Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engavamile? Noma mhlawumbe uke waphawula ukuthi ngisho nokusikeka okuncane kopha isikhathi eside, noma kuvela imihuzuko engaqondakali esikhumbeni sakho? Lezi zimpawu zingase zihlotshaniswe nesitho esibizwa ngokuthi i- spleen esisebenza ngokweqile . Ake sixoxe ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hypersplenism—ngamagama alula, okulula ukuwaqonda, njengabangane abaxoxayo.
Kuyini ngempela i-Hypersplenism?
Kalula nje, i-Hypersplenism yenzeka lapho i-spleen yakho isebenza kanzima *kakhulu*. Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-spleen ukusebenza njengesihlungi, ukususa amangqamuzana egazi amadala noma alimele ohlelweni lwakho. Kodwa-ke, uma iba nomdlandla ngokweqile , iqala ukususa amangqamuzana egazi anempilo ngokushesha kakhulu kunalokho okufanele. Lokhu kuholela ekushodeni kwamangqamuzana egazi, aziwa ngokuthi `(Cytopenia)`. Empeleni kuyinqubo yokuhlanza eye yasebenza ngokweqile, ngengozi ilahla okuhle kanye nokubi.
Lokhu kuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho?
Ngenxa ye-Hypersplenism, umzimba wakho ungase uzwe ukwehla kohlobo olulodwa noma zonke izinhlobo zamaseli egazi, okuholela ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- I-anemia : Lokhu kushoda kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi . Njengoba lawa mangqamuzana ethwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke, ukushoda kwawo kungakushiya uzizwa ukhathele njalo, ubanda, unesizungu, noma uphefumula kanzima . Cabanga ngakho njengomzimba wakho ophelelwa uphethiloli.
- I-Leukopenia: Lokhu kubhekisela ekushodeni kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Lawa maseli asebenza 'njengamasosha' omzimba wakho ekulweni nokutheleleka. Uma ephansi, ingozi yakho yokugula iyanda , futhi ungase uzithole uhlushwa umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ovamile.
- I-Thrombocytopenia: Lokhu ukwehla kwama-platelet, izakhi ezisiza ukujiya kwegazi lakho. Zibalulekile ekumiseni ukopha ngemva kokulimala. Ukuntuleka kusho ukuthi ngisho nokusikeka okuncane kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuyeka ukopha, ungase uvuvuke kalula, noma izinsini zakho zingase zophe ngokungalindelekile .
I-Hypersplenism ingahluka kusukela kwencane kuya kwembi kakhulu, futhi umthelela enanini lamaseli egazi lakho uyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Nakuba abanye bengase bangaziboni izimpawu ezibalulekile, kuyinkomba ebalulekile yempilo iyonke, ikakhulukazi uma ibangelwa yisimo sezokwelapha esicashile.
I-Hypersplenism ikhula kanjani?
I-Hypersplenism ivame ukubangelwa yi-spleen ekhuliswe ngendlela engavamile, noma `(Splenomegaly)`. Cabanga ngale ndlela: njengoba i-spleen ikhula, amandla ayo okugcina igazi ayanda. Ibamba inani elikhulu kunalelijwayelekile lamaseli egazi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngenkathi iwabamba, iyawahlunga ngamandla amakhulu, ekugcineni ibhubhise amaseli anempilo kule nqubo.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokwanda kwe-spleen okuholela ku-Hypersplenism zifaka:
- Izifo Zesibindi : Izimo ezifana ne-hepatitis engapheli noma i-cirrhosis zingandisa ingcindezi emithanjeni yegazi exhunywe esibindini kanye ne -spleen , isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Portal Hypertension)`. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-spleen ivuvuke.
- Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka ngegciwane (njenge-Mononucleosis noma i-HIV), ukutheleleka ngamagciwane (njenge-Tuberculosis noma i-Endocarditis), kanye nokutheleleka okubangelwa yizinambuzane (njenge-Malaria) kubeka ingcindezi enkulu ekusabeleni komzimba kwe-spleen, okuholela ekwandeni kwamaseli (`(Hyperplasia)`) kanye nokuvuvukala.
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo:Izimo ezifana ne-Lupus, i-Sarcoidosis, kanye ne-Rheumatoid Arthritis zigcina amasosha omzimba esebenza ngokweqile, okungabangela ukuthi ubende lukhule njengoba luzama ukuhambisana nokuvuvukala.
