Ingabe nawe wesaba umkhuhlane we-Dengue? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula!

Ezweni lakithi, i-dengue yisifo esivame ukukhulunywa ngaso futhi esenza umzimba ulume kancane. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semvula, noma ngabe uthola umkhuhlane omncane, usenokwesaba ukuthi "O, angazi ukuthi i-dengue." Sonke siyazi ukuthi isakazwa omiyane. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokucacile nangokulula ngokuthi iyini ngempela i-dengue fever, ukuthi singayiqaphela kanjani, nokuthi senzeni uma siyithola. Akukho okufanele sikwesabe, masiqaphele!

Iyini i-Dengue Fever?

Kalula nje, umkhuhlane we-dengue yisifo esingatholakala uma ulunywe umiyane ophethe olunye lwezinhlobo ezine zegciwane le-dengue (DENV). Leli gciwane livame kakhulu emazweni anesimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama. Lokho kusho ukuthi livame ezindaweni ezifana neMelika Ephakathi neNingizimu, e-Afrika, kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia (kufaka phakathi iSri Lanka yethu!) kanye neziQhingi zasePacific.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi umkhuhlane we-dengue awudluliselwa ngqo kusuka komunye umuntu uye komunye. Ngokungafani nomkhuhlane ovamile, nokho, uma umama okhulelwe ethola i-dengue, ingadluliselwa enganeni yakhe. Esikhathini esiningi, uma uthola i-dengue okokuqala, izimpawu ngeke zibe zimbi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma uphinde uyithola ngegciwane elihlukile le-dengue ``(DENV)``, ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu iphezulu.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yi-dengue fever?

ESri Lanka, sisesifundeni lapho i-dengue ivame khona. Ngakho-ke, labo abahlala ezindaweni ezinjalo kanye nalabo abavakashela kuzo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-dengue. Kuthiwa abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye yomhlaba babhekene nale ngozi. Ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane kanye nabantu asebekhulile basengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu uma bethola i-dengue.

Ngokusho kwe-World Health Organization, abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-400 bathola udenga minyaka yonke. Kodwa ngokumangalisayo, cishe u-80% walaba bantu abanazo izimpawu.

Ingabe kukhona ukuzivikela komzimba kumkhuhlane we-dengue?

Yebo, uma usuthole igciwane le-dengue, umzimba wakho uthuthukisa amasosha omzimba ngokumelene nalolo hlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amathuba okuphinde ugule ngohlobo olufanayo lwegciwane le-dengue aphansi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunendaba eyinkimbinkimbi lapha. Ngoba, okungenani kunezinhlobo ezine zegciwane le-dengue ``(DENV)``.

Cabanga ngale ndlela: amasosha ethu omzimba afana nebutho lokuzivikela elisebenza kahle kakhulu. Uma sigula, leli butho lakha izikhali ezikhethekile (esizibiza ngokuthi ama-antibodies) zokulwa naleso sifo. Lawa ma-antibodies afana nezihluthulelo, enzelwe ukufanisa igciwane okukhulunywa ngalo kuphela. Ngakho-ke, uma lelo gciwane libuya, la ma-antibodies azolibamba alibhubhise.

Manje, uma uthola uhlobo olulodwa lwegciwane le-dengue, wenza ama-antibodies afanele lona. Kodwa, uma ungenwa uhlobo oluhlukile lwegciwane le-dengue kamuva, lawo ma-antibodies amadala awafani ncamashi negciwane elisha. Kuleli qophelo, igciwane elisha lisebenzisa lokhu kungafani. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuthuthukiswa okuxhomeke ku-antibody". Kalula nje, noma i-antibody endala ibamba igciwane elisha, esikhundleni sokulibhubhisa, lisiza igciwane ukuthi lingene emangqamuzaneni omzimba. Kufana nesela elingena emzimbeni njengomuntu elimaziyo. Ngenxa yalokhu, igciwane lisakazeka kalula emzimbeni,Lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane we-dengue?

Sivame ukuthi udenga alubangeli izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, lezi yizo ezivame ukubonakala:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (cishe ama-degree Celsius angu-40 / ama-degree Fahrenheit angu-104)
• Ubomvu besikhumba
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu ngaphansi kwamehlo
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emisipheni, emathanjeni, nasemalungeni (yingakho abanye abantu bebubiza ngokuthi "umkhuhlane wethambo eliphukile")

Izimpawu ze-dengue zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 neziyi-10 ngemva kokulunywa umiyane futhi zingahlala phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 neziyi-7. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangamashumi amabili abathola i-dengue uzoba ne-dengue enzima njengoba izimpawu zokuqala ziphela.

Umkhuhlane Onzima We-Dengue noma i-Dengue Ohambisana Nokuphuma Komoya

Lesi yisigaba esiyingozi kakhulu somkhuhlane we-dengue. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo. Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ze-dengue enzima zivame ukubonakala emahoreni angama-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngemuva kokuphela komkhuhlane wakho.

