Sonke sike saba nalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho ngesinye isikhathi. Uma sidla noma siphuza okuthile ngokushesha, umphimbo wethu uzizwa uqinile ngokuzumayo, sizizwa sishisiwe, futhi sizizwa sengathi siyaminza. Sithi, "Sihambe ngendlela engafanele." Ngokuvamile, kuyaphela ngemva kokuphuza amanzi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Kodwa uma unenkinga yokugwinya ukudla nokuphuza njalo, kusho ukuthi kukhona okuvimba indlela ukudla okuhamba ngayo kusuka emlonyeni wakho kuya esiswini sakho. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-dysphagia .
Lokhu akuyona nje inkinga. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lokugula okukhulu. Isibonelo, lesi simo sivame kubantu abake baba nesifo sohlangothi. Uma kungelashwa, ukudla noma isiphuzo kungangena emigudwini yakho yomoya, okusho amaphaphu akho. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi isifiso . Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezimbi njengokutheleleka kwamaphaphu kanye ne-pneumonia. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Zikhona yini izinhlobo ze-dysphagia?
Kalula nje, yebo. Lezi zinkinga zokugwinya zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi zenzeka kuphi. Cabanga ngakho njengohambo olusuka emlonyeni luye esiswini. Kunezindawo ezintathu eziyinhloko kulolu hambo: umlomo (umlomo), umphimbo (i-pharynx), kanye nepayipi elithwala ukudla liye esiswini, umminzo. Uma kunenkinga kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu kuma, uhambo luba lufushane, okusho ukuthi ukugwinya kuba nzima.
| Uhlobo lwe-dysphagia | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Dysphagia Yomlomo | Inkinga isemlonyeni wakho. Lokhu kungenzeka uma imisipha ehilelekile ekuhlafuneni ukudla, ukwenza amabhola okudla ngolimi lwakho, nokukuhlanganisa namathe kuba buthakathaka. |
| I-Oropharyngeal Dysphagia (Ubunzima obuhlobene nomphimbo) | Inkinga ivela lapho iqhubu lokudla elakheka emlonyeni licindezelwa emphinjeni. Kunezinto eziningi ezenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo lapha. Isibonelo, i-larynx (ibhokisi lezwi) iyavalwa ukuvimbela ukudla ukuthi kungangeni embhobho womoya. Lesi simo singabangelwa yiphutha kule nqubo. |
| I-Dysphagia ye-Esophageal | Inkinga ivela lapho ukudla kwehlela emphinjeni, kwehlela emhubheni, futhi kungena esiswini. Ukudla kucindezelwa phansi yizinsila ezifana namagagasi (i-peristalsis) yomhubhe. Lokhu kungakhululeki kwenzeka uma le nqubo iphazamiseka noma umhubhe uvalekile. |
Ziyini izimbangela ze-dysphagia?
Noma yisiphi isimo esithinta imizwa noma imisipha esiza enqubweni yokugwinya singabangela lokhu.
Izifo zesimiso sezinzwa nobuchopho
Ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu kulawulwa ubuchopho kanye nesimiso sezinzwa. Izifo ezithinta lesi simiso zingabangela ubunzima bokugwinya.
- Isifo sohlangothi: Ukuvaleka kwegazi eliya ebuchosheni kungalimaza izingxenye ezilawula inqubo yokugwinya.
- Isifo sikaParkinson: Ubuthakathaka kancane kancane bezingxenye zobuchopho ezithinta ukuhambisana kokunyakaza.
- I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esilimaza imithambo yegazi.
- I-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Isifo esenza buthaka imizwa elawula imisipha.
- I-Dementia: Isimo esithinta inkumbulo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kokunyakaza.
- Izimila zobuchopho: Lezi zingaba umdlavuza noma zibe yingozi. Zingaphazamisa izimpawu zezinzwa.
- I-Cerebral palsy: Isimo esenzeka ekuzalweni futhi esithinta ukuhambisana kwemisipha.
Izinkinga zemisipha
I-Dysphagia ingabangelwa nezifo ezithinta imisipha emphinjeni kanye nomphimbo ezisiza ekugwinyeni.
