Ngezinye izikhathi sizizwa sikhathele kakhulu, sizizwa sengathi asinawo amandla, imisipha yethu iyabuhlungu, ikhanda lethu liyabuhlungu, akunjalo? Ngokuvamile sicabanga ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi asitholi ukuphumula okwanele, noma ngoba sisebenze kanzima kakhulu. Kodwa isizathu salezi zinto kungaba yinto okungenzeka ukuthi awucabangi ngayo. Lokho ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula nangokunembile.
Ziyini lezi electrolytes?
Kalula nje, ama-electrolyte ayizimbiwa ezibalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Uma lokhu kuhlangana noketshezi lomzimba njengegazi nomchamo, kudala ukushaja okuncane kukagesi. Cabanga ngomzimba wethu njengomshini oyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze lo mshini usebenze kahle, udinga ugesi. Ngokufanayo, izimpawu zikagesi ezivela kula ma-electrolyte zibalulekile ezintweni eziningi emzimbeni wethu, njengohlelo lwezinzwa, imisipha, kanye nenhliziyo, ukuze zisebenze kahle.
Sithola la ma-electrolyte ekudleni esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo, ngezinye izikhathi ngezithasiselo, futhi imizimba yethu nayo iyawakhiqiza.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-electrolyte emzimbeni wethu kanye nemisebenzi yawo
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zama-electrolyte emzimbeni wethu. Ngayinye yazo inendima ethile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ayini nokuthi kwenzekani kuzo.
| Uhlobo lwe-Electrolyte | Indima emzimbeni |
|---|---|
| I-Sodium | Ilawula inani loketshezi emzimbeni futhi isiza ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa nemisipha. |
| I-Potassium | Ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo, imizwa kanye nemisipha. Isiza ekuthwaleni izakhamzimba eziya emangqamuzaneni nasekususeni imfucuza. |
| I-calcium | Kuyasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi, kunciphise futhi kwandise imithambo yegazi, futhi kubalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone nama-enzyme kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa. |
| I-Chloride | Kusiza ukugcina amazinga anempilo oketshezi lomzimba, umfutho wegazi kanye negazi. |
| I-Magnesium | Kuyasiza ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa nemisipha futhi kuyadingeka nasekuthuthukisweni kwamathambo namazinyo anempilo. |
| I-Phosphate | Isekela ukusebenza kwesistimu yamathambo, imizwa, kanye nemisipha. |
| I-Bicarbonate | Igcina ibhalansi ye-acid-base (ibhalansi ye-pH) yegazi. Isiza ekususeni i-carbon dioxide, umkhiqizo ongcolile, emzimbeni. |
Kuyini ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte?
Ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte kwenzeka lapho enye noma ngaphezulu kwamaminerali angenhla iphezulu kakhulu noma iphansi kakhulu emzimbeni. Izitho zomzimba ezifana nezinso zethu nesibindi zilawula la mazinga emzimbeni. Uma lo mthetho uphazamiseka ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha noma esinye isizathu, kwenzeka ukungalingani.
Kalula nje, konke kufanele kube ngokulinganisela. Njengoba nje ukwengeza usawoti omncane noma omncane kungashintsha ukunambitheka kokudla.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalokhu kungalingani:
1. Amazinga aphezulu e-electrolyte (Hyper-): Ukuba khona kwama-electrolyte amaningi emzimbeni kunokudingekile.
2. Ukuncipha kwe-electrolyte (Hypo-): Ukwehla kwamazinga e-electrolyte emzimbeni ngaphezu kwenani elidingekayo.
| Uhlobo lwe-Electrolyte | Ukwenyuka kwezinga (igama lezokwelapha) | Ukucindezeleka kwegazi (igama lezokwelapha) |
|---|---|---|
| I-Sodium | I-Hypernatremia | I-Hyponatremia |
| I-Potassium | I-Hyperkalemia | I-Hypokalemia |
| I-calcium | I-Hypercalcemia | I-Hypocalcemia |
| I-Magnesium | I-Hypermagnesemia | I-Hypomagnesemia |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte kungenzeka. Izinsana, izingane ezincane, kanye nabantu asebekhulile basengozini enkulu yalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko kanye nezici eziyingozi yilezi:
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ukulahlekelwa amanzi nosawoti ngokweqile emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangelwa izimo ezifana nokuhlanza ngokweqile, isifo sohudo (isifo sohudo), ukujuluka ngokweqile (i-hyperhidrosis), noma umkhuhlane.
- Isifo sezinso: Izinso zilawula inani likasawoti kanye noketshezi emzimbeni. Uma izinso zehluleka, leli bhalansi liyalahleka.
- Isifo sesibindi: Izimo zesibindi ezifana ne-cirrhosis.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- Ukusha: Ukusha okukhulu kungabangela ukulahleka koketshezi oluningi emzimbeni.
- Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kanye nomdlavuza: Lesi simo singabangelwa ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kanye ne-chemotherapy.
- Eminye imithi: imithi yokukhipha isisu, imithi yokuhlanza isisu), amanye ama-antibiotic, kanye nama-corticosteroids nakho kungabangela ukuthi amazinga e-electrolyte ashintshe.
- Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngokweqile: Ngisho noma uphuza amanzi amaningi kunokudingekile, ama-electrolyte afana ne-sodium angancishiswa futhi amazinga angancipha.
- Izinkinga zokudla.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginalesi simo? - Izimpawu
Uma ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte kuncane, ungase ungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isimo siba sibi kakhulu, ungase ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo noma ngaphezulu:
- Ukukhathala okukhulu nokukhathala
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ukuqaqamba noma ubuthakathaka
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma okusheshayo (i-Arrhythmia)
- Ukudideka nokucasuka
- Uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa
- Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukuqaqamba ezandleni nasezinyaweni
Njengoba lezi zimpawu zingaba yizimpawu zezinye izifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma esinye noma ngaphezulu sazo siqhubeka.
Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu futhi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kokuthola lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi i-electrolyte panel . Lokhu kungalinganisa ngokunembile amazinga ama-electrolyte abalulekile, njenge-sodium ne-potassium, egazini lakho.
Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni yikuphi ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte onawo nokuthi yini ebangela lokho.
- Ukungalingani okuncane: Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuncane ngezinye izikhathi kungelashwa ngosawoti wokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngomlomo (i-ORS) noma iziphuzo eziqukethe ama-electrolyte, kanye nokuphuza uketshezi okwanele. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho .
- Ukwelashwa: Uma isimo sibucayi kancane, udokotela angase anikeze ukwelashwa okulandelayo:
- Uketshezi lwe-IV ( usawoti ): Ukubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngokunikeza usawoti (isb., i-sodium chloride) ngomthambo.
- Imithi kanye nezithasiselo: Amaphilisi noma imithi efakwa ngemithambo yokubuyisela ama-electrolyte aphelile.
- I-Hemodialysis: Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukungalingani okukhulu okubangelwa ukwehluleka kwezinso.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha isifo esiyisisekelo (isib. isifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela) esibangela lesi simo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukulungisa amazinga e-electrolyte ngeke kusize.
Ingabe lokhu kungaba yinto engathi sína? Kunini lapho kufanele ufune khona usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha
Yebo. Amazinga e-electrolyte aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu angaba yingozi empilweni. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezifana nokuquleka, ukuxhuzula, kanye nokuma kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo .
Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma othile omaziyo enezimpawu ezilandelayo, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) noma ubone udokotela ngokushesha.
- Ushintsho olucacile ekushayeni kwenhliziyo (njengokushesha, ukushaya ngamandla, njll.)
- Ukukhathala okungabekezeleleki
- Ukuhlanza noma uhudo oluqhubekayo
- Ukudideka okukhulu noma ukulahlekelwa ingqondo
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha noma ukungazweli
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-electrolyte amaminerali abalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezinzwa zomzimba wethu, imisipha kanye nenhliziyo.
- Lokhu kwanda noma ukwehla kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukudikiza kwemisipha, kanye nokudideka.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, isifo sezinso, isifo senhliziyo, kanye neminye imithi kungaba yizimbangela eziyinhloko zalesi simo.
- Uma unezimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko ngaphandle kokuzelapha.
- Lesi simo singatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula, futhi singelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele kuye ngembangela.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Kuyini Ukungalingani Kwe-Electrolyte?
Ugesi osetshenziswa yizinzwa zethu kanye nenhliziyo yethu ukuze usebenze uthwalwa ama-electrolyte afana ne-Sodium, i-Potassium, i-Calcium, kanye ne-Magnesium ancibilika egazini! Uma la mazinga ehla noma enyuka ngisho nange-milligram eyodwa, lonke uhlelo lomzimba lungawa, ubuchopho nenhliziyo kungayeka ukusebenza, futhi isiguli singawela e-coma/sife (Fatal Arrhythmias), isimo esibi kakhulu nesibulalayo.
💬 Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa usawoti/i-potassium/i-sodium ngokuzumayo emzimbeni (i-Electrolyte Imbalance)?
Eziyinhloko nezivame kakhulu yilezi: 1) Uhudo Olubi kanye Nokuhlanza Okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi wonke usawoti emzimbeni ulahleke kanye namanzi phakathi nosuku (ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni)! Futhi: 2) Ama-Diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi abangela ukuchama ngokweqile). 3) Ukwehluleka Kwezinso (ukwehluleka kwezinso) kubangela ukuthi umzimba ugcine ubuthi/usawoti esikhundleni sokuwuhlunga. 4) Ukushisa.
💬 Yiziphi izimpawu eziyingozi kakhulu zokungalingani kwama-electrolyte? Kufanele ugijimele nini kudokotela?
Uma umzimba untula usawoti, 1) Kuvela ukuqaqamba kwemisipha/ukushaqeka, futhi amalungu alahlekelwa amandla awo. 2) Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile/ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, okubangela ukuqina kwesifuba (uma kunezinkinga ze-potassium). 3) Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, kanye 'nokuquleka' okungazelelwe (uma kunezinkinga ze-sodium). Uma kuvela lezi zimpawu, kufanele uye e-ICU ngokushesha, njengoba inhliziyo ingase ime ngesikhathi esifushane!
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