Uma une-dengue, noma uma uhlala endaweni lapho i-dengue ivame khona, futhi uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu!

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukuhlanza njalo
• Ukuhlanza igazi noma ukuphuma kwegazi esitulweni
• Ukopha ekhaleni noma izinsini eziphuma igazi
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukungahlaliseki, noma ukucasuka

Yini ebangela umkhuhlane we-dengue?

Umkhuhlane we-dengue ubangelwa olunye lwezinhlobo ezine zegciwane le-dengue esikhulume ngalo ekuqaleni. Uma umiyane ophethe igciwane le-dengue ukuluma, igciwane lingena egazini lakho bese liqala ukwanda (ukwenza amakhophi) lapho. Yileli gciwane kanye nokusabela kwamasosha omzimba wakho kulo okwenza uzizwe ugula.

Ngezinye izikhathi, leli gciwane lingabhubhisa amaseli asiza ukujiya kwegazi lakho (ama-platelet), futhi lilimaze imithambo yegazi yakho. Kanye nalokhu, amakhemikhali athile akhiqizwa amasosha omzimba wakho angabangela ukuthi igazi liphume emithanjeni yegazi yakho. Lokhu kungaholela ekuphumeni kwegazi ngaphakathi, okuwuphawu olusongela ukuphila lwe-dengue enzima.

Umkhuhlane we-dengue usakazeka kanjani?

Umkhuhlane we-dengue usatshalaliswa omiyane be-Aedes . Laba omiyane basakaza namanye amagciwane afana ne-Zika ne-Chikungunya. Nakhu okwenzekayo: Umiyane uluma umuntu onomkhuhlane we-dengue. Bese kuthi, lapho lowo miyane uluma omunye umuntu, igciwane lidlulela kulowo muntu omusha.

Ingabe umkhuhlane we-dengue uyathelelana?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umkhuhlane we-dengue awudluliselwa ngqo kusuka komunye umuntu uye komunye. Okusho ukuthi, awudluliselwa ngokuthinta noma ukukhuluma njengomkhuhlane. Okuwukuphela kwendlela iwukuthi umama okhulelwe angenwe yi-dengue bese eyidlulisela enganeni yakhe. Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

Ungawuthola kanjani umkhuhlane we-dengue?

Ukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-dengue fever yini ukuthi uhlolwe igazi . Udokotela wakho uzothatha isampula yegazi lakho emthanjeni bese elithumela elabhorethri ukuze ahlole izimpawu zegciwane le-dengue. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungasho ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezine zegciwane le-dengue onazo. Kungahlola namanye amagciwane abangela izimpawu ezifanayo.

Iphathwa kanjani i-dengue fever?

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile komkhuhlane we-dengue okwamanje. Lokho kusho ukuthi akukho muthi ongabulala igciwane. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngokuthi ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu zakho nokuthi kufanele uye nini esibhedlela.

Ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu ze-dengue?

Ukuphela kokwelashwa komkhuhlane we-dengue ukulawula izimpawu. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unamanzi. Ukuphuza izinto ezifana neJeevani nakho kuhle.
• Phumula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungawucindezeli umzimba wakho.
• Sebenzisa i-acetaminophen kuphela (isib. i-Tylenol®, i-Panadol) uma uzwa ubuhlungu.

Isexwayiso: Ungaphuzi imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efana ne-ibuprofen (isb., i-Advil®) noma i-aspirin nganoma yisiphi isizathu! Ukusebenzisa lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokopha kwangaphakathi. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.

Yini ongayenza ukuze uzivikele kumkhuhlane we-dengue?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane we-dengue ukuzivikela komiyane. Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze usize:

• Sebenzisa Izinto Zokuxosha Omiyane. Ukusebenzisa isixosha omiyane esivunyelwe yi-EPA esiqukethe i-DEET engu-20% kuya ku-30% kungasiza ekuvikeleni omiyane base-Aedes.
• Gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho uma ungaphandle, ikakhulukazi ebusuku (lapho omiyane bevame kakhulu).
• Susa amanzi amile. Susa amanzi emabhakedeni, emiphongolweni, emathayini amadala, ezindaweni zokugeza izinyoni, njll. Gcwalisa noma yimiphi imigodi engaqoqa amanzi. Lezi yizindawo lapho omiyane bebekela khona amaqanda abo.
• Ukuze uvimbele omiyane ukuthi bangangeni endlini yakho, faka izikrini emafasiteleni naseminyango, bese ulungisa noma yiziphi izimbobo. Uma kungenzeka, gcina amafasitela neminyango ivaliwe.
• Sebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele ebusuku ezindaweni ezithandwa kakhulu yi-dengue.
• Uma ukhulelwe, gwema ukuya ezindaweni ezivame ukuba nodenga ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Uma uya ohambweni ndawana thize, hlola nezinhlangano ezifana ne-CDC (Center for Disease Control) ngaphambi kokuthi uye ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuqubuka kwezifo kuleyo ndawo.