- I-Achalasia: Isimo esingavamile lapho imisipha engxenyeni engezansi yomhubhe ingaphumuli, okuvimbela ukudla ukuthi kungadluleli esiswini.
- I-Scleroderma: Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibangela ukuba izicubu zomhubhe ziqine, okwenza kube nzima ngemisipha ukusunduza ukudla phansi.
- I-Muscular dystrophy: Iqembu lezifo ezizuzwe njengefa ezibangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha obuqhubekayo.
- I-Myasthenia gravis: Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esiphazamisa izimpawu ezivela emithanjeni kuya emisipheni.
Ukuncipha komlomo, ukuvinjelwa, nezinkinga zesakhiwo
- Umdlavuza: Izimila ezinomdlavuza ekhanda, entanyeni, noma emhubheni zingavimba indlela yokudla.
- I-GERD (i-Acid Reflux): Ukubuyela emuva okuqhubekayo kwe-asidi yesisu kungalimaza izicubu zomhubhe, kubangele izibazi nokuncipha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-esophageal strictures .
- I-Eosinophilic esophagitis: Uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi (ama-eosinophils) luqongelela emhubheni, okwenza kube nzima futhi kube nzima ukugwinya.
- I-Esophageal diverticulum:Indawo encane efana nesikhwama yakha endaweni ebuthakathaka odongeni lomphimbo. Izinhlayiya zokudla zingabhajwa kule ndawo, okubangela umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okubhajwe emphinjeni.
Okubalulekile, nakuba ukuguga kungeyona imbangela eqondile ye-dysphagia, kuyisici esikhulu sengozi. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yobuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nezifo eziningi zezinzwa ezishiwo ngenhla.
Ungasibona kanjani lesi simo?
Uma ubona udokotela, uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho futhi ahlole umzimba. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuze bathole imbangela.
- I-Barium swallow (Ukuhlolwa kwe-Esophagram noma i-Barium swallow): Kulesi sivivinyo, uphuza uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-barium. Lolu ketshezi lubonakala lumhlophe ku-X-ray, ngakho ungabuka umphimbo usebenza njengevidiyo njengoba uwugwinya.
- I-Upper endoscopy (EGD): Kule nqubo, udokotela wakho ufaka ithubhu elincane elifakwe ikhamera phansi emphinjeni wakho ukuze ahlole umphimbo wakho, umphimbo kanye nesisu. Lokhu kungasiza ekuhloleni izimila kanye nokuvaleka kwazo.
- IZIMALI (Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fiberoptic Endoscopic of Gwinya): Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa yi-SLP. Ikhamera encane ifakwa ngekhala lakho ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukudla noma isiphuzo esinombala kuyangena yini endleleni yakho yokuphefumula uma ukugwinya.
- I-Esophageal manometry: Ipayipi lifakwa ngekhala lakho liye esiswini sakho futhi lilinganisa ukucindezeleka, noma ukufinyela, kwemisipha esesifubeni sakho uma uphuza amanzi.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela ye-dysphagia yakho kanye nobunzima bayo.
- Imithi: Ama-antibiotic angase anikezwe ukutheleleka, kanti imithi elawula i-asidi inganikezwa ezimweni ezifana ne-GERD.
- Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila: Udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma angakutshela ukuthi wenze izinguquko ekudleni. Bangase bakucebise ukuthi udle ukudla okuthambile, okucolisisiwe kahle, uhlafune kahle ukudla kwakho, bese uthatha izindebe ezincane.
- Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Uma umphimbo unciphile, kunezindlela zokuwukhulisa. Imijovo yeBotox® isetshenziselwa nokwelapha ezinye izinkinga zemisipha.
- Ipayipi lokuphakela: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, okungukuthi, lapho ukudla nokuphuza kungenzeki futhi kunengozi eyengeziwe yokuminyana, le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukunikeza ukudla okunomsoco.
- Ukuzivocavoca kokuvuselelwa: Uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma nolimi (SLP) angakufundisa ukuzivocavoca ukuqinisa imisipha yakho yokugwinya. Angakufundisa nendlela yokudla ngokuphephile, indlela yokubamba ikhanda lakho, kanye nendlela efanele yokususa ukudla uma kubhajwa.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?
