Siyini isifo iChagas? Ake sixoxe ngaso kalula.

Kunezifo esingakaze sizwe ngazo, kodwa zivamile kwamanye amazwe omhlaba. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esisakazeka ngendlela exakile, ikakhulukazi emazweni aseNyakatho, ePhakathi naseNingizimu Melika. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi iChagas Disease. Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi "i-American Trypanosomiasis". Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lesabisa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba uye ezweni elinjalo.

Kalula nje, siyini isifo seChagas?

Isifo i-Chagas siwukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-parasite encane ebizwa ngokuthi `(Trypanosoma cruzi)` . Lesi parasite sithwalwa yisinambuzane esikhethekile kakhulu. Lesi sinambuzane sibizwa ngokuthi "i-Triatomine bug". Kodwa lesi saziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "i-Kissing Bug".

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani lesi sinambuzane sibizwa ngokuthi "isinambuzane sokuqabulana." Isizathu ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sivame ukufika ebusuku abantu belele futhi silume ubuso babo, ikakhulukazi izindawo ezizungeze izindebe noma amehlo. Sithola igama laso ngoba siluma ngendlela ebonakala sengathi sibaqabulana.

Kodwa lesi sifo asisabalaliswa nje ukulunywa yizinambuzane. Yilokhu okwenzekayo:

1. Njengoba "isibungu esiqabulayo" simunca igazi emzimbeni wakho, siyakhipha indle eduze nendawo yokuluma.

2. I-parasite `(Trypanosoma cruzi)` engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni itholakala endle yalesi sinambuzane.

3. Uma uklwebha noma uthinta indawo okulunywe kuyo ngengozi, indle yalesi silwanyana ingangena emzimbeni wakho ngenxeba, amehlo akho, ikhala, noma umlomo.

Into eyingozi kakhulu ngalesi sifo ukuthi abantu abaningi ababonisi zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala zokutheleleka. Ngakho abazi nokuthi banalesi sifo. Uma singelashwa, lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu futhi sibangele umonakalo omkhulu enhliziyweni nasesimisweni sokugaya ukudla iminyaka eminingi, ngisho namashumi eminyaka.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo iChagas?

Isifo se-Chagas sinezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: isigaba esibucayi kanye nesigaba esingamahlalakhona.

Izimpawu zokuqala (isigaba esibi kakhulu)

Lezi zimpawu zingabonakala emavikini ambalwa okuqala noma ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemva kokutheleleka. Kodwa abantu abaningi abanazo nhlobo izimpawu , noma izimpawu abanazo zincane kakhulu, njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile.

• Imfiva
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• Ukukhathala
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Uhudo nokuhlanza
• Indawo lapho izinambuzane zikuluma khona iba bomvu, ivuvuke, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ikhule ibe yisilonda (i-chagoma).
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwejwabu leso. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "isibonakaliso sikaRomaña" ngokwezokwelapha. Lesi yisibonakaliso esiqondile kakhulu.

Izimpawu ezikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (isigaba esingapheli)

Uma isigaba sokuqala singelashwa, ukutheleleka kuhlala emzimbeni. Kodwa kungahlala iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu. Cishe u-30% - 40% wabantu abathelelekile ekugcineni bazoba nezinkinga ezinkulu. Lezi yizimpawu eziyingozi kakhulu:

Ingabe yi-"kisin bug" kuphela esakaza lesi sifo?

Lesi sifo sisakazwa kakhulu yi-"kissing bug". Kodwa-ke, singasakazwa nangezinye izindlela eziningana.

• Ukusuka kumama kuya enganeni: Uma umama okhulelwe enalesi sifo, singadluliselwa enganeni yakhe nge-placenta, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, noma ngokuncelisa.
• Ngokudla okuthelelekile: Ngokuphuza ukudla noma ijusi yezithelo (ikakhulukazi engakaphekwanga) engcolile yi-parasite.
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi noma ukufakelwa isitho: Ukuthola igazi noma izitho zomzimba ezivela kumuntu onegciwane. Kodwa-ke, le ngozi manje iphansi kakhulu emazweni amaningi ngoba abanikeli ngegazi manje sebehlolwa isifo iChagas.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?