Kunemigomo emibili yokugomela udenga (e-United States, kunowodwa kuphela). Le migomo ivame ukunconywa ezinganeni ezihlala ezindaweni lapho udenga luvame khona. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala abasengozini enkulu yokuthola udenga ngezinye izikhathi bangawuthola lo mgomo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.

Yini ongayilindela uma uhlaselwa umkhuhlane we-dengue?

Izifo eziningi ze-dengue azinazo izimpawu noma zincane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zokuqala zomkhuhlane we-dengue zingahlala izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Iningi labantu liyalulama ngemva kwalokho. Kodwa-ke, abanye baba nomkhuhlane we-dengue onzima, osongela ukuphila futhi badinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela.

Iningi labantu liyalulama emkhuhlaneni we-dengue ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside. Uma uba nezimpawu ze-dengue, kunethuba elilodwa kuphela kwangu-20 lokuthi lizophenduka i-dengue enzima. Uma uba ne-dengue enzima futhi ufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sezokwelapha, amathuba akho okululama angaphezu kuka-99%.

Izinkinga zomkhuhlane we-dengue ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Uma uthola umkhuhlane we-dengue ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, ungabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa, noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Ngakho-ke, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela wena nomntwana wakho ku-dengue ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho.

Umkhuhlane we-dengue ungatholakala kangaki?

Yebo. Ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo okungenani ezine zegciwane le-dengue, ungalithola izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Ngokuvamile, umzimba wakho ulwa nohlobo lwegciwane olithola kuqala, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthi uphinde ugule ngalolo hlobo. Kodwa-ke, ungagula ngelinye lamanye amagciwane amathathu kamuva. Eqinisweni, uma uthola udenga izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, kungenzeka ukuthi ugule kakhulu. Lokhu kubalulekile ukukhumbula.

Uma ngike ngaba nodenga ngaphambili, ngingazinakekela kanjani?

Uma uke waba ne-dengue ngaphambili, usengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu uma ungenwa uhlobo oluhlukile lwegciwane esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokugonywa. Futhi, thatha izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuzivikela komiyane, ikakhulukazi uma uhlala endaweni lapho i-dengue ivame khona.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlala endaweni lapho i-dengue ivame khona, noma usanda kuya kwenye, futhi uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-dengue, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uzokweluleka ngokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani nokuthi ungafuna nini ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Uma unezinye zezimpawu eziyisixwayiso ze-dengue enzima (isib. ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, ukopha, ukukhathala okukhulu), iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha, noma ngabe izimpawu zakho zokuqala seziphelile. I-dengue enzima ingaba yingozi empilweni ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungakuthathi kalula lokhu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

• Ngingawuthola yini umuthi wokugomela udenga?
• Yimiphi imithi engingayithatha ngezimpawu zami?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngiye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze ngizihlole?

Ingabe i-dengue iyingozi kakhulu kune-malaria?

Cha. Nakuba izinga lokufa ngenxa yalezi zifo zombili liphansi, umalaleveva uyingozi kakhulu kune-dengue emhlabeni wonke.

Emhlabeni jikelele, abantu ababalelwa ku-40,000 babulawa yi-dengue fever kubantu ababalelwa ku-400 million minyaka yonke (lokho cishe ku-0.01%). Kodwa-ke, abantu ababalelwa ku-627,000 babulawa yi-malaria kubantu ababalelwa ku-271 million (lokho cishe ku-0.3%).

Kodwa khumbula, ubukhulu banoma yisiphi isifo buyahlukahluka ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Izingane e-Afrika zisengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa kamalaleveva, kanti abantu base-Asia bathinteka kakhulu yi-dengue.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Izigidi zabantu zithola umkhuhlane we-dengue minyaka yonke. Isikhathi esiningi umnene, futhi ngezinye izikhathi azikho izimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma ucabanga ngomkhuhlane we-dengue onzima. Kukhona ngisho nendaba yokuthi igama elithi "dengue" livela egameni lomoya omubi okukholakala ukuthi uyimbangela yalesi sifo.

Kodwa, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ungazivikela komiyane futhi uqaphele izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ze-dengue embi. Uma ugula ngenkathi usohambweni, qaphela ukuthi ungatholaphi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo. Ngisho noma uthola i-dengue embi, uma ufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, unethuba elingcono kakhulu lokululama ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha, uhlale unolwazi, futhi uqaphele.

Umkhuhlane , i-dengue, umiyane, izimpawu, ukopha, ukwelashwa, ukuvimbela