Uyalwazi yini lolu 'hormone lwenjabulo', i-dopamine? Ake sixoxe ngalo ngokuningiliziwe!

Wake wezwa ngento ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-hormone yenjabulo'? Ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ujabule futhi ujabule, akunjalo? Leyo ehlobene kakhulu naleyo mizwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-Dopamine. Inegalelo emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla, ake sifunde kabanzi nge-Dopamine.

Iyini ngempela i-dopamine?

Kalula nje, i-dopamine iyikhemikhali eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ekhiqizwa ebuchosheni bethu. Ingeyesigaba sama-neurotransmitter abizwa ngokuthi ``Monoamine neurotransmitters.'' Iyi-``Neurotransmitter'', okusho i-neurotransmitter . Cabanga nje, amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu athumelana imiyalezo. I-Dopamine 'iyisithunywa samakhemikhali' esisiza ukushintshanisa leyo miyalezo. Isiza ukuthwala le miyalezo isuka ebuchosheni iye emzimbeni wethu wonke.

Futhi, i-dopamine iyi -hormone . I-Dopamine, i-epinephrine, kanye ne-norepinephrine yi-catecholamines eyinhloko. Lawa ma-hormone akhiqizwa yizindlala ze-adrenal, ezitholakala ngaphezu kwezinso zethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hypothalamus ebuchosheni bethu nayo ikhipha i-dopamine, i-neurohormone.

Yini eyenziwa yi-dopamine emizimbeni yethu?

I-Dopamine iyikhemikhali ehilelekile ezinqubweni eziningi ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini.

I-Dopamine njenge-neurotransmitter

Njenge-neurotransmitter, i-dopamine inegalelo kulokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukunyakaza: Kusiza ukulawula ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu.
• Inkumbulo: Lokhu kubalulekile ekukhumbuleni izinto.
• Umvuzo ojabulisayo kanye nesisusa: Uma sizwa injabulo ngento ethile, sizizwa sengathi siphinde siyenze, futhi lokho kungenxa ye-dopamine.
• Ukuziphatha kanye nokuqonda: Kuphinde kuthinte izindlela zethu zokuziphatha kanye nekhono lethu lokuqonda okuthile.
• Ukunaka: Kukusiza ukuthi uhlale ugxile kokuthile.
• Ukulala nokuvuka: Kuphinde kusize ekulawuleni amaphethini ethu okulala nokuvuka.
• Isimo Sengqondo: Lokhu kuthinta nesimo sengqondo yethu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sijabule noma sidabukile.
• Ukufunda: I-Dopamine ibalulekile nalapho ufunda izinto ezintsha.
• Ukuncelisa: Kuhlobene futhi nenqubo yokukhiqiza ubisi lomama abancelisayo.

I-Dopamine njenge-hormone

I-Dopamine iyi-hormone ekhishwa egazini lethu. Iphinde idlale indima encane empendulweni yomzimba "yokulwa noma ukubaleka" lapho sibhekene nosongo, njengengozi. Okusho ukuthi, uma ubona into eyesabekayo ngokuzumayo, ithinta indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kuyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-dopamine, njenge-hormone, nayo yenza okulandelayo:

• Kuyasiza ukwandisa (ngemithamo ephansi - `(Vasodilator)`) noma ukunciphisa (ngemithamo ephezulu - `(Vasoconstrictor)`) imithambo yegazi.
• Kwandisa ukukhishwa kwe-sodium (usawoti) nomchamo emzimbeni.
• Kunciphisa inani le-insulin elikhiqizwa yi-pancreas yethu.
• Kunciphisa ukuhamba kokudla ohlelweni lwesisu (GI) futhi kuvikela ulwelwesi lwalolo hlelo.
• Kunciphisa umsebenzi wama-lymphocyte, amaseli ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba.

I-dopamine isenza kanjani sijabule?

I-Dopamine ibizwa nangokuthi "i-hormone yokuzizwa kahle" ngoba isenza sizizwe sijabule futhi sanelisekile. Futhi, uma sijabulela okuthile, yi-dopamine le esishukumisela ukuba sikwenze futhi.

