Kwenzekani enganeni uma uthola i-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Masiqaphele i-Congenital Rubella Syndrome!

Njengomama okhulelwe, ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile ngisho noma ungenwa umkhuhlane? Kuvamile kakhulu. Ngoba ucabanga kakhulu ngengane yakho eyigugu esibelethweni sakho. Yingakho, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi ingathinta kanjani ingane esibelethweni uma umama ethola i-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi i-Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) . Nakuba igama lide kancane, masiliqonde kalula.

Iyini i-Congenital Rubella Syndrome?

Kalula nje, i-congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) iyiqoqo lezinkinga zempilo ezenzeka ezinganeni lapho umama okhulelwe ethola i-rubella (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-German measles). Igama elithi "congenital" lapha lisho "ukuba khona lapho kuzalwa."

Uma igciwane le-rubella lingena emzimbeni womntwana, lingathinta ukukhula komntwana ngezindlela ezahlukene. Le miphumela ingabangela izinkinga ngisho nangemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Isibonelo, ama-cataract noma isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. Ubunzima be-CRS bungahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu uma umama ethola i-rubella ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kwamasonto ayi-13.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Emazweni afana neMelika, ukwanda kwesifo se-rubella syndrome (CRS) esizalwa naso kuphansi kakhulu ngoba umuthi wokugomela i-rubella usetshenziswa kabanzi. Kodwa-ke, kuyinto ekhathazayo ukuthi, uma sibheka umhlaba wonke , kubikwa amacala e-CRS angaba ngu-100,000 njalo ngonyaka. Nasezweni lethu, umuthi wokugomela i-rubella ufakiwe ohlelweni lokugomela lukazwelonke, ngakho-ke lesi simo silawulwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuqwashisa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-rubella syndrome yokuzalwa?

Izimpawu kanye nobunzima balesi simo se-CRS kungahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni. Uma umama etheleleka nge-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi umntwana abe nezimpawu ezinzima. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimo se-CRS singesibi kakhulu, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezicacile lapho ezalwa.

Lezi ezinye zezimpawu zokuqala ezingabonakala ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana:

• Isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa.
• Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone amabala ayindilinga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma amabhamuza esikhumbeni somntwana wakho. Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuthi “i-blueberry muffin rash” ngoba ibukeka njengamabala e-blueberry muffin.
• Amabala namabala ansundu ansomi, abomvu, noma ansundu esikhumbeni (i-Purpura).
• Ikhanda lomntwana lincane kunelijwayelekile (i-Microcephaly).

Lezi ezinye izimpawu ezingase zivele ngemva nje kokuzalwa komntwana:

• Ama-cataract azalwa nawo kanye nomfutho wamehlo ophakeme (i-Glaucoma).
• Isifo Senhliziyo Esizalwa Naso. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalezi. Isibonelo, izimbobo eziphakathi kwamakamelo enhliziyo (ama-Ventricular Septal Defects, ama-Atrial Septal Defects), izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni (i-Patent Ductus Arteriosus, i-Peripheral Pulmonary Artery Stenosis) njll. Odokotela bazochaza lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
• Ukulibaziseka Kokukhula: Lokhu kusho ukuthi umntwana usephuzile ukukhasa, ukuhlala, ukuhamba, nokukhuluma, njengoba kufanele iminyaka yakhe.
• Ukwanda kwesibindi noma ubende (i-Hepatosplenomegaly).
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaqhubekela ekubeni yizithulu ngokuphelele.
• I-hemolytic anemia ibangelwa ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
• Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo.
• Inyumoniya.
• Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kanye ne-meninges (i-Meningoencephalitis).
• I-Retinopathy yePigmentary.
• Izifo zamathambo.
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele.

Okubalulekile: Izingane ezizalwa zine-Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) zisengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin kanye nesifo se-thyroid kamuva ekuphileni.

Iyini imbangela yalokhu?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye -congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) yilapho uthola i-rubella ngesikhathi ukhulelwe. Igciwane le-rubella lisuka kumama lidlule kwi-placenta bese lithelela umntwana esibelethweni. Leli gciwane lingalimaza amangqamuzana engane futhi lithinte ukukhula kwezitho ezahlukene enganeni. Yingakho kunezinkinga zempilo ezikhona lapho uzalwa.

Cabanga ukuthi le ngozi ibukeka kanjani:

• Uma umama ethola i-rubella phakathi namasonto okuqala angu-12 okukhulelwa , i-CRS ingathinta izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezingafika ku-85% .
• Uma ithelelekile phakathi kwamasonto ayi-13 kuya kwayi-16 okukhulelwa , ingathinta izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ezingafika ku -50% .
• Uma ithelelekile engxenyeni yesibili yekota yesibili , ingathinta cishe ama-25% ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.

I-Rubella yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `(RuV)`. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuqubuka okubomvu nokulumayo okuvame ukuqala ebusweni bese kusakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Lokhu akusavamile emazweni amaningi ngenxa yokugonywa. Kodwa-ke, i-rubella isekhona kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba.

Ingabe izingane ezine-CRS zingasabalalisa lesi sifo?

Yebo, lokho kubalulekile. Odokotela babheka ingane ene-rubella syndrome yokuzalwa njengethelelanayo okungenani unyaka. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane inezinyanga ezintathu ubudala futhi izivivinyo ezimbili ze-rubella, ezilandelana inyanga eyodwa, zibuya 'zingenayo' (okusho ukuthi igciwane alikho), khona-ke ayisatheleli. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze kuvikelwe abanye phakathi naleso sikhathi.

