Ingabe inhliziyo yakho ilungile? Ake sixoxe nge-(Dextrocardia)!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ingakwesokunene somzimba wakho, hhayi kwesobunxele? Ah, kuyamangaza, akunjalo? Kodwa kungaba njalo. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi `(Dextrocardia)`. Kalula nje, inhliziyo yakho itholakala ohlangothini lwesokudla lwesifuba sakho, ibheke ngakwesokudla. Kufana nesithombe sesibuko senhliziyo engakwesobunxele. Ngokuvamile, inhliziyo yethu itholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesifuba sakho, ibheke ngakwesobunxele. Lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Dextrocardia)` sibhekwa njengesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso . Okusho ukuthi, uzalwa unalo mehluko.

Manje ungase ucabange, "Hawu Nkulunkulu, ingabe lokho kuyinto enkulu?" Empeleni, uma une-`(Dextrocardia)` kuphela, okusho ukuthi inhliziyo ingakwesokudla, isikhathi esiningi ayibi yingozi kangako . Ayibangeli zimpawu, ayibangeli izinkinga, futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi abantu abane-`(Dextrocardia)` bangazalwa benezinye izimo zempilo. Lezo zimo zingadala izinkinga futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esenzeka cishe koyedwa kwabangu-12,000 abakhulelwe.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-`(Dextrocardia)`? Ingabe inhliziyo ingakwesokudla kuphela?

Yebo, le `(Dextrocardia)` ingafika ngezindlela ezahlukene. Mhlawumbe inhliziyo kuphela engakwesokudla, noma ingafika nezinguquko endaweni yezinye izitho zangaphakathi. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko:

• I-Dextrocardia Ehlukanisiwe: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inhliziyo yakho isuswa ohlangothini lwesobunxele iye ohlangothini lwesokudla kuphela. Kodwa-ke, zonke ezinye izitho zakho zisesimweni esijwayelekile. Uma kungekho ezinye izimo zenhliziyo, inhliziyo isebenza kahle. Lokhu akubangeli zimpawu .
• `I-Situs Inversus` ene-`(Dextrocardia)`: Kulokhu, inhliziyo yakho ingakwesokudla, njenge-"mirror image", kanti ezinye izitho esifubeni sakho nasesiswini nazo zitholakala ohlangothini oluphambene. Cabanga ngakho njengesibindi sikwesobunxele kanti i-spleen ikwesokudla. Lesi simo `(Situs Inversu)` ngezinye izikhathi singaba uphawu lwesifo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia)`. Lesi sifo singadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene kusukela ekuzalweni.
• I-Dextrocardia enezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo: Abantu abaningi abane-dextrocardia banezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo ezithinta indlela inhliziyo esebenza ngayo. Lezi zimo zenhliziyo zingabangela izimpawu, izinkinga, futhi zidinga ukwelashwa.
• `I-Heterotaxy Syndrome` ene-`(Dextrocardia)`: Kulesi simo, inhliziyo ingakwesokudla, njenge-"isithombe sesibuko". Futhi, ezinye izitho zitholakala ezindaweni ezingavamile, hhayi lapho kufanele zibe khona. Le `(Heterotaxy Syndrome)` ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ekusebenzeni kwezitho.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-`(Dextrocardia)`?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, uma uhlukanise i-`(Dextrocardia)` okusho ukuthi inhliziyo ingakwesokudla kuphela, ngeke kube khona zimpawu . Ungase ungazi nokuthi inhliziyo yakho ingakwesokudla, futhi itholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi se-`(Imaging Test)` eyenziwe ngesizathu esithile.

Kodwa-ke, uma isimo `(Dextrocardia)` sihlanganiswa nezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo noma izifo zofuzo, khona-ke izimpawu ezithile zingase zivele. Lezi zivame ukubonakala esemncane. Bheka lezi zimpawu:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu.
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu okuvamile noma ukutheleleka kwama-sinus.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzilolonga.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
• Isikhumba sibukeka siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Cyanosis", okusho ukuthi kunomoya-mpilo ophansi egazini).
• Isikhumba sibukeka simhlophe.
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (njenge-jaundice).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha.
• Izinkinga zokukhula nokukhuluphala (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane).
• Ukukhwehlela okune-mucus.

