Ingabe kukhona okungajwayelekile okwenzekile emaphashini akho? Ake sixoxe nge-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi unomkhuhlane oqala njengomkhuhlane futhi ungapholi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa? Bese uqala ukukhwehlela bese uthola kunzima ukuphefumula ngisho noma ukhathele kancane? Ungase ucabange ukuthi ukutheleleka ngegciwane nje. Kodwa, lokho akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo samaphaphu esingavamile okudingeka sonke sisiqaphele. Sibizwa ngokuthi i-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia , noma i-COP ngamafuphi.

Kuyini i-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kulungile, manje ake sibheke ukuthi siyini ngempela lesi simo samaphaphu esibizwa ngokuthi i-COPD. Kalula nje, yisimo esithinta ama-air sac amancane kakhulu (ama-alveoli) emaphashini ethu - izakhiwo ezincane ezifana nebhaluni lapho umoya-mpilo ungena khona futhi i-carbon dioxide iphuma khona lapho siphefumula - kanye nemigudu yomoya emincane (ama-bronchioles) exhuma kuzo.

Okwenzekayo kulesi simo (COP) ukuthi lezi zikhwama zomoya kanye nezindlela zomoya ezincane ziyavuvukala . Njengoba nje uma sinesilonda endaweni ethile emzimbeni wethu, siyavuvukala, sibe bomvu, futhi sibe buhlungu, into efanayo yenzeka ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu. Kodwa lokhu akuyona into ebangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane njenge-pneumonia evamile. Lokhu kuhlukile.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwezicubu zamaphaphu, okusho ukuthi amaphaphu awabe esakwazi ukuguquguquka futhi awasakwazi ukusebenza kahle.

Igama elithi "cryptogenic" lisho ukuthi "imbangela engaziwa." Lokhu kusho ukuthi odokotela abakayazi imbangela eqondile yalesi simo (COP). Yingakho igama elithi "idiopathic" ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziswa kulesi simo, elinencazelo efanayo.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo (COP)?

Lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi (COP) singakhula kunoma ubani. Izinto ezifana nobulili, uhlanga, nombala azisithinti. Kodwa-ke, sivame ukubonakala kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-60. Enye into ukuthi abantu abaningi abathola lesi simo (COP) ababhemi .

Futhi, uma unezifo ezithile zokuvuvukala, ingozi yakho yokuthola i-COP inganda kancane. Isibonelo:

• I-Lupus
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis
• I-Scleroderma
• I-multiple sclerosis
• Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo - izimo ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn noma i-ulcerative colitis.

Kodwa akulona iqiniso ukuthi wonke umuntu onalezi zifo uzoba ne-COP. Lezi yizinto eziyingozi nje.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Empeleni, i-COP iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu.Lokhu kubikwa cishe koyedwa kwabathathu kwabayi-100,000 abantu abalaliswe esibhedlela e-United States, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukuzwa ngakho.

Iyini imbangela yokwakheka kwe-(COP)?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-COP yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi "cryptogenic" noma "idiopathic." Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho mbangela ethile etholakele . Ngaphambi kokuba odokotela baxilonge i-COP, bazohlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zibangela yini izimpawu. Isibonelo, bazohlola izifo ezifana namagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta, noma imithi. Kuphela ngemva kokuba konke lokhu sekukhishiwe, lapho bezobheka khona i-COP njengembangela engaba khona.

Kunezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingahlotshaniswa nesimo (COP). Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abanalezi zimo banethuba eliphansi lokukhula (COP).

• I-Lymphoma
• Amathumba emaphashini
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• Umdlavuza wegazi - okungukuthi, umdlavuza ohlobene namaseli amhlophe egazi noma amaseli abomvu egazi.

Ziyini izimpawu zesimo (se-COP)?

Cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-COPD baqala ukuba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane , ezivame ukuhlala amasonto amaningana.

• Ukugodola
• Ukukhwehlela okomile (ukukhwehlela okungenamsoco)
• Ukukhathala / ubuthakathaka
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla
• Imfiva
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki
• Ukujuluka ebusuku

Ngemva kwalokho, cishe abantu abangu-75% baqala ukuzwa lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo :

• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli
• Ukuphefumula kanzima/ukuphelelwa umoya ngenxa yokuzikhandla . Cabanga nje, awukwazi ukukhuphuka izitebhisi njengoba wawuvame ukwenza, futhi uzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngisho noma uhamba ibanga elifushane.

