Ingabe ingane yakho encane inenkinga ye-thyroid kusukela izalwa? Ake sixoxe nge-Congenital Hypothyroidism!

Injabulo nothando oluzwayo lapho ingane yakho encane ifika kuleli zwe aluchazeki, akunjalo? Wonke umzali unethemba lokubona ingane yakhe iphilile futhi ijabule. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nezingane ezincane zingaba nezinkinga zempilo ezingalindelekile. Esinye isimo esinjalo, esibonakala ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa, kodwa singalawulwa ngokuphelele uma sibonakala kusenesikhathi futhi selashwe ngokushesha, sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-congenital hypothyroidism'. Lesi simo sisibiza ngokwezokwelapha (Congenital Hypothyroidism) . Ngisho noma ukuzwa leli gama kungase kwesabise, uma unolwazi olufanele ngalo, uzoqaphela ukuthi kuyinto engaphathwa.

Kuyini lokhu 'ukungabi namandla okuzalwa'?

Kalula nje, (i-Congenital Hypothyroidism) yisimo lapho i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kahle lapho izalwa . I-thyroid gland iyi-gland encane, efana novemvane etholakala ngaphambili entanyeni yethu. Ikhiqiza uhlobo lwe-hormone olubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, okungukuthi i-thyroid hormone. Lawa ma-hormone abalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchopho bomntwana omncane, ukukhula komzimba, kanye nezinqubo ze-metabolic.

Ngakho-ke, uma indlala yegilo yomntwana osanda kuzalwa ingakhuli kahle, noma uma ingasebenzi kahle, umzimba awukhiqizi amahomoni egilo anele. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi (Congenital Hypothyroidism).

Uma lesi simo singelashwa ngesikhathi, singaba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhuleni kwengane, ikakhulukazi ukukhubazeka kwengqondo . Eqinisweni, (i-Congenital Hypothyroidism) iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokukhubazeka kwengqondo okungavinjelwa. Yingakho emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, okuhlanganisa neSri Lanka, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuncane ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid komntwana ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuzalwa. Lokhu kuyinto eyenziwa njalo.

Ngokwezibalo, lesi simo sithinta cishe eyodwa kwezingu-3,000 kuya kwezingu-4,000 ezisanda kuzalwa. Kuthiwa futhi amantombazane anamathuba aphindwe kabili okuba naso kunabafana.

Iningi lezinsana ezine-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa kuzodingeka ziphuze amaphilisi e-thyroid hormone impilo yazo yonke. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zine-hypothyroidism yesikhashana, ephela ngokwayo phakathi kwamasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, lezi zingane zingaphila impilo evamile nenempilo.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonisa ukuthi ingane inalesi simo?

Kungase kungabonakali ngokushesha ukuthi umntwana osanda kuzalwa une-hypothyroidism. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-thyroid okukhulunywe ngakho ekuqaleni kubaluleke kangaka.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimpawu ezingabonakali zingabonakala emavikini ambalwa okuqala okuphila. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

Izimpawu ezingase zivele emasontweni ambalwa okuqala:

• Ukuqunjelwa:Ingane inenkinga yokuya endlini yangasese, futhi ingase ingayi izinsuku eziningana.
• Imisipha ephansi (i-Hypotonia): Umzimba womntwana uzizwa ubuthakathaka, ungenampilo, futhi amalungu omzimba azizwa ebuthakathaka uma ethintwa.
• Ubunzima bokuphuza ubisi: Ukungabaza ukuphuza ubisi, ukungakwazi ukulumunca kahle ngisho nalapho uphuza, noma ukuhlanza ubisi ngemva kokuphuza.
• I-jaundice eqhubekayo: I-jaundice eyenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa ivame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, i-jaundice ingaqhubeka amasonto.
• Ukudinwa: Umntwana ubonakala elele njalo, kunzima ukuvuka, futhi ubonakala engenasithakazelo sokudlala.
• Ukuhosha kwezwi: Uma umntwana ekhala, kuba noshintsho ezwini, ukuhosha.
• I-Hypothermia: Umzimba womntwana uzizwa ubanda ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Cabanga nje, uma ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa ibonakala ilele njalo, ivilapha kakhulu ukuncela, futhi ibonakala ibanda uma uyithinta, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuqaphela kancane ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi.

