
• Thatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka: hlala kude nabantu abagulayo, geza izandla zakho kahle.
• Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka. Ukubhema kwandisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela mayelana nokuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Uma unokulimala ekhanda, ngisho noma kuyinto encane, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Uma ushaya ikhanda lakho ngenkathi udlala imidlalo, noma uma unenkinga yokuxhuzula, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela futhi ungabuyeli ekudlaleni imidlalo aze akunike imvume.

Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, futhi ubhekene nezimpawu zokunqwabelana koketshezi noma ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami mayelana nokuvuvukala kobuchopho?

Ungase ube nemibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho mayelana nokuvuvukala kobuchopho, njenge:

• Yini ebangela ukuvuvukala kobuchopho bami?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Uyiphatha kanjani imbangela eyinhloko yokuvuvukala kobuchopho?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-cerebral edema, noma "i-cerebral edema", iyisimo esibi kakhulu, esingasongela impilo. Ngakho-ke, ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola imbangela yokuvuvukala nokwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo. Ngokuphatha kahle izifo ezingamahlalakhona nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela, singasiza ekuvimbeleni ezinye zezimbangela zokuvuvukala kobuchopho. Nakekela impilo yakho, ngoba iyimpahla eyigugu kakhulu onayo!

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho , Ukucindezeleka Kwangaphakathi Kwekhanda, Ukulimala Kwekhanda, Ukutheleleka Kobuchopho, Ukukhubazeka, Isifo Sezinzwa