Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi noma ubani azizwe esaba futhi ekhathazekile kancane lapho etshelwa ukuthi kudingeka ahlinzwe ubuchopho. Akusikho wena wedwa, kuyimizwa evamile kuwo wonke umuntu. Kodwa-ke, uma unolwazi olufanele nolucacile ngalokhu kuhlinzwa, ukwesaba nokungabaza kwakho kungancishiswa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke mayelana nalokhu kuhlinzwa kobuchopho, okubizwa ngokuthi `(Craniotomy)` kwezokwelapha.
Kalula nje, iyini le Craniotomy?
I-craniotomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa lapho udokotela wezinzwa esusa khona ingcezu encane yethambo ekhanda lakho okwesikhashana ukuze afinyelele ebuchosheni bakho, enze ukuhlinzwa okudingekayo, bese enamathisela ingcezu yethambo esusiwe . Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Odokotela bavame ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nomdlavuza wobuchopho, isifo esisongela ukuphila, noma ukulimala ekhanda ngenxa yengozi enkulu.
Manje ungase uzibuze, kukhona okunye ukuhlinzwa okufana nalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-craniectomy, uyini umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili?
Ku -craniotomy , ingxenye yethambo ekhishwe ekhanda ixhunywa kabusha ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okufanayo . Kodwa-ke, ekuhlinzweni kwe-craniotomy , ingxenye yethambo ayixhunywa kabusha ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma kukhona ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni, kudingeka kuvunyelwe ukuthi kuphele. Kamuva, ingxenye yethambo ixhunywa kabusha ekuhlinzweni okuhlukile (`(Cranioplasty)`).
Kungani udinga ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani kungenziwa i-craniotomy. Uma udokotela wakho ekuphakamisele lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yesinye sezizathu ezilandelayo.
| Isizathu sokuhlinzwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isimila sobuchopho | Ukususa ukukhula okungavamile kwamangqamuzana ebuchosheni. |
| Ihluli | Susa ihlule legazi ngaphakathi kobuchopho bese ubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi. |
| Izinkinga zemithambo yegazi | Isibonelo, ukulungisa i-aneurysm noma i-arteriovenous malformation. |
| Ukuvuvukala noma ingcindezi ebuchosheni | Uma ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho ikhuphukile, yehlisa. |
| Isifo Sokuxhuzula | Kwezinye izimo ezinzima zesifo sokuwa, ukususa ingxenye yobuchopho ebangela lesi sifo. |
| Ukuphuka kogebhezi | Ukubopha ugebhezi kabusha uma luphukile engozini enkulu. |
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlela konke ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu okufana nalokhu, futhi nawe udinga ukusekela lokho.
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka wenze okulandelayo:
- Ukuqokwa kukadokotela: Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokhuluma nawe ngokuningiliziwe ngokuhlinzwa, izingozi zako, kanye nemiphumela. Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngalesi sikhathi .
- Ukuhlolwa okuningana: Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola impilo yakho, ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okufana `(MRI)`, `(CT scan)`, `(PET scan)` nakho kungayalwa ukuhlola isimo sobuchopho bakho.
- Imiyalelo yangaphambi kokuhlinzwa:
- Bakutshela ukuthi udle isisu esingenalutho ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
- Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ungase ucelwe futhi ukuthi uqale ama-antibiotic noma eminye imithi kusenesikhathi ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ukuhlinzwa kuphumelele.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia (`(Anesthesia)`). Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzobe ulele ngokuphelele ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu. Egumbini lokuhlinza, ikhanda nomzimba wakho kuzobekwa ngendlela efanele, bese kuqala ukuhlinzwa.
1.Ukulungiselela: Okokuqala, izinwele ezizungeze indawo yokuhlinzwa ziyanqunywa bese indawo ihlanzwa kahle ukuze kususwe noma yimaphi amagciwane.