Akuvamile kakhulu, lezi zimpawu zingabonakala futhi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Amaphaphu awile / i-pneumothorax
• Ukukhwehlela igazi
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga
• Amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini lakho / i-hypoxemia

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela okomile kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula okuhlala amasonto amaningana, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela . Ungahlali nje ekhaya.

I-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP) ihlolwa kanjani?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Bese bezokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulalela amaphaphu nge-stethoscope. Uma ulalele amaphaphu omuntu one-COPD, ungase uzwe umsindo "wokuqhekeka", ofana nokuqhekeka kweqabunga elomile, noma umsindo "wokuklewula" ophansi uma uphefumula.

Okulandelayo, udokotela kuzodingeka akhiphe ezinye izimo ezingase zibangele lezi zimpawu. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimpawu aziqondile ku-COP, kufanele zikhishwe ezimweni ezifana nalezi:

• I-pneumonia ehleliwe yesibili - Lokhu kungabangelwa izifo, imithi, noma izinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba.
• I-pneumonia ebangelwa amagciwane, isikhunta, noma igciwane.
• I-pneumonia engapheli ye-eosinophilic - Lokhu ukwanda kohlobo lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi i-eosinophilia emaphashini.
• I-hypersensitivity pneumonitis – Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu okubangelwa ukungezwani nento ethile emvelweni.
• Ezinye izifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona.
• I-lymphoma yephaphu eyinhloko.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP) kanye ne-Ordinary Organizing Pneumonia (OP)?

Lokhu futhi kuyinto edinga ukuchazwa kancane. Esinye isimo esinezimpawu ezifana ne-(COP) sibizwa ngokuthi i-Secondary Organizing Pneumonia (OP) . Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani ne-(COP), lesi simo (Secondary OP) singabangelwa ukutheleleka, imithi, umdlavuza, noma enye inkinga yokuzivikela komzimba emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo (Secondary OP) sihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza we-hematologic, ukuchayeka emithini eyahlukene, kanye nokuchayeka emisebeni emaphashini.

Ngaphambi kokuba odokotela baqale ukwelapha (COP), bazama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi akusona isimo (se-OP yesibili). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa kokubili kungahluka. Futhi, imiphumela yokululama kubantu abane-OP yesibili ingaba mibi kancane kunabantu abane-COP.

(COP) Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisiza ekuxilongeni lesi sifo?

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi une-COP condition ngemva kokukuhlola, uzophakamisa ezinye izivivinyo eziningana.

• I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kuthatha isithombe samaphaphu. Uma une-COPD, ungase ubone amabala amhlophe kwezinye izindawo zamaphaphu.
• I-CT scan enesisombululo esiphezulu (HRCT): Lokhu ukuhlolwa okungabona ingaphakathi lamaphaphu ngokucacile kakhulu kune-X-ray. Kungasiza ekutholeni izinto ezifana nokuvuvukala nokuqina kwamaphaphu okubangelwa yi-COPD.
• I-Bronchoscopy ene-bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL):Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu elincane neliguquguqukayo (i-bronchoscope) elinekhamera encane bese kukhanya ngekhala noma emlonyeni bese kudluliselwa emigudwini yomoya yamaphaphu. Phakathi nalokhu, inani elincane lesisombululo sikasawoti lifakwa emaphashini, bese kuthi uketshezi lufuthwe (i-BAL) bese luthunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze luhlolwe. Umuntu one-COPD angase abe nenani elikhulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi (ikakhulukazi ama-lymphocyte) kulesi sampula soketshezi. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka.
• I-biopsy yamaphaphu: Ngezinye izikhathi, ingxenye yezicubu zamaphaphu idinga ukuthathwa futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. Enye iwukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu ngesikhathi se-bronchoscopy (i-transbronchial lung biopsy). Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, uma kudingeka isampula enkulu yezicubu, i-biopsy yamaphaphu yokuhlinzwa ingenziwa. Le biopsy iyindlela kuphela yokuthola i-COPD ngokuphelele hhayi ezinye izimo.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu (ama-PFT): Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani, ukuthi ungabamba umoya ongakanani emaphashini akho, nokuthi ungawufaka kanjani umoya-mpilo egazini lakho ngempumelelo. Umuntu one-COPD angase abe nephethini evimbelayo lapho engakwazi ukubamba umoya omncane kunomuntu ojwayelekile. Angase futhi abe namazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini, kokubili ekuphumuleni naphakathi nokuzivocavoca.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zesifo esibizwa ngokuthi (i-COP). Odokotela bavame ukusilapha ngezinhlobo zemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids . Isibonelo, umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-prednisone uvame ukusetshenziswa.