Uyibona kanjani le nkinga ye-CRS?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuxilonga i-rubella syndrome yokuzalwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa: Emazweni amaningi, kuyindlela evamile yokuhlola i-rubella kanye nezinye izifo eziningana ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Uma uba nezimpawu ze-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzoyala ukuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Bazobe sebekuchazela ngengozi yokuthi ingane yakho ibe ne-CRS.
• Ukuxilongwa kwengane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Uma uthola i-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuze abone ukuthi igciwane selisakazekele enganeni yakho. Isibonelo, i-amniocentesis, i-chorionic villus sampling, kanye ne-fetus blood sampling. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi udokotela wakho uzokwenza kuphela uma kudingeka.
• Ukuxilongwa ngemva kokuzalwa: Ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana , ukuhlolwa kwegazi (i-ELISA test) kungenziwa ukuhlola ama-antibodies egciwane le-rubella egazini lomntwana. Isampula yomchamo, isampula yamathe, noma i-nasal swab nayo ingahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umntwana unegciwane le-rubella yini. Udokotela angase acele lezi zivivinyo uma umama kwaziwa ukuthi ube ne-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma uma umntwana ebonisa izimpawu ze-CRS.

Uma ingane yakho iqinisekisiwe ukuthi ine-rubella, ithimba lezokwelapha lizoncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yonke yengane nokuthola ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingase zibangelwe yi-CRS.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi noma ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Futhi, eminye yemiphumela, njengokulahlekelwa ukuzwa kanye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo, ihlala njalo, okusho ukuthi ihlala impilo yonke. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimpawu, njenge-hemolytic anemia kanye ne-interstitial pneumonia, zingalawulwa noma zelashwe. Ezinye izimo zenhliziyo zingelashwa nangokuhlinzwa.

Ithimba lezokwelapha lengane yakho lizokwakha uhlelo oluthile lokwelashwa olusekelwe ezimpawini nasezidingweni zengane yakho. Lokhu kungadinga usizo lochwepheshe abaningi.

Uma ingane yami ine-CRS, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

I-Congenital rubella syndrome ayithinti ingane ngayinye ngendlela efanayo, futhi ubukhali bayo bungahluka. Kuzodingeka ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa okuningana ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele ukuthi i-CRS iyithinte kangakanani ingane yakho. Kungaba inqubo ethatha isikhathi. Kodwa awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Ithimba lezokwelapha lengane yakho lizoba nawe kuzo zonke izinyathelo, lichaze ukuthi iyini i-CRS nokuthi izothinta kanjani ikusasa lengane yakho nomndeni wakho.

Ngingakuvimbela yini lesi simo se-CRS?

Yebo! Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) iyisimo esingavinjelwa kakhulu!

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokhu ukugonyelwa igciwane le-rubella ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Lokho kusho ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-rubella.

ESri Lanka, sinikeza izingane umuthi wokugomela i-MMR, ovikela isimungumungwane, ukhunta kanye ne-rubella. Umthamo wokuqala uvame ukunikezwa phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-9-12 ubudala kanye nomthamo wesibili uma zineminyaka engu-3 ubudala (lezi zikhathi zingase zihluke kancane kuye ngesheduli yokugomela kazwelonke, ngakho-ke xhumana nesikhulu sezempilo sendawo yakho).

Uma ungawutholanga umuthi wokugoma useyingane, noma uma ungaqiniseki ngawo, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuwuthola manje. Uma uthola umuthi wokugoma usumdala, khumbula ukugwema ukukhulelwa izinsuku ezingu-28 (cishe inyanga) ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma. Lesi iseluleko esibaluleke kakhulu.

Ngingamnakekela kanjani umntwana wami one-CRS?

Kuye ngezinkinga zempilo ingane yakho enazo nge-CRS, ingadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo kanye nokwelashwa njengoba ikhula. Kubalulekile ukuthi umele ingane yakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ithola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okungcono kakhulu kanye nokusekelwa ekudingayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ingane yakho iphile impilo engcono kakhulu.

I-Congenital rubella syndrome yisimo esingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yengane. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi singavinjelwa kakhulu ngomuthi wokugomela i-rubella (umgomo we-MMR). Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, bona udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uvikelekile ku-rubella nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Kuwusizo olukhulu kuwe nakumntwana wakho.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) yisimo esibi kakhulu esingase senzeke enganeni uma umama okhulelwe ethola i-rubella.
• Lokhu kungabangela ingane ukuthi ibe nezinkinga zempilo ezahlukahlukene (amehlo, izindlebe, inhliziyo, ubuchopho) kusukela izalwa.
• Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu kungavinjelwa kakhulu ngomuthi wokugomela i-MMR.
• Uma ukhulelwe, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi uvikelekile yini ku-rubella ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe . Goma uma kudingeka.
• Uma uthola umuthi wokugomela i-MMR, gwema ukukhulelwa okungenani inyanga yonke.
• Uma usuvele ukhulelwe futhi usola ukuthi une-rubella, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Umndeni ophilile uyinjabulo enkulu!

I- Congenital Rubella Syndrome, i-CRS, i-Rubella, i-German Measles, ukukhulelwa, umuthi wokugomela i-Rubella, umuthi wokugomela i-MMR, Impilo yengane, Izifo zokuzalwa