Okubalulekile: Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole imbangela. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa yi-`(Dextrocardia)` ngokwayo, ukuhlolwa kungaphinde kubone isimo `(Dextrocardia).`

Kungani lokhu `(Dextrocardia)` kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu `(Dextrocardia)` izinguquko zofuzo ezenzeka ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa . Izakhi zofuzo ezingaphezu kuka-60 zinegalelo ekunqumeni ukuthi izitho zomzimba wethu kufanele zibekwe kanjani. Abacwaningi basafuna i-gene eqondile ethinta `(Dextrocardia)`.

Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane abane-`(Dextrocardia)` unesifo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia)`. Lesi simo sofuzo singabangelwa izinguquko ezakhiweni ezingaphezu kuka-30, njenge-`DNAI1` kanye ne-`DNAH5`. Abanye abantu bangaba nezinguquko kulezi zakhi zofuzo kodwa bangakhombisi izimpawu futhi babe `(Abathwali)`.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lesi simo?

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangathola `(Dextrocardia)` njengoba ingane ikhula . Basebenzisa isivivinyo `(Prenatal Ultrasound)` ukwenza lokhu. Lokhu kungabheka ukuthi inhliziyo yengane nezinye izitho zikhula kanjani. Lokhu `(Imaging Test)` kungabonisa `(Dextrocardia)` noma ezinye izinkinga engane. Isivivinyo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Fetal Echocardiogram)` senzelwa futhi ukubheka inhliziyo ngokuningiliziwe.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungabonisi zinkinga, ukuxilongwa kungase kwenziwe ngemva kokuzalwa. Ezinye izingane zibonisa izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso ngemva nje kokuzalwa. Odokotela bese benza ukuhlolwa ukuze bathole inkinga.

Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona `(i-Dextrocardia)` kuphela, azikho izimpawu, ngakho-ke izingane ezingenazo izinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo noma izimo zofuzo zingase zingazi ngakho iminyaka eminingi.

Odokotela benza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nezinye izivivinyo ukuze baxilonge i-dextrocardia ezinganeni, ezinganeni nakubantu abadala. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela uzolalela inhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope. Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuzwakala kahle ngakwesokudla kwesifuba sakho, kungaba uphawu lwe-dextrocardia.

Uma kusolwa ukuthi i-dextrocardia ibangelwa yisifo, odokotela bangenza ezinye izivivinyo, ezifana nalezi:

• I -X -ray yesifuba
• Ukuskena kwe -CT
• I-Echocardiogram (Echo) (Lokhu kuthatha isithombe senhliziyo)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) (Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo)
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezakhi Zofuzo
• I-MRI yenhliziyo

I-`(Dextrocardia)` ehlukanisiwe ingatholakala ngengozi kulezi zivivinyo, ikakhulukazi ku-`(ECG/EKG)`. Okusho ukuthi, ivame ukutholakala lapho udokotela efuna okunye.

Yiziphi ezinye izifo zenhliziyo ezingahlotshaniswa ne-`(Dextrocardia)`?

Abantu abatholakale benesifo i-"Dextrocardia" bavame ukutholakala benezinye izifo zenhliziyo abazalwa nazo. Ezinye zalezi zifo zifaka:

• `I-Double Inlet Left Ventricle` (inezindlela ezimbili igazi elingena ngazo e-ventricle yesobunxele yenhliziyo)
• `I-Double Outlet Right Ventricle` (yomibili imithambo yegazi eyinhloko iqala ku-ventricle yesokudla yenhliziyo)
• "Imbobo enhliziyweni" (`I-Atrial Septal Defect`, `I-Ventricular Septal Defect` noma `I-Atrioventricular Septal Defect`)
• I-Pulmonary Atresia (i-valve ye-pulmonary artery ayikhuli kahle noma ivaliwe ngokuphelele)
• I-Pulmonary Stenosis (ukuncipha kwevalvu yomthambo we-pulmonary)
• I-Tetralogy of Fallot (inhlanganisela yeziphambeko ezine zenhliziyo)
• Ukuguqulwa Kwemithambo Emikhulu
• `I-Tricuspid Atresia` (ukwehluleka kwevalvu ye-tricuspid ukukhula kahle)

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa odokotela bazokuchazela kona.

