Ingabe udende lwakho lusebenza kanzima kakhulu? (Hypersplenism) Ake sifunde ngakho kalula!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele? Noma unenxeba elincane elingayeki ukuphuma kwegazi? Mhlawumbe unamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emzimbeni wakho? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabangelwa yi- spleen , isitho esincane ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu , esisebenza ngokweqile . Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi simo (i-Hypersplenism), njengokukhuluma nomngane.

Kuyini lokhu (i-Hypersplenism)?

Kalula nje, i-hypersplenism yilapho i-spleen yakho isebenza kanzima kakhulu. Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-spleen ukususa amaseli amadala, alimele egazini lethu. I-spleen isebenza njengomqoqi kadoti endlini yethu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lapho i-spleen iqala ukusebenza kanzima kakhulu , iqala ukususa amaseli egazi anempilo ngokushesha kunalokho okufanele. Yilapho umzimba wethu uhlangabezana nokuntuleka kwamaseli egazi, noma "i-Cytopenia". Kufana nokuthi izinto ezinhle zisuswa ngokushesha kakhulu.

Lesi simo sithinta kanjani umzimba wakho?

I-Hypersplenism ingabangela ukwehla kwezinye noma zonke izinhlobo zamaseli egazi emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezifana nalezi:

• I-anemia : Lokhu ukwehla kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi . Amangqamuzana abomvu yiwo athwala umoya-mpilo emizimbeni yethu yonke. Ngakho-ke uma ephansi, ungase uzizwe ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, uzizwe ubanda, ngezinye izikhathi uzizwe unesizungu, futhi ube nobunzima bokuphefumula . Kunjengokungathi umzimba wakho uphelelwa uphethiloli.
• I-Leukopenia: Lokhu ukwehla kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Amangqamuzana amhlophe afana 'namasosha' emizimbeni yethu alwa nezifo. Ngakho-ke uma amangqamuzana amhlophe ephansi, ingozi yokuthola izifo iyanda. Izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane zingenzeka kaningi.
• I-Thrombocytopenia: Lokhu ukwehla kwama-platelet. Ama-platelet asiza ukujiya kwegazi. Abalulekile ekumiseni ukopha, ngisho nasenxebeni elincane. Ngakho-ke uma ephansi , kungaba nzima ukuyeka ukopha, kungase kuvele imivimbo emzimbeni, futhi izinsini zingase zophe igazi .

Lesi simo (i-hypersplenism) singaba mnene kakhulu kwabanye abantu, futhi singaba sibi kakhulu kwabanye. Izinga lokuncipha kwamaseli egazi liyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase bangezwa miphumela ebalulekile futhi bangase bangadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ikakhulukazi uma lesi simo sivela nesinye isifo esibucayi esiyisisekelo, singaba yisici esibalulekile esithinta impilo yakho iyonke.

Kwenzeka kanjani i-hypersplenism?

I-Hypersplenism ivame ukubangelwa ukuthi i-spleen yakho iba nkulu ngendlela engavamile (`(Splenomegaly)`). Cabanga ngakho, njengoba i-spleen yakho iba nkulu, inani legazi elingabamba liyakhula. Bese, i-spleen ibamba amaseli egazi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Njengoba ibambelela kanje, ikhulisa nenani legazi elihlungayo, ekugcineni iqale nokususa amaseli anempilo amaningi kunalokho okufanele.

Nazi ezinye zezimbangela eziyinhloko zokwanda kobende (hypersplenism):

