Ingabe inhliziyo yakho ibuthakathaka futhi ikhulisiwe? Ake sixoxe nge-Dilated Cardiomyopathy!

Inhliziyo yethu iyisitho esimangalisayo ngempela, akunjalo? Sikhathalela kangakanani le nhliziyo ehlala inika impilo emzimbeni wethu wonke? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kokuqaphela, le nhliziyo ingakhula nezinkinga nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esenza inhliziyo ibe buthaka futhi sibangele imisipha yenhliziyo ikhule ngokungadingekile, isifo esinegama elithusayo, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu kithi sonke ukuba siqaphele. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi (i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy).

Kuyini i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

Kalula nje, lesi simo (i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy) yilapho igumbi eliyinhloko lokupompa lenhliziyo yakho, i-ventricle yesobunxele , noma imisipha eyinhloko yenhliziyo, inwebeka futhi iba nkulu kunokujwayelekile. Cabanga ngakho njengokunwebeka kwebhande lerabha, kodwa kulokhu, akukuhle enhliziyweni. Lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka, incipha, futhi ikhula, ikhono lenhliziyo lokupompa igazi kahle liyancipha. Kwenzekani-ke? Isikhathi ngasinye lapho inhliziyo ishaya, kusala igazi elincane ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo. Ngenxa yalokho, wonke umzimba awutholi inani elifanele legazi eligcwele umoya-mpilo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lokhu kungathinta nezinye izingxenye zenhliziyo.

Abacwaningi balinganisela ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-36 kwabangu-100,000 emphakathini bahlushwa yilesi simo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha lesi sifo senhliziyo. Futhi kunezinto ongazenza ukuze uphathe lesi simo.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo, bangase bangakhombisi zimpawu. Leyo yingxenye eyesabekayo yalesi sifo. Kodwa njengoba ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kuya ngokuya kuba kubi, uqala ukuzwa izimpawu ezengeziwe.

Izimpawu ze-Dilated Cardiomyopathy zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina
• Ukukhwehlela nokuminyana
• Isiyezi noma ikhanda elibuthakathaka
• Ukuquleka
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engavamile ( Ukukhathala )
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukuphaphazela esifubeni sakho
• Ukuphelelwa umoya / ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukuvuvukala/ukuvuvukala kwesisu, imilenze, amaqakala, nezinyawo
• Ukukhuluphala okungalindelekile ngenxa yokugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kungani lokhu (i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy) kwenzeka?

"Kungani lokhu kwenzeka kimi?" ungase uzibuze. Eqinisweni, ezimweni eziningi, ngisho nochwepheshe abakwazi ukukhomba imbangela eqondile. Kodwa-ke, kunezimbangela ezithile ezaziwayo. Lezi yilezi:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (izinkinga zesigqi) ( i-Arrhythmia )
• Inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala
• Eminye imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza (lena ingaba yingozi enhliziyweni - imithi enobuthi benhliziyo )
• Izinkinga ezenzeka ngasekupheleni kokukhulelwa noma ngemva kokubeletha
• Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso
• Isifo semithambo ye-coronary
• Isifo sikashukela
• Izimo ezizuzwe kubazali ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-familial dilated cardiomyopathy . Lokhu kungabalwa ngaphezu kwama-50% amacala)
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV
• Izifo ezinjengokuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo (isibonelo, i-myocarditis )
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine
• Isifo se-thyroid
• I-hepatitis ebangelwa yigciwane

Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu angaba nezimbangela ezingaphezu kweyodwa. Isibonelo, ungase ube ne-Dilated Cardiomyopathy ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha, kuyilapho ungase ube nesifo sofuzo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo kunabanye. Yilaba:

• Abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala
• Abantu abansundu (nakuba lokhu kungabalulekile eSri Lanka, kuyinto ebonakala emhlabeni jikelele)
• Abantu besilisa
• Uma othile emndenini ene-Dilated Cardiomyopathy (ithonya lezakhi zofuzo)

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

Uma lesi sifo siqhubeka, okungukuthi, ezigabeni zokugcina, kungavela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zimbi kakhulu, yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Lezi zinkinga zingase zihlanganise:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ( i-Arrhythmia )
• Ubuhlungu besifuba ( i-Angina )
• Amahlule egazi enhliziyweni (lawa mahlule egazi angaya emaphashini futhi abangele isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary embolism )
• Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo - Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo ibuthakathaka kangangokuthi ayikwazi ukwanelisa izidingo zomzimba.
• Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo
• Isifo sohlangothi

Cabanga nje ngokuthi lezi zinkinga zinkulu kangakanani. Yingakho kufanele ukhathazeke uma ubona ngisho nophawu oluncane kakhulu.

Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo (i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy)?

Uma uya kudokotela, into yokuqala ayenzayo ukubhala umlando wakho wezokwelapha.Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha (njenganoma yiziphi izifo noma imithi oyiphuzayo ngaphambilini) kanye nomlando womndeni wakho (njengezifo umndeni wakho oke waba nazo). Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, udokotela uzolalela amaphaphu akho ukuze ahlole ukwakheka koketshezi. Okumangazayo ukuthi udokotela angase ezwe umsindo ongajwayelekile enhliziyweni yakho (ukububula kwenhliziyo) ngaphambi kokuba ube nanoma yiziphi izimpawu.

Ngemva kwalokho, kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuze uthole ukuthi lesi sifo sibucayi kangakanani futhi uhlele ukwelashwa okufanele wena.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa okunjalo kungenziwa:

• I-Angiogram: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola umonakalo wenhliziyo nezinye izinkinga.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono oqondile wokuthi inhliziyo yakho inkulu yini kunejwayelekile.
• I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Kufana 'nevidiyo' yenhliziyo. Kungabonisa ukuthi inhliziyo isebenza kahle kangakanani, ukuthi imisipha isebenza kanjani, nokuthi ama-valve asebenza kanjani.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Lokhu kuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo, okusho ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini izinkinga ngesigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kanjani lapho uzivocavoca.
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi unesifo esibangelwa ufuzo.
• I-MRI Yenhliziyo: Lokhu kunganikeza nesithombe esicacile sobukhulu kanye nomsebenzi wamagumbi enhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Endomyocardial biopsy: Lokhu akwenziwa njalo. Kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yomsipha wenhliziyo bese uyihlola.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

Ungadinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha. Nakuba lezi zindlela zokwelapha ngokuvamile zingakwazi ukwelapha lesi sifo ngokuphelele, zingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu futhi zikusize uphile impilo ende nenempilo. Uma ukwelashwa kuqala ngokushesha, umphumela uba ngcono. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo noma uchwepheshe wezinkinga zenhliziyo uzokhuluma nawe futhi anqume uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Izindlela zokwelapha zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: imithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, kanye nokuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha.

Imithi

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi engathuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho ezimweni ze-Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• Izithibi ze-ACE
• Izitha ze-Aldosterone
• Ama-Angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI)
• Imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ( i-antiarrhythmics )
• Ama-Beta-blocker
• Ama-blood thinner/anticoagulant - ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezimo ezifana ne -atrial fibrillation
• Imithi enciphisa inani loketshezi olungadingekile emzimbeni ( i-Diuretics )

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza yonke le mithi njengoba kunqunywe udokotela, ngesilinganiso esifanele, nangesikhathi esifanele.

Izinguquko emikhubeni yansuku zonke

Ngokwenza izinguquko ezincane endleleni yakho yansuku zonke, ekudleni, nakwezinye izinto, ungenza imithi yakho isebenze kangcono, futhi mhlawumbe ubambezele noma ugweme isidingo sokuhlinzwa ngokuphelele.

Lezi zinguquko yilezi:

• Vikela umzimba wakho: Nciphisa inani lotshwala oluphuzayo. Gwema izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni ngokuphelele. Zivikele ezifweni ezifana ne-hepatitis ebangelwa amagciwane kanye ne-HIV.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Yidla inyama eningi engenamafutha amaningi (njengenkukhu nenhlanzi), izithelo, nemifino. Ukudla ukudla okunosawoti omncane kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni, okungabeka ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni.
• Khulisa umsebenzi womzimba: Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile okungalukhuni kakhulu enhliziyweni kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okufanele. Ungase uthande futhi ukucabanga ngokuhlanganyela ohlelweni lokuvuselela inhliziyo . Lena indawo enhle yokuqala ukuzivocavoca ngokuphephile.

Ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinqubo ezingangenisi kakhulu

Uma lesi sifo sesithuthuke kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kwehla kakhulu, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha ezikhethekile. Ezinye zezinqubo ze-Dilated Cardiomyopathy yilezi:

• I-Biventricular pacemaker: Lena idivayisi esiza amakamelo enhliziyo ukuthi asebenze ngesigqi esifanayo.
• I-ICD (i-ICD) efakwa ku-Implantable cardioverter: Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kungahambi kahle ngendlela eyingozi, le divayisi ikhipha ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi ukuze kubuyiselwe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ama-valve enhliziyo: Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
• Idivayisi yokusiza ye-ventricular yesobunxele (LVAD): Lena idivayisi yomshini esiza ukupompa igazi liye emisipheni yenhliziyo ebuthaka kakhulu.
• Ukufakelwa inhliziyo: Lena inketho engavamile kakhulu, ecatshangelwayo lapho zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile.