Uma ingelashwa, izimpawu ezingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zifaka:

Uma lezi zimpawu zokuqala zingabonwa futhi zingalashwa, izimpawu ezengeziwe zingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

• Ukuqunjelwa: Isisu sibonakala sikhulu futhi sivuvukele.
• I-anemia: Ukwehla kwevolumu yegazi emzimbeni.
• I-Bradycardia: Isilinganiso senhliziyo siyehla.
• Izinwele eziqinile: Izinwele ziqinile futhi zomile.
• Isikhumba esomile nesibandayo: Isikhumba sizizwa sibanda uma usithinta futhi sizizwa somile.
• I-Goiter: Ukuvuvukala entanyeni lapho kukhona khona indlala yegilo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi: Umfutho wegazi ophansi .
• Ulimi olukhulu (i-Macroglossia): Ulimi luba lukhulu kunokuvamile, ngezinye izikhathi luvele emlonyeni.
• Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze amehlo: Indawo ezungeze amehlo ibukeka ikhukhumele.

Akudingeki wesabe uma ubona eyodwa noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu, njengoba ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingabangelwa ezinye izizathu. Kodwa uma ubona into efana nale, kungcono kakhulu ukubona udokotela.

Kungani izingane zethu zikhula lokhu?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa yiphutha ekukhuleni kwendlala yegilo (i-Thyroid Dysgenesis) . Kunezinto eziningana ezingadala lokhu:

Izizathu ezivame kakhulu:

• I-Ectopic Thyroid Gland: I-thyroid gland ingase itholakale endaweni ehlukile entanyeni, mhlawumbe ngaphansi kolimi, kunokuba itholakale endaweni yayo evamile.
• Ukwakheka kwe-thyroid: I-thyroid gland ingase ingabi khona kusukela ekuzalweni.
• I-hypoplasia ye-thyroid:Nakuba indlala yegilo isivele yakhekile, incane kakhulu ngobukhulu futhi ayikakhuli kahle.

Lezi zimo ezintathu ziyimbangela evame kakhulu ye-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa.

Izizathu zokubona okuncane:

Kunezinye izizathu ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, kodwa azivamile kangako.

• Ukuguquka Kwezakhi Zofuzo: Kungabangelwa izinguquko ezithile ezakhi zofuzo ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid. Lokhu kungase kube ufuzo.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine Kumama Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa: I-iodine yamaminerali ibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone e-thyroid. Uma umama engenayo i-iodine eyanele ekudleni kwakhe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingathinta i-thyroid yengane.
• Imithi ethile ethathwa ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Uma umama esebenzisa imithi yezifo ezithile zengqondo, njenge-lithium, noma imithi ye-hyperthyroidism, njengemithi ye-antithyroid, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid engane.
• Umama othola ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-thyroid ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Uma umama ethola ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-thyroid (njenge-iodine ekhishwa ngemisebe) ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, kungathinta nengane.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, uma kungelashwa kusenesikhathi, (i-Congenital Hypothyroidism) ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu . Ezibaluleke kakhulu kulezi yilezi:

• Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo: Njengoba ama-hormone e-thyroid ebalulekile ekukhuleni kobuchopho, ukuntuleka kwe-hormone kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kwentuthuko yengqondo.
• Ukukhula okulibazisekile: Izinto ezifana nokukhula kobude nokukhula komzimba ziyalibazisa.
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzwa: Ezinye izingane zingaze zifinyelele ezingeni lokungakwazi ukuzwa.
• I-anemia
• Izimo zenhliziyo ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Izinkinga zokubona

Yingakho sithi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela. Ukwenza kanjalo kungavimbela eziningi zalezi zinkinga.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa neSri Lanka, zonke izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zihlolwa nge-thyroid. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha amaconsi amancane egazi esithendeni somntwana nokuhlola amazinga amabili ama-hormone.

• I-TSH (I-Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone): Lena yi-hormone ekhishwa yi-pituitary gland evuselela i-thyroid gland ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone e-thyroid. Uma i-thyroid ingasebenzi kahle, amazinga e-TSH avame ukwanda.
• I-T4 (i-Thyroxine): Lena yi-hormone eyinhloko ekhiqizwa yi-thyroid gland. Lokhu kusiza ukukhula kwengane kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ngendlela efanele. Ku-(Congenital Hypothyroidism), leli zinga le-T4 liphansi.

