Wake wazibuza ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya kanjani ngaphandle kokuphumula, ngesikhathi esifanele, ngesigqi esifanayo? Lapho silele, lapho sisebenza, lapho sigijima, sonke lesi sikhathi, inhliziyo yenza umsebenzi wayo kahle. Isizathu salokhu uhlelo lukagesi olumangalisayo ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo. Njengohlelo lwezintambo endlini, yilokhu okunikeza inhliziyo isignali yokushaya, okungukuthi, isignali kagesi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalolu hlelo lokuhambisa ugesi lwenhliziyo.
Iyini le ndlela kagesi yenhliziyo?
Kalula nje, uhlelo lokuhambisa ugesi lwenhliziyo yakho luyinethiwekhi ekhethekile yamaseli alawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Luqukethe amaseli ezinzwa kanye namaseli emisipha. Izimpawu zikagesi ezithunyelwa yilolu hlelo yizo ezibangela ukuba inhliziyo ifinyele bese iphumula.
Cabanga ngohlelo lwezintambo olusemakhaya ethu. Njengoba nje ugesi ugeleza ngezintambo ukuze uvule izibani noma uvule ifeni, lolu hlelo lukagesi olusenhliziyweni luthumela nezimpawu emisipheni yenhliziyo, luzitshela ukuthi "sekuyisikhathi sokufinyela," nokuthi "sekuyisikhathi sokupompa igazi."
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamaseli ezilawula le nqubo:
- Amaseli aqhuba: Lawa afana 'nezintambo' ezithwala izimpawu zikagesi kuyo yonke inhliziyo.
- Amaseli emisipha: Uma lawa maseli ethola isignali kagesi, ayafinyela. Okusho ukuthi, inhliziyo ishaya ngenxa yalawa maseli. Njengoba nje isibani sikhanya lapho ugesi ugeleza ngentambo.
Lezi zimpawu yizo eziyala inhliziyo ukuthi ipompe igazi emzimbeni wonke.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngalolu hlelo?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesistimu kagesi yenhliziyo ukuthumela isignali ukuqala ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Iphinde ilawule ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zenhliziyo (amakamelo aphezulu naphansi abizwa ngokuthi i-atria nama-ventricles) kufanele zinciphe nini nokuthi kufanele ziphumule nini.
Le nqubo yokufinyela nokululama ilawulwa ngokunembile, yingakho igazi ligeleza enhliziyweni bese lisuka lapho liye emzimbeni wonke.
Uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo enempilo lugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuzinzile nokulinganayo. Luphinde lusize ukusheshisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho lapho udinga umoya-mpilo negazi elengeziwe, njengalapho uzivocavoca noma ugijima, kanye nokunciphisa ijubane lapho uphumule.
Indlela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okwenzeka ngayo, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Ngokushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye, lesi siginali kagesi sihamba ngendlela ethile enhliziyweni. Cabanga ngaso njengesitimela esihamba emzileni othile.
1. Ukuqala - Ijeneretha yenhliziyo: Okokuqala, i-sinoatrial node (i-SA node) enhliziyweni.Isignali kagesi iqala engxenyeni ebizwa ngokuthi. Lesi "yi-pacemaker yemvelo" yenhliziyo. Kufana neswishi enkulu endlini.
2. Ukufinyela kwegumbi eliphezulu: Lesi siginali kagesi sisakazeka emakamelweni amabili aphezulu enhliziyo, i-atria . Bese, lawo makamelo amabili ayafinyela, athumele igazi elikuwo emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo.
3. Isibani sethrafikhi: Okulandelayo, lesi sibani sifika endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-atrioventricular node (i-AV node) . Lokhu kufana nesibani sethrafikhi. Lapha, isibani sibambezeleka ngengxenye yomzuzwana. Isizathu salokhu ukunikeza lonke igazi elisezindlini ezimbili eziphezulu isikhathi sokuthululela emakamelweni aphansi.
4. Hamba ngentambo eyinhloko: Bese kuthi isignali ebambezelekile yehle ngemicu ekhethekile yezinzwa ebizwa ngokuthi i-Bundle of His .
5. Ukufinyela kwamakamelo angaphansi: Ekugcineni, lesi siginali sisakazeka ngenethiwekhi yezintambo ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-Purkinje fibers ziye emakamelweni amabili aphansi enhliziyo, ama-ventricle . La makamelo amabili aphansi abe esefinyela ngamandla, epompa igazi liye emaphashini ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye nasemzimbeni wonke ngakolunye.
Uma zonke lezi zinyathelo zihlangana, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuphelile. Cabanga nje, uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho luthumela izinkulungwane zalezi zimpawu ngosuku ukuze zikugcine uphila.
| Ingxenye yesistimu kagesi | Umsebenzi ulula. |
|---|---|
| I-node ye-Sinoatrial (i-node ye-SA) | I-pacemaker yemvelo yenhliziyo. Ithumela isignali kagesi ukuze kuqaliswe ukushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| I-Atrioventricular node (i-AV node) | Isignali kagesi iyabambezeleka okwesikhashana, okunikeza amakamelo aphezulu (i-atria) isikhathi sokukhipha konke. |
| Inqwaba Yakhe | Isignali evela ku-node ye-AV ihlukaniswe ngamagatsha amabili futhi ithwalwa iye emakamelweni aphansi (amaseli). |
| Imicu yePurkinje | Isignali kagesi isakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu ezindongeni zamakamelo angaphansi, okubangela ukuthi anciphe. |
Lolu hlelo lulawulwa kanjani?
Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho akuhlali kufana, akunjalo? Akusikho izinga elifanayo olitholayo uma ugijima ngemuva kwebhasi, kodwa yizinga elifanayo olitholayo uma ufunda incwadi. Leli zinga lilawulwa yingxenye yomzimba wakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-Autonomic Nervous System yakho. Yilokhu okutshela i-SA node ukuthi "isebenze ngokushesha" noma "isebenze kancane."
- Isimiso sezinzwa esinozwela: Yilokhu okulawula impendulo 'yokulwa noma yokubaleka'. Lolu hlelo lusebenza uma uzizwa wesaba, esimweni esiphuthumayo, noma ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, futhi lusheshisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
- Isistimu yezinzwa ye-Parasympathetic: Lokhu kulawula impendulo 'yokuphumula nokugaya'. Uma ulele futhi uphumule, lolu hlelo luyasebenza futhi lugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuhamba kancane.
Yiziphi izifo ezingase zivele kulesi simiso sikagesi?
Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba namaphutha athile ohlelweni lukagesi lwenhliziyo. Bese kuba nezinkinga ngesigqi senhliziyo. Ngokuvamile sibiza lezi zinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Arrhythmia | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Kungaba okusheshayo, okuhamba kancane, noma okungajwayelekile. Isibonelo yi-(Atrial Fibrillation - Afib). |
| Ibhulokhi Legatsha Elihlanganisiwe | Ukuphazamiseka endleleni yesignali ohlangothini olulodwa (kwesokudla noma kwesobunxele) lwezintambo eziyinhloko eziphethe isignali kagesi. |
| Ukuvimba Inhliziyo | Ukudluliselwa kwezimpawu zikagesi phakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu (i-atria) namakamelo aphansi (ama-valve e-mitral) enhliziyo kuyaphazamiseka noma kuyeke ngokuphelele. |
| I-Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) | Amakamelo angaphansi enhliziyo ayafinyela futhi athatha isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ukululama. Lokhu kungabangela ukuquleka (i-syncope) noma ukumiswa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo. |
| Ukuncishiswa Kwemithambo Yegazi Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi | Ukushaya okwengeziwe, kwangaphambi kwesikhathi okuvela emakamelweni angaphansi enhliziyo. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi isifuba 'siyashaya' noma njengokushaya okweqiwe. |
| Ukuboshwa Kwenhliziyo | Lokhu kuyiphutha elikhulu kakhulu ohlelweni lukagesi lwenhliziyo. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo iyeke ukushaya ngokuzumayo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esibi kakhulu futhi singaholela ekufeni uma singelashwa ngokushesha. |
Izimpawu ezingakusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi unalolu hlobo lwenkinga
Uma kunenkinga ngesistimu kagesi yenhliziyo yakho, ungase ubhekane nezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo (ukuzwa sengathi isifuba sakho sishaya ngokushesha)
- Isiyezi
- Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi noma ukuquleka
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engavamile
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha. Uma izimpawu zinzima, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
Udokotela angahlola isigqi senhliziyo yakho nge- ECG (electrocardiogram) . Ungase ucelwe futhi ukuthi ugqoke idivayisi encane (i-heart monitor) ukuze iqaphe isigqi senhliziyo yakho izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto. Kunezindlela zokwelapha lezi zinkinga, njengemithi kanye nokufakelwa kwedivayisi efana ne -pacemaker .
Ungawugcina kanjani ugesi wenhliziyo uphilile?
Ezinye izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo zingabangelwa izici zofuzo. Asikwazi ukuzishintsha. Kodwa-ke, ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kungasiza kakhulu ekugcineni inhliziyo yakho yonke iphilile.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Zama ukugcina isisindo somzimba esinempilo esifanele ubude bakho.
- Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha. Ukuba seduze nabantu ababhemayo (intuthu ebhemayo) nakho kuyingozi.
- Phuza imithi yakho ngendlela efanele: Phuza imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ngesikhathi.
- Nciphisa utshwala ne-caffeine: Nciphisa utshwala neziphuzo ezine-caffeine njengekhofi.
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco: Yidla ukudla okunomsoco, njengemifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi kanye nokolweni ophelele.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Zivocavoce okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto.
- Lawula ukucindezeleka: Nciphisa ukucindezeleka ngezinto ezifana nokuzindla, i-yoga, nokukhuluma nomngane omethembayo.
Ngokuvamile siqaphela uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo kuphela uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngalo. Kodwa lolu hlelo olungabonakali yilona olunikeza inhliziyo amandla nesigqi esikudingayo ukuze isigcine siphila. Ngakho-ke, ukuqaphela lokhu, ukunaka izimpawu ezingenhla, kanye nokwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo kuwusizo olukhulu ongalwenzela inhliziyo yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kulawulwa uhlelo olukhethekile lukagesi (i-Cardiac Conduction System) ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo.
- Lolu hlelo lune-'natural pacemaker' (i-SA node) kanye nohlelo 'lwezintambo' ezithwala amasignali.
- Uma kuvela amaphutha kulesi simiso sikagesi, ukungalingani kwesigqi senhliziyo (ama-arrhythmia) kungenzeka.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokuqina kwesifuba, isiyezi, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ungagcina lonke uhlelo lwakho lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, okuhlanganisa nohlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo yakho, luphilile.
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