Ingabe ingane yakho inezinkinga ngokunyakaza kwamehlo? Ake sixoxe nge-Duane Syndrome!

Wake waphawula ukuthi ezinye izingane zinenkinga yokujika amehlo azo aye ohlangothini olufanayo? Noma kubukeka sengathi iso elilodwa libheke ekhaleni kanti elinye libheke endlebeni. Kuvamile ngabazali ukuzizwa bekhathazekile kakhulu lapho bebona into efana nale, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka enganeni yabo. I-Duane Syndrome, esizokhuluma ngayo namuhla, yisimo sokuzalwa esenzeka ngokunyakaza kwamehlo. Kalula nje, lolu uhlobo lwe-strabismus.

Iyini i-Duane Syndrome? Ungangichazela okwengeziwe?

Kulungile, ake sikuchaze kalula lokhu. Umuntu one-Duane Syndrome unenkinga yokuphendulela amehlo akhe ohlangothini, okungukuthi, ohlangothini lwekhala kanye nohlangothi lwendlebe. Kungaba yiso elilodwa, kungaba yiso lomabili. Ngaphezu kobunzima bokuphendulela la mehlo ohlangothini, abanye abantu bangase babe nobunzima bokubheka phezulu naphansi.

Enye into ukuthi amehlo awafani, abheka eceleni, futhi ngisho nezinhlamvu zamehlo zinganyakaza ngendlela ehlukile lapho zizama ukuhambisa amehlo. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi imizwa (imizwa ye-cranial) elawula imisipha emehlweni ethu ayisebenzi kahle. Cabanga nje, kufana nokungakwazi ukujika isiteringi semoto kunoma iyiphi indlela.

Ezimweni eziningi, phakathi kuka-80% no-90%, lesi simo sithinta iso elilodwa kuphela (eliyi-unilateral). Kutholakale nokuthi iso lesobunxele livame ukuthinteka kakhulu .

Ingabe kukhona amanye amagama alokhu?

Yebo, kunezinye amagama amaningana asetshenziswa ku-Duane Syndrome. Ungakhathazeki uma udokotela wakho ethi elinye lala magama, wonke ayisimo esifanayo.

• I-Duane retraction syndrome
• Isifo sokuhoxa kwamehlo
• I-Retraction syndrome noma i-congenital retraction syndrome
• I-Duane radial ray syndrome
• I-Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome

Kuhle ukwazi la magama, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi la magama angavela kumarekhodi ezokwelapha.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-Duane Syndrome?

Yebo, njengoba nje sikhuluma ngokudla, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-Duane syndrome. Zibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo 1, uhlobo 2, kanye nohlobo 3. Manje ake sibheke uhlobo ngalunye ngokwehlukana.

I-Duane syndrome yohlobo 1

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu , oluhlanganisa u-78% wabo bonke abantu abane-Duane syndrome.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninohlobo lokuqala, kunzima ukubhekisa iso ngaphandle, okungukuthi, ngasendlebeni.Kodwa ungaphendulela iso lakho ohlangothini lwekhala lakho. Kodwa uma wenza lokho, isikhala lapho iso likhona sincane, futhi inhlamvu yeso ingabonakala "ihoxa". Ngezinye izikhathi iso lingabonakala sengathi lidonseleka ohlangothini lwekhala lakho (esotropia).

I-Duane syndrome yohlobo lwesibili

Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu , olubalelwa cishe ku-7% wabantu abanalesi simo.

Umuntu onohlobo lwesibili unekhono elilinganiselwe lokujika amehlo abheke ngaphakathi, okungukuthi, ngasekhaleni . Kodwa-ke, angajika amehlo abheke endlebeni. Kodwa-ke, uma enza kanjalo, ukuvulwa kwamehlo kuba kuncane, njengasohlotsheni lokuqala, futhi inhlamvu yeso ingase ibonakale sengathi iya ngaphakathi. Laba bantu bangase babe namehlo abheke ngaphandle, abheke endlebeni (exotropia).

I-Duane syndrome yohlobo lwesithathu

Lolu hlobo luthinta cishe iziguli eziyi-15%.

Umuntu onesifo sohlobo lwesithathu unekhono elilinganiselwe lokujika amehlo akhe kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, ngaphakathi nangaphandle . Futhi, uma ebhekwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, iso lingase libonakale linciphile futhi inhlamvu yeso ingase ibonakale sengathi iya ngaphakathi.

Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubalulekile kodokotela ukuze bahlele ukwelashwa futhi baqonde uhlobo lwesifo.

Ivame kangakanani i-Duane Syndrome?

Ngokwezibalo e-United States, cishe u-4% wabantu, noma abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-13, banohlobo oluthile lwe-strabismus. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-1% no-5% walabo abanalesi simo bane-Duane syndrome.

Enye into ukuthi lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane .

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ingabe nezingane ezincane ziyazibona lezi?

Yebo, ezinye zezimpawu ze-Duane syndrome zingabonakala ngisho nasezinsaneni ezincane. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko:

• Ukuthambekela kwekhanda okungajwayelekile: Abanye abantu abane-Duane syndrome bavame ukuthambekela amakhanda abo ohlangothini olulodwa bezama ukugcina amehlo abo eqondile. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthambekela kwekhanda lakho uma ubheka isithombe esilenga odongeni.
• I-Strabismus: Ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa hhayi njalo, kubonakala sengathi womabili amehlo awakhombisi ohlangothini olufanayo .
• I-Amblyopia noma i-lazy eye: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-lazy eye." Njengoba ubuchopho bujwayela iso elingcono, buqala ukunganaki izimpawu ezivela esweni elithintekile. Lokhu kungaholela ekuboneni okubi kulelo liso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Iso elilodwa libonakala lincane kunelinye: Lokhu kungenxa yokuncipha kwebhola leso.
• Ukuhambisa amehlo phezulu noma phansi uma ubheka ohlangothini oluthile: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukudubula phezulu" noma "ukudubula phansi". Kungabonakala sengathi amehlo agxumagxuma ngokuzumayo phezulu noma phansi.

Uma ubona lezi zimpawu enganeni yakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wamehlo ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Ingabe abantu abane-Duane Syndrome bangaba nezinye izimo zezokwelapha?

Nakuba kungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, i-Duane syndrome ngezinye izikhathi ingahambisana nezinye izinkinga zempilo. Ezinye zalezi zinkinga zifaka:

• Izinkinga zokuzwa
• I-Goldenhar syndrome: Lesi yisimo esibangela ukukhubazeka kobuso, izindlebe, nomgogodla.
• Izinkinga ngomgogodla wakho noma ngomgogodla wakho

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimo zamehlo zingavela kanye ne-Duane syndrome. Isibonelo:

• I-Cataract: Lokhu kusho ukufiphala kwelensi yeso.
• I-Microphthalmos: Kulesi simo, iso liba lincane ngendlela engavamile.
• I-Nystagmus: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amehlo enyakaza ngokushesha nangokungalawuleki.
• I-Crocodile tears syndrome: Lokhu kuhlobene nesimo sokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa yobuso esibizwa ngokuthi i-Bell's palsy. Kulesi simo, izinyembezi ziyavela lapho kudliwa noma kuphuzwa okuthile.

Ngakho-ke, lapho kutholakala ukuthi unesifo i-Duane syndrome, odokotela bahlola nezinye izimo ezifanayo.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Duane Syndrome?

I-Duane syndrome iyisimo sofuzo, kodwa ngokuvamile asizuzwa njengefa . Lezi zinkinga zokunyakaza kwamehlo zibangelwa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, yizinkinga zemizwa yekhanda elawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo ethu.

Ikakhulukazi, kutholakale ukuthi izingane zomama abachayeke emuthini i- thalidomide ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zinamathuba amancane okuthuthukisa i-Duane syndrome (umuthi awusasetshenziswa ngale njongo).

Cishe abantu abayi-10% abane-Duane syndrome banamalungu omndeni nawo analesi simo. Ezimweni ezinjalo zomndeni, womabili amehlo avame ukuthinteka (ngamacala amabili).

Uma i-Duane syndrome izuzwa njengefa, ibangelwa ukuthi ingane izuze uhlobo oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo `CHN1`, `MAFB`, noma `SALL4` kubazali bayo. Le ndlela yokuzuza ifa ibizwa ngokuthi `i-autosomal dominant` . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka kungakhathaliseki ubulili, futhi noma ngabe umzali oyedwa kuphela onalesi simo, ingane ingasizuza njengefa.