• Isifo sesibindi : Izimo ezithinta isibindi sakho, njenge-hepatitis engapheli noma i-cirrhosis, zingabangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu emithanjeni yegazi ethwala igazi esibindini nasesinqeni . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-portal hypertension. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ivolumu yegazi esinqeni ikhuphuke, okubangela ukuthi isinqe sivuvuke, noma sikhule.
• Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, njenge-mononucleosis (eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo sokuqabulana) kanye ne-HIV, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (njengesifo sofuba, i-endocarditis, ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwenhliziyo), kanye nokutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane (njenge-malaria, i-toxoplasmosis) kungabeka ingcindezi enkulu ohlelweni lokuzivikela lobende. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ubende ukhiqize ama-antibodies amaningi kanye namaseli omzimba kunalokho okudingayo. Lokhu kukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamaseli (hyperplasia) kungandisa ubukhulu bebende.
• Izifo zokuzivikela komzimba: Izimo zokuvuvukala zesikhathi eside njenge-lupus, i-sarcoidosis, kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis zingabangela ukuthi amasosha omzimba asebenze ngokweqile, okuholela ekukhiqizeni ngokweqile kwamangqamuzana e-spleen. Yilapho amasosha omzimba ethu ehlasela amangqamuzana ethu.
• Umdlavuza: Emidlavuzeni ehlobene negazi efana ne-leukemia noma i-myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) kanye nama-lymphomas, amangqamuzana omdlavuza angena embendeni bese eqala ukwanda lapho. Lokhu futhi kubangela ukuthi imbendeni ikhule.
• Izinkinga zegazi: Izimo ezibangela ukuba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abhujiswe ngokushesha, njenge-hemolytic anemia (lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ebhujiswa khona ngokushesha) kanye ne-neutropenia, kubeka umthwalo osindayo phezu kwe-spleen, okuyiyona ebangela ukuwasusa. Njengoba nje sikhathala lapho sisebenza kanzima kakhulu.
• Izinkinga ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa:Izimo ezibangela ukuba izinto ezahlukahlukene ziqongelelane egazini futhi zifakwe ezithweni zomzimba, njengesifo sikaNiemann-Pick, isifo sikaGaucher, kanye nesifo se-sickle cell, nazo zingathinta ubende, okubangela ukuba ukhule.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-(Hypersplenism)?

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungabi nazimpawu noma ngabe une-hypersplenism. Yileyo inkinga ngalokhu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zingabandakanya:

• Izimpawu zobende elikhulu:
• Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki esiswini sakho esingaphezulu kwesobunxele . Kwabanye, lokhu kungase kuzwakale sengathi kuyasinda.
• Ngezinye izikhathi ungawuzwa umpenge uma uwuthinta ngesandla sakho. Ngokuvamile, asiwuzwa umpenge kanjalo.
• Ngenxa yokuthi udende olukhulu lucindezela isisu ngaphansi kwalo, ungase uzizwe usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla ukudla okuncane . Lokhu kungaholela nasekulahlekelweni yisifiso sokudla.
• Izimpawu ze-Anemia: Njengoba sesixoxile kakade, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi yiwo athwala umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba wethu. Ngakho-ke uma enganele, izicubu zilahlekelwa umoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yalokho:
• Ungase uzizwe unesizungu, ubuthakathaka, futhi ukhathele (uzizwa ukhathele ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane).
• Ungase uzizwe ubanda futhi uphethwe yikhanda njalo .
• Isikhumba sakho singase sibukeke simhlophe . Abanye bangase babuke ubuso bakho bese bebuza, "Kungani umhlophe?"

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-hypersplenism?

Udokotela uzoqala ahlole ukuthi ngabe udende lwakho lukhulisiwe yini (`(Splenomegaly)`) futhi uzolinganisa nenani lamaseli egazini lakho.

• Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase azwe udende lwakho olukhuphukile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba . Udokotela uzozwa uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho.
• Kungenziwa i-ultrasound ukuqinisekisa lokhu. Lokhu kungalinganisa ngokunembile ubukhulu be-spleen.
• Ukuhlolwa kokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) kungasho ngqo ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamaseli (amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, ama-platelet) aphansi egazini lakho nokuthi aphansi kangakanani. Lesi yisilingo esibaluleke kakhulu.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Hypersplenism?

I-Hypersplenism ivame ukuba umphumela ongemuhle kanye nesibonakaliso sesinye isimo esibucayi kakhulu esingaphansi. Ngakho-ke, uma ungakatholakali unesimo esingaphansi noma ungakaqali ukwelashwa kwaso, udokotela wakho uzogxila kulokho kuqala. Udokotela wakho kuzodingeka futhi enze izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuze athole imbangela eqondile. Lapho imbangela engaphansi iselashwa, ukusebenza kwe-spleen kuvame ukubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hypersplenism kuncike ebunzimeni bayo. Kungafaka:

• Ukumpontshelwa igazi: Inani lakho eliphansi lamaseli egazi liyabuyiselwa ngegazi elinikelwe. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokunikeza amaseli abomvu uma amaseli akho abomvu ephansi, noma ama-platelet uma ama-platelet akho ephansi.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngemithamo ephansi noma i-radiofrequency ablation: Zombili lezi zindlela zisetshenziswa odokotela ukuqondisa nokubhubhisa izicubu emzimbeni, njengezimila ezinomdlavuza. Lezi zindlela zingasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-hypersplenism nokunciphisa i-spleen yakho ekhulisiwe ibuyele kusayizi wayo ojwayelekile. Udokotela wakho angancoma lokhu uma i-hypersplenism yakho inzima futhi isimo esiyisisekelo singenakwelashwa ukunciphisa i-spleen.
• Ukususwa kwe-spleen: Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukususa ingxenye noma yonke i-spleen yakho. Ungaphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen, kodwa kwenza buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho. Ngenxa yesimo sakho sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo, lokhu kungenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba kube kuhle. Ngakho-ke, i-splenectomy ivame ukwenziwa njengesisombululo sokugcina. Uma wenza lokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi uthole imijovo ekhethekile yokukuvikela ezifweni ezivamile. Kwezinye izimo, ungase futhi unikezwe ama-antibiotic okuvimbela ukuthi uwathathe nsuku zonke ngemva kokuba i-spleen yakho isusiwe.

