Ukuhlanya: Ake sixoxe ngakho

Cabanga nje ukuthi umuntu osekhulile ekhaya lakho, mhlawumbe umama wakho, ubaba, ugogo noma umkhulu wakho, ubephilile izolo, kodwa ngokuzumayo uziphethe ngendlela ehlukile ngokuphelele namuhla. Inkulumo yabo ayicacile, bangase bangakuqondi, bangase bangazi nokuthi bakuphi noma ukuthi isikhathi sini. Lesi simo esiphuthumayo sokudideka, ukuphazamiseka kanye noshintsho ekucabangeni yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuhlanya' ngokwezokwelapha.

Kalula nje, kuyini i-Delirium?

I-Delirium isimo sokudideka kwengqondo sesikhashana esenzeka ngokuzumayo, esikhathini esingamahora noma izinsuku. Sithinta ukucabanga kwakho, inkumbulo, ukuqaphela okukuzungezile, kanye nekhono lokugxilisa ingqondo. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi uziphathe ngendlela ehlukile kakhulu kunendlela obuvame ukwenza ngayo.

Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi uma imbangela itholakala futhi yelashwa ngokushesha, lesi simo singelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma singelashwa, singabangela umonakalo wesikhathi eside ekusebenzeni kobuchopho, futhi kwezinye izimo, ngisho nokufa.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuphambana kwengqondo?

Yebo, i-Delirium ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe endleleni isiguli esiziphatha ngayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinhlobo zingashintshashintsha ziye phambili naphambili.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Izimpawu zokuphambana kwengqondo zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Futhi, izimpawu aziveli njalo phakathi nosuku, ziyafika zidlule. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu ebusuku.

Nazi ezinye zezici eziyinhloko ozozibona:

• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi ngendawo okuzungezile: Ukungakwazi ukusho izinto ngokunembile njengokuthi ukuphi (ekhaya, esibhedlela), ukuthi usuku luni, noma ukuthi isikhathi sini.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo: Ukungakwazi ukugxila entweni eyodwa. Ukukhohlwa ngokushesha okushiwoyo. Ukungakwazi ukugcina imicabango endaweni eyodwa.
• Izinkinga zenkumbulo: Ukukhohlwa izenzakalo zakamuva, amagama abantu, kanye nezenzakalo.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma: Ubunzima bokubumba amagama, inkulumo engaqondani, kanye nezimpendulo ezingafanele zemibuzo.
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha: Ukuthukuthela ngokuzumayo, ukucasuka, ukudabuka, ukungahlaliseki. Ngezinye izikhathi kuhamba kancane, ubuthongo.
• Izinguquko ezindleleni zokulala: Ukuzizwa ulele emini nokuvuka ebusuku. Ukulala kuyashintsha ngokuphelele.
• Ukubona izinto ezingekho ngempela (njengezinambuzane, izilwane, abantu), ukuzwa imisindo engekho ngempela.
• Ukukhohlisa: Ukukholelwa ukuthi izinto ziyiqiniso ngisho noma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi zingamanga. Isibonelo, ukucabanga ukuthi othile uzama ukuzidlisa ubuthi noma ukuthi ziboshiwe.

Ziyini izimbangela zokuphambuka kwengqondo?

Ukuhlanya akubangelwa ukucindezeleka esibhekana nakho ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Kwenzeka lapho umzimba noma ubuchopho bubhekene nokucindezeleka okungenakubekezelelwa. Noma yini ephazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kobuchopho ingabangela lokho.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko:

• Ukutheleleka okukhulu: Ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo kanye nokutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia) yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zokuphambuka kwengqondo kubantu asebekhulile.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Lesi simo singavela ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kokubulala izinzwa kanye nokucindezeleka emzimbeni.
• Imithi ethile: Izinto ezifana neziqeda ubuhlungu, amaphilisi okulala, kanye neminye imithi yokungezwani komzimba kungabangela lesi simo, ikakhulukazi uma uphuza imithi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Utshwala noma izidakamizwa: Ukuphambuka kwengqondo kungenzeka ngenxa yezimpawu zokuhoxa ezenzeka lapho umuntu obephuza kakhulu eyeka ukuphuza ngokuzumayo.
• Ukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo: Ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwamanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco okudingekayo.
• Izimo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo: Izimo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, noma ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu: Ukuba nobuhlungu obukhulu, obungalawuleki.
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlela: Indawo yesibhedlela, lapho uhlukaniswe khona nendawo ojwayelene nayo, uzungezwe abantu ongabazi, futhi uvaleleke embhedeni unezimbobo, ingabangela ukuphambana kwengqondo kwabanye abantu.
• Ukuqunjelwa: Ngisho nokuqunjelwa okukhulu kungaba yimbangela yalokhu ngezinye izikhathi.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athinteke yilokhu?

Nakuba ukuphambana kwengqondo kungenzeka kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65: Basengozini enkulu yokushintsha ubuchopho nomzimba njengoba bekhula.
• Abantu asebevele benesifo esihlobene nenkumbulo njenge-dementia.
• Abantu abake baba nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngaphambilini.
• Abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo senhliziyo nesifo samaphaphu.
• Abantu abanenkinga yokubona noma yokuzwa (uma bengazisebenzisi izibuko noma izinsiza zokuzwa).
• Abantu abayimilutha yotshwala noma izidakamizwa.
• Abantu abasebenzisa imithi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuphambuka kwengqondo?