Uma imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi ingajwayelekile, okusho ukuthi i-TSH iphezulu kakhulu kanti i-T4 iphansi kakhulu, udokotela angenza ezinye izivivinyo. Isibonelo, kungenziwa i-thyroid scan noma i-ultrasound ukuze kubonakale ukuthi i-thyroid gland isendaweni efanele yini, ukuthi ingakanani, nokuthi kukhona yini izinguquko esakhiweni sayo. Lezi yizona kuphela izindlela zokwenza ukuxilongwa okuqondile.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa iwukufaka esikhundleni se-hormone ye-thyroid engekho emzimbeni. Umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu yi -levothyroxine . Empeleni lena yi-hormone yokwenziwa ye-T4. Iza ngesimo sephilisi. Ngakho-ke uma uyinika ingane encane, kufanele uyichoboze bese uyixuba nobisi lwebele, ifomula, noma amanzi. Udokotela we-endocrinologist wengane yakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi uyinika kanjani. Amanye amafomula asekelwe ku-soy angaphazamisa ukumuncwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid, ngakho-ke kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezinjalo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqala lo muthi zingakapheli inyanga yokuqala yokuzalwa komntwana. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho singavimbela unomphela khona ukukhubazeka kwengqondo esikhulume ngakho.

Ngemva kokuqala imithi, udokotela uzohlola njalo amazinga e-thyroid hormone egazini lengane yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ithola umthamo ofanele wemithi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze:

• Njalo ngenyanga noma ezinyangeni ezimbili kuze kube yilapho umntwana esenezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.
• Kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu ngemva kokuba umntwana esenezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.

Iningi labantu abane-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa kuzodingeka bathathe lo muthi impilo yabo yonke. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, abanye abantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa okwesikhashana kuphela. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi isimo sengane yakho sinjani nokuthi kuzodingeka bathathe umuthi isikhathi esingakanani.

Ingane enalesi simo ingaphila isikhathi esingakanani?

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kusabisa, kodwa isikhathi sokuphila sengane ene-(Congenital Hypothyroidism) empeleni sifana nesomuntu ongenaso lesi simo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa kwengane ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma wenza lokho, ngeke ube nalutho lokwesaba ngekusasa.

Uma ingane yakho ikhula, ingenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi ewufunayo, iqale umndeni uma ifuna, futhi yenze konke ngendlela evamile. Uma isiyekile ukuthatha amaphilisi e-thyroid hormone nsuku zonke, izokwazi ukuphila impilo ejwayelekile ngokuphelele.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela lokhu?

Ngenxa yokuthi futhi kuyizakhi zofuzo, i-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa uma ukhulelwe, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani ingozi enganeni yakho. Angahlola amazinga akho e-iodine futhi abone ukuthi udinga ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko emithini yakho.

Udinga ukubona udokotela ngasiphi isikhathi?

Uma ingane yakho ine-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa, udokotela we-endocrinologist uzohlola njalo amazinga ayo e-hormone ye-thyroid. Kodwa-ke, uma unomuzwa wokuthi izimpawu zengane yakho ziyabuya ngisho nangemva kokuqala imithi, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho. Umthamo womuthi ungase udinge ukulungiswa.

Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Njengomzali, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho. Kuvamile. Ungabuza udokotela owelapha ingane yakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ungangitshela ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lesi simo enganeni yami?
• Ingabe lesi yisimo sesikhashana noma esihlala njalo?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka aphuze imithi impilo yakhe yonke?
• Unquma kanjani isilinganiso esiqondile somuthi?
• Ngingayinika kanjani ingane yami lo muthi?
• Kuthiwani uma ungakwazi ukunikeza umthamo womuthi?
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-thyroid kufanele kwenziwe kangaki?

Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.

Into yokugcina engingayisho yile (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Njengomzali, unethemba elikhulu ngomntwana wakho osanda kuzalwa lapho ezalwa. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ungaqiniseki lapho uzwa ukuthi umntwana wakho unesifo esithile sempilo. "Kuzomthinta kanjani umntwana wami uma ngimtshela (Congenital Hypothyroidism)?" "Lizoba njani ikusasa lakhe?" Cishe unemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho.

Ungesabi. Udokotela wakho ukhona ukuphendula yonke le mibuzo futhi akusize. Mcele lonke ulwazi nezinsiza ozidingayo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma uqala ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele futhi uthatha imithi efanele, ingane yakho ingaphila impilo ejabulisayo nenempilo njengabo bonke abanye. Ngakho-ke hlala uqinile futhi ulandele iseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Leyo yinto engcono kakhulu ongayenzela ingane yakho.

I- hypothyroidism yokuzalwa, indlala yegilo, izifo zobuntwana, ama-hormone egilo, ukukhula kwengane, i-Levothyroxine