Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu amakhulu, i-colectomy. Sonke siyakhathazeka kancane uma sizwa igama elithi "ukuhlinzwa." Kodwa uma usuwazi kahle ukuthi kuyini, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani, ukwesaba kwakho kuzophela. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
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Kuyini i-colectomy?
Kalula nje, i-colectomy ukususwa kwengxenye noma wonke amathumbu akho amakhulu (ikholoni). Amathumbu amakhulu ayingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla. Uma le ngxenye yonakele ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha, ayisebenzi kahle. Yilapho odokotela benquma ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kunconywa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Umdlavuza wekholoni: Susa ingxenye yekholoni equkethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- I-Diverticulitis: Lesi yisimo lapho kwakheka khona izikhwama ezincane odongeni lwamathumbu amakhulu, ezithelelekayo futhi zivuvuke.
- Ukopha kwamathumbu: Uma unokopha okungalawuleki okuvela emathunjini.
- Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amakhulu: Uma amathumbu evalekile ngokuphelele ngesizathu esithile.
- Isifo samathumbu esibi kakhulu: Lapho izimo ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn noma i-ulcerative colitis ziba zimbi kakhulu.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunengozi enkulu kakhulu yokuba nomdlavuza esikhathini esizayo ngenxa yezimo zofuzo ezizuzwe njengefa (isibonelo, i-Lynch syndrome), lokhu kungenziwa futhi njengendlela yokuvimbela i-colectomy ukuze kuncishiswe leyo ngozi.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalolu hlinzeko?
Yebo, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngengxenye yamathumbu esusiwe. Lokhu kunqunywa udokotela okwelaphayo ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sezokwelapha.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa Kokuhlinzwa Okuphelele | Ikholoni lakho lonke lizosuswa. |
| Ukususwa Kwesikhumba Okungaphelele | Ingxenye egulayo yekholoni kuphela esuswayo. Kunezinye izinhlobo zalokhu futhi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Hemicolectomy | Uhlangothi olulodwa lwamathumbu amakhulu, kungaba uhlangothi lwesokudla noma lwesobunxele, luyasuswa. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Proctocolectomy | Kokubili amathumbu amakhulu kanye ne-rectum kuyasuswa. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Sigmoid Colectomy | Ingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu amakhulu, i-sigmoid colon, exhumanisa ne-rectum, iyasuswa. |
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukulungiselela.
Okokuqala, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokhuluma nawe futhi akuchazele uhlobo lokuhlinzwa ozokwenziwa, ukuthi kuzokwenziwa kanjani (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuzokwenziwa nge-incision enkulu noma ngekhamera). Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuze babone ukuthi umzimba wakho uyakwazi yini ukubhekana nokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- I-Colonoscopy
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-EKG (i-Electrocardiogram) okuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, njenge-CT scans noma i-MRI scans
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokwazisa ngezinto okudingeka uzilandele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Hlela ukuthi othile akushayele imoto akuyise ekhaya esuka esibhedlela: Ngeke ukwazi ukushayela imoto yakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Qala ukudla okuwuketshezi: Uzocelwa ukuthi uphuze uketshezi olufana nesobho kanye nojusi wezithelo izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukulungiswa kwamathumbu: Ngosuku olungaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzonikezwa uketshezi olukhethekile lokuphuza ukuze ukhiphe amathumbu akho ngokuphelele. Lokhu akumnandi kancane, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni yokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Awukwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini kusukela phakathi kwamabili ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nangemva kwalokho?
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, uzohlinzwa ngokuphelele, ngakho ngeke uzwe lutho. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusika okukodwa okude esiswini sakho (i-Open Colectomy) noma ukusika okuncane okuningana ngosizo lwekhamera (i-Laparoscopic Colectomy). Bazosusa ingxenye egulayo yekholoni lakho bese bexhumanisa izingxenye ezimbili eziphilile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-anastomosis .
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukuxhumanisa izingxenye ezimbili ezinempilo ndawonye. Isibonelo, uma isikhala phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili ezisele sikhulu kakhulu, noma uma kungenzeki ukuzixhumanisa ngokushesha ngenxa yokutheleleka, udokotela ohlinzayo angase anqume ukwenza i- ostomy .
Kuyini i-Ostomy?
I-ostomy ihilela ukuletha ingxenye enempilo yamathumbu ebusweni besikhumba esiswini, okudala umgodi omusha (stoma) ukuze indle idlule kuwo. Indle iqoqwa esikhwameni esikhethekile (isikhwama se-ostomy) esinamathiselwe kulowo mgodi.
Siyazi ukuthi lokhu kuyinguquko enkulu empilweni yakho. Kodwa uzothola zonke izeluleko nokuqeqeshwa okudingayo ukuze uphathe lokhu futhi uqhubeke uphila impilo evamile esibhedlela. Ngakho ungesabi.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa noma isonto. Uzokhawulelwa ekudleni okuphuzwayo nokudla okuthambile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ungabuyela ekudleni okuvamile njengoba ululama. Kungathatha amasonto afinyelela kwayisithupha ukululama ngokuphelele ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bangabuyela emisebenzini yabo eminingi evamile zingakapheli amasonto amabili.
Kufanele ukhulume nini nodokotela?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezingase zivele lapho ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, tshela udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo ngokushesha.
| Isici sesixwayiso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane ophezulu | Ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe, umuzwa wobuthakathaka. |
| Izimpawu zokutheleleka endaweni yokusikwa | Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma ubomvu obuzungeze indawo yokusikwa. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu obukhula kancane kancane | Uma ubuhlungu besisu bukhula kancane kancane esikhundleni sokuncipha. |
| Ubunzima bokukhipha indle | Akukho ukuhamba kwamathumbu noma ukuqunjelwa izinsuku eziningana. |
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-colectomy kungaba yinto eshintsha impilo. Kunganciphisa izimpawu zakho ezibuhlungu, kwelaphe umdlavuza wakho, noma kukusize uphile isikhathi eside nomdlavuza. Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Bahlala bekulungele ukukusiza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Colectomy ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwengxenye eyonakele yamathumbu amakhulu.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ezimweni zezokwelapha ezimbi kakhulu njengomdlavuza kanye ne-diverticulitis.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa nokuhlanza amathumbu, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ungase udinge isikhwama se-ostomy ukuze ukhiphe indle, kodwa uzothola lonke usizo oludingayo ukuze uphile naso.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa, ngakho-ke yiba nomusa kuwe futhi uzinike isikhathi sokuphulukiswa.
- Uma uthola izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nomkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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