Uma i-delirium ingelashwa ngokushesha, ingadala izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zazo zingezesikhashana kanti ezinye zingaba zesikhathi eside.

• Ukuwa nokulimala: Ukudideka kungaholela ekuweni embhedeni, ekuweni ngenkathi uhamba, kanye nokulimala okufana nokuphuka kwamathambo.
• Izilonda Zesikhumba: Ukuhlala embhedeni usesimweni esifanayo isikhathi eside kungabangela izilonda zesikhumba.
• I-Aspire Pneumonia: I-pneumonia enzima ebangelwa ukudla, isiphuzo, noma amathe angena emaphashini ngenxa yokudideka.
• Ukungondleki kahle kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ngoba nje ungadli noma ungaphuzi.
• Ukukhubazeka kwesikhathi eside kwekhono lokucabanga (ukukhubazeka kwengqondo).
• Ukuqala okusha noma ukuba kubi kakhulu kwesifo sengqondo.
• Ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokusebenza ngokuzimela.

Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okuxilonga ngqo i-delirium. Udokotela wenza ukuxilongwa ngokucabangela izici eziningana ndawonye.

1. Ukubuza ngezimpawu: Buza isiguli nomndeni ngemininingwane yokuthi lezi zinguquko zaqala kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu abanazo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwesiguli lushesha kangakanani.

2. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Isiguli sihlolwa kahle.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological: Kuhlola izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ikhono lokucabanga, kanye nokulinganisela.

4. Ukuhlolwa: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuthola imbangela yokuphambuka kwengqondo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukutheleleka, ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte, ukusebenza kwezinso nesibindi, njll.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Hlola ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukuhlola isimo esifana ne-pneumonia.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG: Hlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuskena kobuchopho: Kwenziwa kuphela uma kukhona okusolakala ngesimo esifana nesifo sohlangothi.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-delirium ukuthola nokwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo yalesi sifo. Isibonelo, ama-antibiotic anikezwa uma kungenxa yokutheleleka. Usawoti unikezwa uma kungenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lapho imbangela yelashwa, isimo se-delirium siyathuthuka kancane kancane.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwelashwa okusekelayo kunikezwa ukuze kunikezwe induduzo nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesiguli. Ngesikhathi abasebenzi bezokwelapha benza lezi zinto esibhedlela, ungenza futhi lezi zinto ekhaya.

• Dala indawo ezolile: Gcina igumbi lesiguli lithule futhi lizolile. Cima izibani ebusuku ukuze udale indawo yokulala ekhululekile.
• Nikeza ukudla okunempilo kanye noketshezi oluhle: Ukudla okunempilo kubalulekile ukuze umzimba ululame.
• Ukwakha ukujwayelana: Letha izinto ozijwayele ekhaya (izithombe, izingubo zokulala) bese uzigcina ziseduze. Isiguli sizothola induduzo ngokuba namalungu omndeni akhulume naso njalo.
• Ukuqwashisa ngezwe elibazungezile: Gcina ikhalenda elikhulu newashi endaweni ebonakalayo. Bakhumbuze njalo ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi nokuthi yisiphi usuku.
• Izibuko nezinsiza zokuzwa: Uma isiguli sizisebenzisa, masizisebenzise ngendlela efanele ukuze zingalahlekelwa ukuxhumana nendawo ezizungezile.
• Hamba kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka: Njengoba udokotela wakho ekwelulele, ukuhambahamba kancane nokwenza izivivinyo zokwelula imilenze yakho kuhle emzimbeni wakho nasemqondweni wakho.

Ingabe ikhona imithi ekhethekile yalesi simo?

Okwamanje akukho muthi othize ovunyelwe ukwelapha i-delirium. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, odokotela basebenzisa umuthi ukulawula izimpawu.

• Ukuphambana okukhulu kwengqondo: Uma isiguli sisengozini yokuzilimaza sona noma abanye, kunikezwa imithamo ephansi yemithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo isikhathi esifushane ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhungatheka.
• Izimpawu zokuhoxa kotshwala: Uma ukuphambana kotshwala kubangelwa yilokhu, kunikezwa imithi efana ne -benzodiazepines .
• Ukutheleleka: Uma kuyigciwane elibangelwa amagciwane, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic.
• Ekupheleni kokuphila: Kunikezwa imithi ehlukahlukene yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki.

Ingabe ukuphambuka kwengqondo kungavinjelwa?

Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukukuvimbela ngokuphelele, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ilungu lomndeni elikhulile lizolaliswa esibhedlela.

• Imikhuba emihle yezempilo: Gcina ubuchopho bakho nomzimba wakho usebenza. Lala ngokwanele. Hlala uxhumene nabantu.
• Nciphisa imithi eyingozi: Khuluma nodokotela wakho futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwemithi engabangela ukudideka.
• Qaphela izimpawu zokuqala: Uma ubona ngisho noshintsho oluncane ekuziphatheni, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezibhedlela, yazisa udokotela noma umhlengikazi ngokushesha.
• Ukufundisa amalungu omndeni: Uma kukhona umuntu osengozini ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu emndenini aqaphele izimpawu zokuphambuka kwengqondo.

Ukusangana kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kokubili isiguli kanye nabanakekeli baso. Kungaba yinto ekhathazayo kakhulu ukubona umuntu omthandayo eziphatha njengomuntu ohluke ngokuphelele. Kodwa khumbula, ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungokwesikhashana . Uma imbangela itholakala futhi ukwelashwa kuqalwe kusenesikhathi, izimpawu zizothuthuka. Ngakho into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.