Lo muthi uvame ukuthathwa njalo izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-6 . Umthamo uqala ukwanda bese uncipha kancane kancane. Uma umuthi uyekwa ngokuzumayo noma umthamo uncishiswa ngokushesha kakhulu, izimpawu zingase zibuye. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma umthamo we-prednisone wehliswa ube ngaphansi kwama-milligram angu-20 ngosuku.

Kwezinye izimo ezincane kakhulu (COP), lesi sifo singaphela ngaphandle kwemithi .

Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu ze-COPD ziqhubeka, noma uma imiphumela emibi ye-corticosteroids kunzima ukuyibekezelela, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Isibonelo, izidakamizwa zokonga ama-steroid ezifana ne-azathioprine noma imithi ye-cytotoxic efana ne-cyclophosphamide zinganikezwa okwesikhashana.

Ingabe ingozi yokukhula (i-COP) ingancishiswa?

Akukho lutho esingakwenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-COPD. Ngenxa yokuthi imbangela eqondile ayaziwa, ayikho indlela yokuyivimbela. Kodwa-ke, ungazazi lezi zimpawu. Uma kuvela izimpawu, ungafuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha bese uqala ukwelashwa uma kudingeka . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo bese uqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Kwenzekani uma (i-COP) ingelashwa?

Uma i-COPD ingelashwa, ingabangela umonakalo omkhulu emaphashini . Ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwamaphaphu, okungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu unomphela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa uma unezimpawu.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-(COP)?

Ungakhathazeki. Iningi labantu abane-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP) liyalulama ngokushesha nangokuphelele . Cishe ama-50% abantu abanezimo ezincane bayalulama ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Cishe ama-80% abantu abelashwa ngama-corticosteroids bayalulama ngokuphelele .

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu ze-COPD zingaphinde zibuye (ziphinde zibuye) . Ngisho nalapho, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zingalawulwa futhi zelapheke uma ama-corticosteroids eseqalwe kabusha. Abantu abalulama ku-COPD bavame ukuphila impilo ende negcwele.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani uma nginesifo (COP)?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-COPD, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu . Ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kunganciphisa amathuba okuthi lesi sifo siphinde sivele esikhathini esizayo futhi kunciphise umonakalo emaphashini akho.

Uma udokotela wakho ekubhalela ama-corticosteroids ukwelapha i-COPD yakho, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi. Angalungisa umthamo noma asikisele okunye. Kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile futhi ulandelele ngesikhathi.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP) yisifo esingajwayelekile samaphaphu esingabangela ukuvuvukala kanye nezibazi emaphashini. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukukhwehlela kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula. Khumbula, lokhu akuyona i-pneumonia evamile ethelelanayo.

• Qaphela izimpawu: Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela, ikakhulukazi uma ukhwehlela okomile okuhlala amasonto noma umphimbo obuhlungu oqala uma ukhathele.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha: Lokhu kwelashwa ikakhulukazi ngohlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids. Ezinye izimo ezincane zingase zibe ngcono ngaphandle komuthi.
• Ukululama kuphezulu: Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokuphelele kulesi simo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingabuya. Ngisho nalapho, zingalawulwa ngokwelashwa.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela umzimba wakho kanye nempilo yakho.

` Ukuhlela i-Cryptogenic Pneumonia, i-COP, isifo samaphaphu, isifo sokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukuphelelwa umoya, ama-corticosteroids, i-pneumonia