Iphathwa kanjani i-`(Dextrocardia)`?

Kalula nje, i-dextrocardia ehlukanisiwe ayidingi ukwelashwa . Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazisa noma yimuphi udokotela okwelaphayo ukuthi unalesi simo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuyasiza ukuthi baqaphele lolu shintsho lwesakhiwo emzimbeni wakho lapho benza izivivinyo ezithile noma benza izinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye izifo zenhliziyo noma isifo sofuzo kanye ne-``(Dextrocardia)``, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okudingekayo kulezo zimo. Kulezo zindlela zokwelapha.Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi, izinqubo, noma ukuhlinzwa.

Ikakhulukazi izifo zenhliziyo ezingathi sína zivame ukwelashwa ebuntwaneni. Ngiyaqonda ukuthi uma ingane yakho idinga into efana nale, kungaba yinto ekucindezelayo kakhulu kuwe. Kodwa-ke, ithimba lezokwelapha elilapha ingane yakho lizokunikeza ukwesekwa nesiqondiso osidingayo. Bazokuchazela konke, okuhlanganisa nalokho ingane yakho ekudingayo nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ekhaya.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ingane yakho ine-`(Dextrocardia)` khuluma nodokotela wayo ngalokho okufanele ukulindele esikhathini esizayo nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele (ikakhulukazi lezo ezihambisana nezinye izimo zenhliziyo noma izifo).

Uma une-`(Dextrocardia)` khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ufunde ukuthi ezinye izimo zempilo zingathinta kanjani umzimba wakho, ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele, nokuthi ungazilawula kanjani.

Umuntu one-`(Dextrocardia)` angaphila isikhathi esingakanani?

Umuntu one-`(Dextrocardia)` angaphila impilo ende . Kodwa-ke, kuncike kwezinye izifo. Izingane ezizalwa zine-`(Dextrocardia)` ezihlukanisiwe (okungukuthi, ezingenazo ezinye izimo zenhliziyo noma ama-syndromes) zinesikhathi sokuphila esijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezizalwa zinezimo zenhliziyo noma ama-syndromes ezalwe nazo zingadinga ukwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulawulwe lezo zimo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okufanele ukulindele nokuthi uyini umbono wesikhathi eside.

I-Dextrocardia iyisimo esingavamile, kodwa sifunde okuningi ngayo eminyakeni edlule. Cabanga ngayo, ososayensi bebeyazi kusukela ngawo-1600! Lokho kusho ukuthi yayingenye yeziphambeko zokuqala zenhliziyo ezazalwa nazo ukutholakala. Namuhla, siyazi ukuthi ingenzeka yodwa noma njengophawu lwezifo ezithile zofuzo. Kuvamile futhi ukuthi izingane ezine-dextrocardia zibe nezinye iziphambeko zenhliziyo ezazalwa nazo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesifo senhliziyo (i-Dextrocardia), ningesabi . Thola isiqondiso esidingekayo kudokotela wakho. Bazokuchazela uma kukhona ezinye izinkinga ezidinga ukwelashwa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa wonke udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezempilo okwelaphayo ngale ndawo ethile enhliziyweni yakho. Kungaba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi bazi lolu lwazi lapho bekunakekela.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

I- Dextrocardia, inhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokudla, i-Situs Inversus, Iphutha Lenhliziyo Lokuzalwa, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sofuzo, isifo sokuzalwa