2. Ukusikwa kwesikhumba: Okulandelayo, udokotela wenza ukusikwa kwesikhumba.
3. Ukususa ithambo: Okulandelayo, kunqunywa ingxenye encane yethambo lekhanda kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile bese kususwa ngokucophelela. Le ngxenye yethambo kuzodingeka ixhunywe kabusha kamuva, ukuze ibekwe eceleni ngokuphephile.
4. Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho: Ubuchopho sebungatholakala manje. Udokotela uzobhekana nenkinga ebangele ukuhlinzwa (isib. ukususa isimila, ukulungisa umthambo wegazi).
5. Ukuhlanganisa kabusha: Ngemva kokuba ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho sekuqediwe, ithambo lekhanda elisusiwe lihlanganiswa ndawonye njengephazili, liboshwe ngamapuleti amancane nezikulufo. Ngemva kwalokho, isikhumba sithungwa ndawonye.
Ukuhlinzwa konke kuvame ukuthatha amahora angaba ngu-3-5, kodwa kungaba isikhathi eside kuye ngokuthi kwenziwani.
Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uyakwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa ngenkathi uvukile?
Yebo, kunjalo. Kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, lokhu kuhlinzwa kufanele kwenziwe uvukile. Kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Awake Craniotomy." Cabanga nje, uma indawo okufanele uhlinzwe kuyo iseduze nengxenye yobuchopho bakho elawula inkulumo, umbono, noma ukunyakaza, udokotela ohlinzayo ufuna ukubona ukuthi leyo misebenzi iyenzeka yini ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu . Ngoba ubuchopho abubuzwa ubuhlungu, futhi ugebhezi lwakho nesikhumba sakho kuphazamisekile. Udokotela uzokucela ukuthi ukhulume, ukhombe isithombe, noma uhambise isandla sakho, ukuze akwazi ukuhlinzwa endaweni efanele.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzolaliswa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Lapho, isimo sakho (ukuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi) sizoqashwa njalo yithimba lezokwelapha. Uma isimo sakho sesizinzile, uzodluliselwa egunjini elivamile.
- Ukuhlala esibhedlela: Ngokuvamile, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto lonke.
- Ukuphumula: Kubalulekile ukuphumula embhedeni ikhanda lakho liphakeme kancane phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Ukululama ekhaya: Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, ukuphumula kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu . Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ukululama ngokuphelele. Kufanele nakanjani uhlole nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuya emsebenzini noma ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi onzima.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi noma izingozi?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kunezingozi nezinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-craniotomy. Kodwa-ke, ngamasu ezokwelapha anamuhla, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Ithimba lokuhlinzwa lenza konke okusemandleni alo ukuvimbela lokhu.
Izingozi ezingaba khona zingafaka:
- Ukopha (`(Ukopha)`)
- Ubuhlungu
- Ukutheleleka (`(Ukutheleleka)`)
- Isimo se-epilepticus (`(Ukuquleka)`)
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
Nakuba imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside njengobunzima bokuhamba, ubunzima bokukhuluma, noma izinguquko zokuziphatha zingase zenzeke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lezi zingozi kusengaphambili.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela?
Uma usubuyele ekhaya, nakekela impilo yakho. Kubalulekile ukubika noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha okukhulu.
| Izimo ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo | |
|---|---|
| Khuluma nodokotela wakho: |
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| Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha: |
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Ekugcineni, i-craniotomy iwukuhlinzwa okubaluleke kakhulu okungelapha izimo ezibucayi futhi kusindise izimpilo. Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokugcwele futhi liphile impilo evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwethemba ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, ulandele imiyalelo yalo, futhi ubazise uma unenkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-craniotomy iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu lapho ingxenye yethambo lekhanda isuswa khona okwesikhashana bese ixhunywa kabusha ukuze ifinyelele ebuchosheni.
- Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwelapha izimo ezibucayi ezifana nezimila zobuchopho, amahlule egazi, kanye nezingozi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nokubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.
- Ukuphumula kubalulekile ukuze umuntu alulame ngokuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, okuvame ukuthatha cishe amasonto ayi-6-8.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile (ubuhlungu obukhulu, umkhuhlane, ukuqina komzimba) ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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