- Umdlavuza: Umdlavuza ohlobene negazi njenge-Leukemia, i-Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs), noma i-Lymphomas ungabangela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angene epheshaneni, okuholela ekukhuleni.
- Izinkinga zegazi: Izimo ezibangela ukuba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abhujiswe ngokushesha okukhulu, njenge-Hemolytic Anemia noma i-Neutropenia, zibeka umthwalo omkhulu phezu kwe-spleen, empeleni ziwuqeda ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile.
- Izinkinga ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa: Izifo ezifana ne-Niemann-Pick, isifo se-Gaucher, kanye ne-Sickle Cell Disease zingabangela ukuthi izinto ziqongelelane ebhodweni, okuholela ekukhuleni.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Hypersplenism?
Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ube ne-Hypersplenism ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, ungase uqaphele:
- Izimpawu zokwanda kobende:
- Umuzwa wobuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki esiswini sakho esingaphezulu kwesobunxele , ovame ukuchazwa njengomuzwa osindayo.
- Ungase uzizwe ubende uma ucindezela kuleyo ndawo, okuyinto engenakwenzeka uma isayizi evamile.
- Ubende obukhulu bungacindezela isisu sakho, kukwenze uzizwe usuthi ngemva kokudla okuncane kuphela , okungase kuholele ekunciphiseni isifiso sokudla.
- Izimpawu ze-Anemia: Ngoba izicubu azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele:
- Ungase ube nesiyezi, ubuthakathaka, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu ngisho nangemva kokuzikhandla okuncane ngokomzimba.
- Ungase uzizwe ubanda ngendlela engavamile noma uphathwe yikhanda elibuhlungu njalo .
- Isikhumba sakho singase sibukeke simhlophe , okuholela abanye ekubuzeni ukuthi uzizwa kahle yini.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, sicela uxhumane nochwepheshe wezempilo. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu obungazelelwe, obukhulu, funa izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo (911) ngokushesha.
Ihlolwa kanjani i-Hypersplenism?
Udokotela uzoqala ahlole ukuthi une-spleen ekhulisiwe (`(Splenomegaly)`) ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi azokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze alinganise inani lamaseli egazi lakho.
- Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba , udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukuzwa udende olukhulu. Bazocindezela kancane ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesobunxele lwesisu sakho ukuze bahlole lokhu.
- Ukuqinisekisa lokhu, kungenziwa i -ultrasound , evumela udokotela ukuthi alinganise ubukhulu obuqondile be-spleen yakho.
- I- Complete Blood Count (CBC) iyisivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu. Siveza ngqo ukuthi yimaphi amangqamuzana egazi (amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, noma ama-platelet) aphansi kanye nezinga lokwehla.
Iphathwa kanjani i-Hypersplenism?
I-Hypersplenism ivame ukuba umphumela wesibili noma uphawu lwesixwayiso sesimo sempilo esingaphansi. Uma leyo mbangela ingakatholakali noma ingakalashwanga, udokotela wakho uzoyixazulula kuqala. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi a-ode ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze athole imbangela eqondile. Uma isimo esingaphansi sesiphathwe ngempumelelo, umsebenzi wobende uvame ukubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
Ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwe-hypersplenism kuncike ebunzimeni bezimpawu zakho futhi kungafaka:
- Ukumpontshelwa igazi: Uma inani lamaseli akho egazi liphansi kakhulu, ungathola igazi elinikelwe ukuze libuyiselwe. Lokhu kungabandakanya amaseli abomvu egazi, ama-platelet, noma ezinye izingxenye uma kudingeka.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngemithamo ephansi noma i-Radiofrequency Ablation: Lezi zinqubo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqondisa nokunciphisa izicubu ezithile, njengezimila. Uma i-hypersplenism yakho inzima futhi ingenakuxazululwa ngokwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo sodwa, udokotela wakho angase asikisele lezi zindlela zokunciphisa i-spleen ekhulisiwe.