Ingabe i-Duane Syndrome iyathelelana?

Cha, akunjalo nhlobo. I-Duane syndrome ayisona isifo esithathelwanayo. Okusho ukuthi, ayisabalali isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokuyesaba.

Itholakala kanjani i-Duane Syndrome?

Udokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi udokotela wamehlo, uzothatha umlando ophelele wezokwelapha futhi ahlole amehlo akho ngokucophelela. Bazolinganisa ukuthi angakanani amanzi emehlweni akho nokuthi ungawaphendula ibanga elingakanani kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye.

Udokotela angase futhi acele ukuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye izimo ezingase zihlotshaniswe ne-Duane syndrome.

Kukhona esinye isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-sixth cranial nerve palsy, esifana kakhulu ne-Duane syndrome, kodwa esingavamile kangako. Udokotela uzozama futhi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Duane Syndrome?

Izindlela zokwelapha zincike eminyakeni yakho, ubukhulu besifo, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo.

• Abanye abantu bangase bangadingi ukwelashwa: Abanye abantu abane-Duane syndrome abadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Badinga nje ukuqhubeka nokubona udokotela wamehlo nokuhlolwa kwamehlo abo.
• Ukwelashwa Kweso Elivilaphayo (i-Amblyopia): Uma nawe uneso elivilaphayo, ungazama ukuthuthukisa umbono walelo soso ngokumboza iso elihle ngesichibi bese wenza iso elibuthakathaka lisebenze kanzima. Lokhu kufana nokucela ingane ehlakaniphile ekilasini ukuba ime eceleni isikhashana bese inika enye ingane ithuba.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma i-Duane syndrome inzima, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe imisipha yamehlo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa akukwazi ukulungisa inkinga yemizwa, kodwa kungasiza ekuqondiseni imisipha yamehlo, kunciphise ukuthambekela kwekhanda okungavamile, kugcine amehlo eqondile lapho ebheke phambili, futhi kulawule ukuhluma/ukwehla.

Khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa. Lokho kuncike kudokotela wakho ukuthi anqume.

Ingabe i-Duane Syndrome ingavinjelwa?

Okwamanje, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela i-Duane syndrome. Umuthi i-thalidomide, ongabangela i-Duane syndrome (phakathi kwezinye izinkinga eziningi zokuzalwa), awusasetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuyesaba.

Uma ngine-Duane Syndrome, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Abanye abantu abane-Duane syndrome bangaphendula amakhanda abo kancane, bathuthukise umbono wabo, futhi baphile impilo evamile. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili.

Uma unesinye isimo kanye ne-Duane syndrome, udokotela wakho uzokwelapha nalesi simo.

Ungase futhi unconywe ukuthi ugqoke izibuko ukuze uthuthukise ukubona kanye/noma ulungise ukuma kwamehlo akho.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe kufanele ngibone umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo? (Ikakhulukazi uma othile emndenini enalesi simo, noma uma ngilindele izingane ezengeziwe).
• Ingabe kukhona amadivayisi okusiza angasiza ekuboneni?

Udokotela uvame ukuxilonga ingane ene-Duane syndrome eminyakeni eyi-10 yokuqala yokuphila. Uma unenkinga ngokubona kwakho noma ukubona kwengane yakho, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi unqume ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-Duane syndrome futhi welaphe i-amblyopia uma ikhona.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, ukufingqa i-Duane Syndrome esikhuluma ngayo, khumbula lezi zinto:

• I-Duane syndrome yisimo sokuzalwa esenza kube nzima ukuphendukisa amehlo kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye.
• Lesi akusona isifo esithathelwanayo.
• Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuphendulela ikhanda ohlangothini olulodwa, ukufinya amehlo, kanye nokuncipha kokubona kwelinye iso.
• Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zalokhu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka nakwezinye izinkinga zempilo.
• Ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi ukubhekisisa, ukusonta iso elivilaphayo, noma ukuhlinzwa. Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma wena noma ingane yakho ninalezi zimpawu, ningesabi futhi nibone udokotela wamehlo ukuze nithole iseluleko nokwelashwa okufanele.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho!

I-Duane syndrome, i-strabismus, isimo samehlo esizalwa naso, ukunyakaza kwamehlo, iso elivilaphayo, i-amblyopia, izinkinga zokubona