Uma ingelashwa, lesi simo singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo, ngisho nokufa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela lokhu.
Izingozi eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi anele.
- Ukungondleki kahle: Ukuntuleka kokudla okwanele.
- Ukuminyana: Kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
- I-Aspire Pneumonia: I-pneumonia enzima ebangelwa ukudla noma isiphuzo esifakwa emaphashini. Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abake baba nesifo sohlangothi, ukudla kungafakwa emaphashini ngaphandle kokukhwehlela (i-bulent aspire). Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma ubona ukuthi unenkinga yokugwinya kaningi kunokuba kube kanye noma kabili, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukuthola nokwelapha imbangela eyinhloko.
| Isimo Esiphuthumayo! Yiya e-ETU (i-Emergency Treatment Unit) ngokushesha. | |
|---|---|
| Isimo | Uma uzizwa sengathi kukhona okubhajwe emphinjeni wakho futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula . |
| Isimo | Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obungazelelwe, ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwengxenye yomzimba (ukukhubazeka), noma ukungakwazi ukugwinya ngokuphelele . |
Ngisho noma izinto ezifana nokukhwehlela nokuphefumula ngomsindo zingase zingakhululeki, ziyisibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso esivela emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke ungazinaki lezo zimpawu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma unenkinga yokugwinya ukudla, futhi kwenzeka kaningi, ungacabangi nje ukuthi "kuhambe ngendlela engafanele."
- I-Dysphagia akuyona nje inkinga, ingaba uphawu lwesifo esingathi sína njengesifo sohlangothi, umdlavuza, noma isifo sezinzwa.
- Ungakushayi indiva ubunzima bokugwinya, bonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele.
- Abelaphi bezinkulumo nolimi (ama-SLP) bangaba usizo olukhulu ngokufundisa izivivinyo zokuqinisa imisipha kanye namasu okudla okuphephile.
- Uma ngokuzumayo uba nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya e-ETU yesibhedlela ngokushesha.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Amaphilisi e-Gemfibrozil (Lopid) ayimithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha yisiphi isifo?
Leli akulona iphilisi le-cholesterol elivamile (i-Statin)! Leli iphilisi elisebenza kahle kakhulu (i-Fibrate) elinganciphisa ngokushesha izinga lohlobo oluyingozi lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Very High Triglycerides' cishe ngo-50% ezigulini ezine-triglycerides ephezulu kakhulu/engavamile! Odokotela banikeza leli philisi ngokushesha ngoba uma i-triglycerides ikhuphuka kakhulu, i-pancreas ingaqhuma (i-Pancreatitis) futhi ibangele ukufa.
💬 Leli philisi lamafutha elinamandla (i-Gemfibrozil) liwancibilikisa kanjani ama-triglycerides uma lingena emzimbeni wethu?
Lona akuyona imishini ye-cholesterol evala isibindi! Leli philisi liya esibindini sethu nasemaseli amafutha (ukuvuselelwa kwe-PPAR-alpha), bese livula ngokugcwele 'i-enzyme ephula amafutha (i-Lipoprotein lipase)' emzimbeni! Bese, lawo ma-enzyme ephula amafutha (i-VLDL/Triglycerides) egazini njengomfula abe yizicucu bese elibhubhisa (futhi lokhu kwandisa kakhulu i-cholesterol/HDL enhle).
💬 Kungani kuthiwa akufanele uthathe lokhu (i-Gemfibrozil) namaphilisi avamile e-cholesterol (ama-Statins)? Yiziphi izingozi?
Leyo ingozi enkulu neyingozi kakhulu yalokhu! Uma uphuza leli philisi ngenkathi uphuza iphilisi le-cholesterol elivamile (i-Atorvastatin/Simvastatin), phakathi nesonto lokuqala, imisipha yakho engu-100% izoncibilika (i-Severe Rhabdomyolysis) futhi izinso zakho zizobola ngokuphelele bese ushona. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kangangokuthi kungaba yingozi! Futhi, ingozi yokuthola 'amatshe enyongo / i-Cholelithiasis' iphezulu kakhulu.
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