Cabanga ngale ndlela: I-Dopamine iyingxenye "yohlelo lwethu lomvuzo." Lolu hlelo lwenzelwe ukusinika umvuzo, umuzwa wenjabulo, lapho senza izinto esizidingayo ukuze sisinde (njengokudla, ukuphuza, ukuncintisana, nokuzala). Ngakho-ke, njengabantu, ubuchopho bethu buxhunywe ekufuneni ukuziphatha okukhipha i-dopamine kulolu hlelo lomvuzo. Uma wenza okuthile okujabulisayo, ubuchopho bakho bukhipha inani elikhulu le-dopamine. Bese uzizwa kahle, futhi uqhubeka nokufuna lowo muzwa.

Yingakho silutha kakhulu ukudla okuthile, ikakhulukazi ukudla okungenamsoco noshukela. Uma sikudla, ubuchopho bethu bukhipha i-dopamine eningi. Bese sizizwa sijabule, sengathi siphezulu emhlabeni, futhi sifuna lokho okuhlangenwe nakho futhi.

Kuzwakala kanjani ukuba namazinga afanele e-dopamine?

Uma amazinga akho e-dopamine elinganisiwe, uzothola imizwa efana nale:

• Kubonakala sengathi ujabule.
• Kubonakala sengathi unesithakazelo futhi uzimisele.
• Kufana nokuba oqaphile, usesimweni esihle.
• Kubonakala sengathi ungasebenza ngokugxila okuhle.

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-dopamine ehla?

Uma amazinga e-dopamine ehla, ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ubukeka ukhathele kakhulu.
• Kubonakala sengathi akukho sithakazelo kunoma yini.
• Kubonakala sengathi akukho injabulo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zivele:

• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
• Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa ngokuzumayo (ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa).
• Izinkinga zokulala.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo.
• Ukuncipha kwesifiso sobulili.

Kuthiwani uma amazinga e-dopamine ekhuphuka?

Uma amazinga e-dopamine ephakama kakhulu, ungase uzizwe unomuzwa onjengalona:

• Injabulo enkulu, injabulo (i-Euphoric).
• Ukuzizwa unamandla amakhulu.
• Isifiso sobulili esidlulele.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona futhi nokungahambi kahle kokwandisa amazinga e-dopamine. Lezi yizi:

• Ubunzima bokulala.
• Ukwenza izinqumo ngokuphamazela, ngokuphamazela (Ukulawula kabi ukuphamazela).
• Ukuba nolaka kakhulu.

Yiziphi izifo ezihlotshaniswa namazinga aphansi/aphezulu e-dopamine?

Kunezifo eziningi ezihlotshaniswa namazinga aphansi noma aphezulu e-dopamine. Kodwa kusekuningi okusazotholakala ngalokhu. Isibonelo, ingabe isifo sivela ngenxa yamazinga aphansi/aphezulu e-dopamine, noma ingabe isifo sishintsha amazinga e-dopamine? Mhlawumbe kokubili. Enye into ukuthi isenzo se-neurotransmitter eyodwa njenge-dopamine asikwazi ukubonakala sodwa. Ngoba, amanye ama-neurotransmitter amaningi, ama-hormone, namakhemikhali ebuchosheni nasemzimbeni wethu asebenza ngokubambisana. Ngakho-ke lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane.

Kodwa-ke, kunezifo eziningana ezihlobene noshintsho emazingeni e-dopamine.

Izifo ezihambisana nokuntuleka kwe-dopamine:

• Isifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD): Abantu abanalesi simo bathole ukuthi banamazinga aphansi e-dopamine.
• Isifo sikaParkinson: Lokhu kubangelwa ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana obuchopho akhiqiza i-dopamine.
• I-restless legs syndrome: Isimo esibonakala ngokungakhululeki emilenzeni kanye nesifiso sokuyishukumisa.

Izifo ezihambisana nokwanda kwe-dopamine:

• Ukuhlanya: Isimo sengqondo sokujabula ngokweqile kanye nomsebenzi.
• Ukukhuluphala: Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-dopamine nokukhuluphala.
• Umlutha: I-Dopamine idlala indima enkulu ekuluthweni yizidakamizwa nokugembula.