- Ukususwa kwe-spleen (ukuhlinzwa kokususwa kwe-spleen):Ezimweni ezingavamile nezinzima lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukususa ingxenye noma yonke i-spleen yakho. Nakuba ungaphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen, kuzokwenza buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho. Njengoba ubhekene nesimo sakho sempilo esiyisisekelo, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungase kube nezingozi eziningi kunezinzuzo, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile kugcinelwe njengesisombululo sokugcina. Uma wenza lokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imijovo ekhethekile yokukuvikela ezifweni ezivamile. Kwezinye izimo, ungase futhi unikezwe ama-antibiotic okuvimbela nsuku zonke.
Yini engingayilindela ngalesi simo?
I-Hypersplenism iyisimo esingelapheka, kodwa ukubikezela kwakho kuncike ngokuphelele embangela eyinhloko. Ezinye izimo zingezesikhashana (njengezifo ezithile), ezinye zingapheli (njenge-cirrhosis noma izifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba), kanti ezinye zingase ziqhubeke (njengezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza). Uma uhlangabezana ne-cytopenia (inani eliphansi lamaseli egazi) ngenxa ye-hypersplenism, ukumpontshelwa igazi kungasiza ekubuyiseleni amazinga akho. Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana eduze nethimba lakho lezokwelapha futhi ulandele ngokuqinile uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa oluqondene nawe.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Hypersplenism ne-Splenomegaly?
La magama avame ukudideka, ngakho ake sicacise:
- I-splenomegaly ibhekisela ngqo ekubeni udende lwakho lukhulu ngendlela engavamile.
- I-Hypersplenism ibhekisela ekutheni ubende okhuliswe ube matasa kakhulu futhi ususe amaseli egazi amaningi kakhulu ekujikelezeni kwegazi.
Kalula nje, i-hypersplenism ivame ukuba umphumela we-splenomegaly. Izinto eziningi zingabangela ukuthi i-spleen ikhule futhi isebenze ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, i-spleen ekhulisiwe ayihlali iholela ku-hypersplenism. Ngamanye amazwi: yonke i-spleen esebenza ngokweqile iyakhula, kodwa akuwona wonke i-spleen ekhulisiwe esebenza ngokweqile. Cabanga ngakho njengemoto esebenza kahle kakhulu; akuwona wonke umuntu onemoto enkulu oshayela ngokushesha, kodwa umuntu okhetha ukushayela ngokushesha cishe uyokhetha imoto enkulu, enamandla.
I-Hypersplenism ngokuyinhloko iwuphawu lwesinye isimo. Imbangela eyinhloko ingaba ngaphakathi kwe-spleen uqobo noma ivela kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Njengoba i-spleen yakho inesibopho sokugcina nokuhlunga igazi, izimo ezithinta yona zivame ukuhlotshaniswa negazi lakho noma uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ukwelapha i-hypersplenism ngokuvamile kusho ukwelapha isifo esiyisisekelo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kukodwa kwanele ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwe-splenic okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo sakho siqhubeka, ungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi ukuze ugcine inani lamaseli eliphilile, noma udokotela wakho anganquma ukwelapha i-spleen ngqo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Nawo Ekhaya
Sesixoxe kabanzi nge-hypersplenism. Nazi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:
- I-Hypersplenism yenzeka lapho i-spleen yakho isebenza ngokweqile futhi isusa amangqamuzana egazi amaningi (amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, noma ama-platelet) kunalokho okufanele.
- Imbangela eyinhloko yi-splenomegaly (ubende okhulisiwe) , okungabangelwa yisifo sesibindi, izifo, noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo.
- Uma uzizwa ukhathele njalo, ungenwa yizifo eziphindaphindayo, ukopha isikhathi eside ngenxa yokusikeka okuncane, ubuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu kwesobunxele, noma uzizwa ugcwele ngokushesha ngemva kokudla ngisho noma kuncane , kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ukwelashwa kugxile ekubhekaneni nembangela eyinhloko. Lokhu kungafaka ukumpontshelwa igazi, izinqubo zokunciphisa usayizi we-spleen, noma ukuhlinzwa (i-spleenectomy) njengenketho yokugcina.
- Lesi yisimo esingelapheka. Hlala uzolile futhi ulandele isiqondiso sikadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.
Khumbula, uma unalezi zimpawu, isinyathelo esingcono kakhulu sokubonana nodokotela eNirogi Lanka noma umhlinzeki wezokwelapha omthandayo. Bangenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwenza ukwelashwa kube lula futhi kuholele emiphumeleni engcono yezempilo.