Lesi sifo asivamile eSri Lanka, kodwa ingozi iphezulu kulabo abanezimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma uhlala noma uke wahlala ezindaweni zasemaphandleni eNingizimu Melika, eMelika Ephakathi, noma eMexico, ikakhulukazi ezindlini ezinezindonga zodaka, uphahla olufulelwe ngotshani, futhi ezingenazo izikrini emafasiteleni, "i-kissing bug" cishe ingase ihlale ezindaweni ezinjalo.
• Uma umama enesifo se-Chagas bese umntwana ezalwa.
• Uma igazi liqoqwe ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale izindlela zokuhlola igazi (emazweni amaningi phakathi kuka-1990-2007).

Izinkinga ezinkulu ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yesifo i-Chagas

Kudingeka sikhathazeke kakhulu ngalesi sifo ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhathi eside esingazibangela.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko ezingaba khona esigabeni esingamahlalakhona yilezi:

• Ukungalingani kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia): Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
• Ukuma kwenhliziyo: Ukuyeka ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
• I-Dilated cardiomyopathy: Imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka, inhliziyo iyakhula, futhi ayikwazi ukupompa igazi kahle.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni.
• Umphimbo okhulisiwe: Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla.
• Ukukhula kwekholoni: Ukuqunjelwa okukhulu kwenzeka.

Uthola kanjani ukuthi unalesi sifo?

Indlela eyinhloko yokuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo i-Chagas yini ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Lokhu kuhlola ama-antibodies egazini, okuyizivikelo zomzimba zomzimba ngokumelene ne-parasite i-T. cruzi.

Uma unezimpawu ezihlobene nenhliziyo yakho noma uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe okwengeziwe.

• I-Echocardiogram: Iskeni sokubheka umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo senhliziyo.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
• I-X-ray noma i-CT scan: Ukuthatha izithombe zesifuba noma isisu.
• I-endoscopy Ephezulu: Ukuhlolwa komphimbo kusetshenziswa ipayipi elinekhamera.
• I-Colonoscopy: Ukuhlolwa kwamathumbu amakhulu.

Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa?

Yebo, ngenhlanhla kukhona ukwelashwa kwalokhu. Izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi ebulala izimuncagazi zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Yi -'benznidazole' kanye ne -'nifurtimox' .

Abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi lapho bethatha lo muthi. Isibonelo, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu , kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha. Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi, kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uzokunikeza ikhambi.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma uke wahlala noma wavakashela indawo lapho isifo se-Chagas sivame khona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla.
• Uma usola ukuthi unalesi sifo futhi ufuna ukuhlolwa (ikakhulukazi ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa).

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezimbi ezilandelayo, hamba ngokushesha uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukuqina kwentamo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba
• Uhudo olunzima noma ukuhlanza
• Ukudideka noma i-dementia

Ingabe lesi sifo singavinjelwa?

Yebo, kunezindlela zokuzivikela, ikakhulukazi uma uhlala noma uhamba ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu.

• Ukufutha izibulala-zinambuzane emakhaya nasezindaweni ezizungezile.
• Ukuvala kahle imigodi eminyango nasemafasiteleni ukuze "izimbungulu eziqabulayo" zingangeni endlini.
• Ukusebenzisa amanethi, njengamanethi omiyane, lapho ulele.
• Gwema ukuphuza ijusi yezithelo engagayiwe uketshezi olufakwe amagciwane nokudla ukudla okungase kube nokungcola kwalesi silwanyana.

Uma uke waya endaweni eyingozi futhi unethemba lokukhulelwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwesifo i-Chagas.