Izifo ezihambisana namazinga aphansi naphezulu e-dopamine:

I-Schizophrenia : Lesi yisifo sengqondo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ezinye izimpawu (ezifana nokubona izinto ezingekho, ukuphupha) zingabangelwa ukwanda kwe-dopamine kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Ezinye izimpawu (ezifana nokunganaki) zingabangelwa ukwehla kwe-dopamine kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho.

Yimiphi imithi ehlobene ne-dopamine?

Kunemithi eyahlukahlukene engalawula amazinga e-dopamine noma isebenze njenge-dopamine. Ake siyibheke.

Bayini ama-Dopamine Agonists?

Ama-agonist e-dopamine awuhlobo lomuthi osebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-dopamine yemvelo. Abopha kuma-receptor e-dopamine ebuchosheni futhi awavuselele. Njengoba nje amangqamuzana ezinzwa esabela ku-dopamine yemvelo.

Le mithi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikaParkinson, ukucindezeleka, i-restless legs syndrome, i-ADHD, isifiso esiphansi socansi, kanye ne-hyperprolactinemia (ukwanda kwe-hormone ekhiqiza ubisi).

Ezinye izibonelo:

• Ngesifo sikaParkinson: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`, `(Ropinirole (Requip®))`, `(Rotigotine (Neupro®))`, `(Apomorphine HCl (KYNMOBI®))`.
• Ngokucindezeleka: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Kulabo abanesifiso sobulili esiphansi: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Nge-hyperprolactinemia: `(Bromocriptine (Parlodel®))`, `(Cabergoline (Dostinex®))`.

Yini Abaphikisi be-Dopamine?

Ama-dopamine antagonists uhlobo lomuthi olubopha kuma-dopamine receptors ebuchosheni bese luwavimba. Okusho ukuthi, avimba i-dopamine ukuthi ingafiki engqamuzaneni lemizwa elilandelayo. Imithi eminingi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo esetshenziswa ukwelapha izifo zengqondo iwela kulesi sigaba.

Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-schizophrenia , i-bipolar disorder, kanye nesicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Izibonelo:

Ngesifo se- schizoaffective : `(Aripiprazole (Abilify®))`, `(Risperidone (Risperdal®))`, `(Ziprasidone (Geodon®))`.
• Ngesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo: `(Risperidone)`, `(Olanzapine (Zyprexa®))`, `(Ziprasidone)`.
• Ngesicanucanu nokuhlanza: `(Metoclopramide (Reglan®))`, `(Droperidol (Inapsine®))`.

Ziyini i-Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors?

Ama-dopamine reuptake inhibitors uhlobo lomuthi ovimbela amangqamuzana ezinzwa akhiphe i-dopamine ukuthi ayimunce kabusha. Lokhu kushiya i-dopamine eningi ebuchosheni, engasetshenziswa amangqamuzana ezinzwa amaningi.

Lo muthi uyasiza ekucindezelekeni, i-narcolepsy (ukozela ngokweqile), kanye nokulutha njengokubhema nokudla ngokweqile.

Izibonelo:

• Ngokucindezeleka: `(Bupropion (Wellbutrin®))`.
• Nge-narcolepsy: `(Modafinil (Provigil))`.
• Ngomlutha we-cocaine: `(Bupropion)`, `(Nomifensine)`, `(Benztropine (Cogentin))`, `(Mazindol)`.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema: `(Bupropion)`.

Kuyini iLevodopa?

I-Levodopa umuthi oyinhloko osetshenziswa ukwelapha isifo sikaParkinson. Ukuphazamiseka kokunyakaza ezigulini zikaParkinson kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-dopamine. Ukuze i-Levodopa iyiswe ngqo ebuchosheni (kunokuba iyiswe kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba), inikezwa kanye nomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Carbidopa. Uma isisebuchosheni, i-Levodopa iguqulwa ibe yi-dopamine.

Iyini indima ye-dopamine ekuluthweni yizidakamizwa?

Uma sisebenzisa izidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa, ziphazamisa indlela amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu athumela futhi amukele ngayo imiyalezo. Izidakamizwa ezifana nensangu ne-heroin zisebenza njengezidakamizwa zemvelo. Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-amphetamines ne-cocaine zibangela ukuthi inani elikhulu lama-neurotransmitter emvelo (njenge-dopamine) likhishwe ngokushesha, noma ziyeke ukumuncwa kabusha.