Yini engingayilindela ngalesi simo?

I-Hypersplenism yisimo esingelapheka. Kodwa-ke, ukubikezela kwakho kuncike esimweni esiyisisekelo onaso. Ezinye izimo zingezesikhashana (isib., ezinye izifo), ezinye zingamahlalakhona (isib., i-cirrhosis, ezinye izifo ezizimele), kanti ezinye ziyathuthuka (isib., ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza). Uma i-hypersplenism ibangela ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi aphansi (isib., i-cytopenia), ukumpontshelwa igazi kungasiza ekubuyiseleni inani lamangqamuzana egazi lakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokucophelela.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-(Hypersplenism) kanye ne-(Splenomegaly)?

Kungaba nokudideka okuncane uma kukhulunywa ngalezi ezimbili, ngakho-ke ake sicacise nalokho.

• I-splenomegaly isho ukuthi i-spleen yakho inkulu ngendlela engavamile .
• I-Hypersplenism yilapho i-spleen ekhulisiwe iba matasa kakhulu futhi isuse amangqamuzana egazi amaningi kakhulu.

Kalula nje, i-Hypersplenism iwumphumela ongemuhle we-Splenomegaly. Izinto eziningi zingabangela ukuthi i-spleen ikhule futhi isebenze ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke,I-Hypersplenism ayihlali isenzeka ngoba i-spleen ikhulisiwe. Okusho ukuthi, akuwona wonke ama-spleen akhulisiwe akhulisiwe, kodwa akuwona wonke ama-spleen akhulisiwe akhulisiwe. Uyaqonda? Kufana nokuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onemoto enkulu oshayela ngokushesha, kodwa umuntu oshayela ngokushesha uvame ukukhetha imoto enkulu nenamandla kakhulu.

I-Hypersplenism empeleni iyisibonakaliso sesinye isimo sezokwelapha. Kungase kube nesifo esiku-spleen yakho uqobo, noma singase siqale kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Ngenxa yokuthi i-spleen yakho ihilelekile ekugcineni nasekuhlungeni igazi, izifo ezithinta yona zivame ukuhlotshaniswa negazi lakho noma imithambo yegazi.

Ukwelapha i-hypersplenism ngokuvamile kuhilela ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo. Ezimweni eziningi, i-spleen ngokwayo ingabuyiselwa ekusebenzeni okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo sakho siqhubeka, ungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi ukuze ubuyisele inani lamaseli egazi lakho, noma udokotela wakho angase anqume ukwelapha i-spleen yakho ngqo.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule kukho konke lokhu? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu nge-hypersplenism. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezilula okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-Hypersplenism yilapho ubande lwakho lusebenza ngokweqile futhi lususa amangqamuzana egazi amaningi (amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, ama-platelet) kunokudingekile.
• Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu udende olukhuphukile (`(Splenomegaly)`) . Udende olukhuphukile lungabangelwa izifo ezahlukahlukene eziyisisekelo njengesifo sesibindi, ukutheleleka, kanye nomdlavuza.
• Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala njalo, ukugula kalula, ukopha okuthatha isikhathi eside ukuyeka ngisho nasesilondeni esincane, ubuhlungu engxenyeni ephezulu kwesobunxele yesisu sakho, kanye nokuzizwa ugcwele ngisho nangemva kokudla ukudla okuncane, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
• I-Hypersplenism iphathwa ngokwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukumpontshelwa igazi, ukwelashwa kokunciphisa usayizi we-bell, noma, njengesisombululo sokugcina, ukususwa kwe-bell kungadingeka.
• Lesi yisimo esingelapheka. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukungesabi futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela.

Khumbula, uma unalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela ngaphandle kokwesaba. Bangakwazi ukwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo, bathole ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile, futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Uma usheshe utholakale ukuthi unalesi sifo, ukwelashwa kuzoba lula futhi umphumela uzoba ngcono.