Ingabe lesi sifo singavinjelwa?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, lesi simo asikwazi ukuvinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kungaba yinto eyenzeka emndenini wakho (izakhi zofuzo). Noma, kungase kube ngenxa ye-chemotherapy yesifo esifana nomdlavuza.Kungaba futhi umphumela omubi wokwelashwa.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yokuthola i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy:

• Gwema izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine ngokuphelele.
• Uma uphuza utshwala, bunciphise bube yinani elincane kakhulu.
• Uma unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, zilawule kahle.
• Nakekela inhliziyo yakho kahle ukuze uvimbele ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema).

Yini ongayilindela uma uphila nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

Ukubikezela kwakho kuncike embangeni kanye nobunzima besimo sakho. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile, ungase ukwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini futhi uqhubeke nemisebenzi yakho evamile yansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma isimo sakho siba sibi kakhulu noma kuvela izinkinga, ungase ube nesikhathi esinzima sokubhekana naso. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho zithuthuka.

Kubantu abaningi, i-dilated cardiomyopathy ingaba yimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi iholele ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo isikhathi eside. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo iba buthakathaka kangangokuthi ayikwazi ukuhambisana nezidingo zomzimba. Ukwehluleka kwezinso kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu kuyizimpawu zokuthi lesi sifo ngeke sihambe kahle. Abantu abanezimpawu ngisho noma bephumule, noma abangakwazi ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba, bavame ukuba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Impilo kanye nobude besikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abane-Dilated Cardiomyopathy kuthuthuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje. Lokhu kungenxa yokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokutholakala kusenesikhathi. Namuhla, abantu abangaphezu kuka-80% abanalesi sifo baphila kahle iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, ngaphandle kokudinga ukufakelwa inhliziyo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ngenkathi uphila nalesi sifo ukuzinakekela. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.

• Qaphela izimpawu zezinkinga, njengokukhuluphala ngokuzumayo, nsuku zonke.
• Yenza izinguquko ezinconywa udokotela wakho (isib. ukudla ukudla okunosawoti omncane) ngqo.
• Bona udokotela wakho ukuze akuvakashele kaningana ngonyaka.
• Phuza imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele nangesikhathi esifanele.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Ngenxa yokuthi isimo sakho singashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungcono ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho futhi uhlolwe njalo. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyenze impilo yakho yonke. Uma uzizwa sengathi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Angakusiza ukuthi uphathe izimpawu zakho.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma usanda kutholwa unesifo, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi. Ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthola ukuhlolwa kofuzo komndeni wami wonke?
• Ingabe kufanele ngigweme umsebenzi onzima?
• Ingabe ikhona iqembu lokusekela engingalijoyina, kungaba eSri Lanka noma ku-inthanethi?
• Yikuphi ukudla okufanele mina?
• Uhlobo luni lokuzivocavoca okufanele ngilwenze futhi kufanele ngilwenze isikhathi esingakanani?

Akekho ofuna ukwazi ukuthi inhliziyo yakhe ayisebenzi kahle. Kodwa-ke, odokotela banamuhla banganikeza izindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ukusiza inhliziyo yakho isebenze kahle ezimweni ezifana ne-Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Kukhona nezinguquko ezilula ongazenza ukuze uthuthukise isimo sakho. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo nokuqonda izinketho zakho. Ungasebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqhubeka nalesi simo.

Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kangcono isifo semisipha yenhliziyo esikhulume ngaso namuhla (i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy) . Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esibucayi, uma usazi futhi usiphatha kahle, ungaphila impilo enhle.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu, ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha, bese ulandela ukwelashwa nemiyalelo enikezwe udokotela wakho ngqo. Awuwedwa, kukhona odokotela nabasebenzi bezempilo abazokusiza futhi bakuqondise kulolu hambo. Ngakho-ke hlala uqinile futhi ubhekane nalesi simo.

Isifo senhliziyo, inhliziyo ekhuphukile, i-cardiomyopathy evulekile, ubuthakathaka bemisipha yenhliziyo, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukwelashwa kwenhliziyo