Lezi zidakamizwa zivuselela kakhulu "isikhungo semivuzo" yobuchopho bethu. Uma siqhubeka nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa isikhathi eside, ingxenye yobuchopho iba buthakathaka, futhi asisazizwa kahle njengoba besingenza kunoma yini enye ngaphandle kwesidakamizwa. Futhi, ukuze sithole injabulo efanayo, sidinga ukuthatha izidakamizwa eziningi kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, enye ingxenye yobuchopho iba nomuzwa omkhulu wokungakhululeki (njengokukhathazeka nokungaphumuli) okwenzeka lapho imiphumela yesidakamizwa iphela. Bese silingeka ukuba siphinde sisebenzise lesi sidakamizwa ukuze sisuse lokho kungakhululeki. Ngakho-ke, ukulutheka kuwumjikelezo omubi okhula ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Ososayensi manje bacabanga ukuthi indima ye-dopamine akuyona nje ukubangela injabulo ngqo, kodwa kunalokho ukukhumbula okuhlangenwe nakho okujabulisayo nokukuqinisa ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngakho-ke, lapho i-dopamine ikhula ngokuzumayo ngenxa yezidakamizwa, ifundisa ubuchopho ukukhumbula okuhlangenwe nakho. Ubuchopho bakho buhlobanisa ukusebenzisa kwakho izidakamizwa nayo yonke imikhuba yakho nazo zonke ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana nakho. Yingakho ungabuyela endaweni lapho wasebenzisa khona izidakamizwa, ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi eside uyeke ukuzisebenzisa, kodwa usazizwa sengathi uyawudinga umuthi futhi.

Ungawandisa kanjani amazinga e-dopamine ngokwemvelo?

Ungazama izinto ezingasiza ekwandiseni amazinga e-dopamine ngokwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngemiphumela yokudla neziphuzo kuma-neurotransmitter njenge-dopamine.

• Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-magnesium kanye ne-tyrosine. Lezi yizona zinto zokwakha ukukhiqizwa kwe-dopamine. I-Tyrosine iyi-amino acid. Imuncwa ngumzimba bese iya ebuchosheni, lapho iguqulwa khona ibe yi-dopamine. Ukudla okuthiwa kwandisa i-dopamine kufaka phakathi: inkukhu, ama-alimondi, ama-apula, ama-avokhado, ubhanana, ama-beet, ushokoledi (ikakhulukazi ushokoledi omnyama), imifino eluhlaza, itiye eliluhlaza, ubhontshisi be-lima, i-oatmeal, amawolintshi, amantongomane e-macadamia, imbewu ye-sesame kanye nethanga, utamatisi, i-turmeric, ikhabe, kanye ne-bran kakolweni.
• Yenza imisebenzi ekwenza uzizwe ujabule futhi ukhululekile. Lokhu kucatshangwa ukuthi kwandisa amazinga e-dopamine. Izibonelo zifaka: ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuzindla, ukwenza i-yoga, ukuthola i-massage, ukudlala nesilwane esifuywayo, ukuhamba emvelweni, noma ukufunda incwadi.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Dopamine iyi-neurotransmitter kanye ne-hormone. Idlala indima emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi ukunyakaza, inkumbulo, injabulo kanye nesisusa. Amazinga aphansi noma aphezulu e-dopamine ahlotshaniswa nezinkinga eziningana zempilo yengqondo kanye nezifo zezinzwa.

I-Dopamine iyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kusenocwaningo oluningi oluqhubekayo mayelana nokuthi ihlobene kanjani nezimo zezempilo nokuthi isebenzisana kanjani nezinye izinzwa, ama-hormone, namakhemikhali.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu zamazinga aphansi noma aphezulu e-dopamine, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho. Angahlola izimpawu zakho, enze izivivinyo ezidingekayo, futhi akusize wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele uma unesifo esingaphansi. Khumbula, ungaziphilisi, ikakhulukazi ngento eyinkimbinkimbi njengale.

I- Dopamine, i-neurotransmitter, ama-hormone, ubuchopho, impilo yengqondo, isifo sikaParkinson, umlutha