Sonke sicabanga kakhulu ngesikhumba sethu nokuthi singasigcina kanjani sihle, akunjalo? Akukho esingakwenzi ukuze sisigcine sikhanya futhi sibushelelezi. Kodwa wake wacabanga ukuthi isikhumba sakho asisona nje isembozo, kodwa siyisihlangu esimangalisayo esivikela umzimba wethu wonke? Ngakho-ke, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu, ebonakalayo yalesi sihlangu esivikelayo yi-epidermis, esizokhuluma ngayo namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini i-epidermis?
Cabanga ngesikhumba sethu njengodonga olwakhiwe ngezingqimba ezintathu. Ingqimba ephezulu yalolu donga, ungqimba esilubonayo nesiluthintayo, ibizwa ngokuthi i-epidermis. Ngaphansi kwalo kunezinye izingqimba ezimbili eziyinhloko, i-dermis kanye ne-hypodermis.
I-epidermis yingqimba encane kunazo zonke zesikhumba. Kodwa into emangalisayo ukuthi, yileli ngqimba elincane elinomthwalo wokuvikela imizimba yethu ezweni langaphandle. Okumangalisa nakakhulu ukuthi ngaphakathi kwaleli ngqimba elincane, kunezinye izingqimba ezinhlanu ezincane! Kufana no-anyanisi onezingqimba eziningi.
Yiziphi lezo zingqimba ezincane ezi-5 ku-epidermis?
Manje ake sibheke izingqimba ezinhlanu ezakha lolu ngqimba oluyinhloko, i-epidermis. Lezi zihlelwe ngokulandelana kusukela phansi kuya phezulu.
| Igama Lesendlalelo | Okwenzekayo kumane nje |
|---|---|
| 1. Isisekelo se-Stratum (isitezi esingezansi) | Lena 'ifektri' lapho kwenziwa khona amangqamuzana esikhumba amasha. Amangqamuzana abizwa ngokuthi ama-keratinocyte akhiwa lapha futhi aqhubekela phezulu. Lawa maseli enza iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-keratin esiza ekwakheni izinwele zethu, izinzipho, kanye nongqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba sethu. Ama-Melanocyte , enza i-pigment melanin enikeza isikhumba sethu umbala wayo, nawo atholakala kulolu ngqimba. |
| 2. I-Stratum spinosum | Yilapho amaseli e-keratinocyte enamathelana khona futhi ahlanganiswa ndawonye. Yilokhu okunikeza isikhumba sethu amandla nokuguquguquka kwaso. Lolu ngqimba lusiza ukuvimbela isikhumba ukuthi singadabuki lapho seluliwe noma sishukunyiswa. |
| 3. I-Stratum granulosum (i-Stratum granulosum) | Uma sifika kulesi sigaba, amangqamuzana aqala ukufa, isimo sawo siba sicaba, futhi yilapho aqala khona ukwakha umgoqo wamafutha ovimbela amanzi ukungena esikhumbeni. |
| 4. I-Stratum lucidum | Lolu ungqimba olukhethekile kakhulu. Alutholakali kuwo wonke umzimba wethu. Lutholakala kuphela ezindaweni lapho sisebenzisa khona isikhumba sethu esiningi, lapho kunesikhumba esikhulu khona. Isibonelo, ezintendeni zezandla zethu nasematheni ezinyawo zethu . Lolu ungqimba olubonakalayo olunikeza isivikelo esengeziwe. |
| 5. I-Stratum corneum (Isitezi esiphezulu) | Lena yingxenye yesikhumba esiyibonayo nesiyithintayo, ingxenye esiyibiza ngokuthi isikhumba sethu. Yakhiwe ngokuphelele ngamaseli e-keratin afile, ayisicaba. Lesi yisivikelo sethu sangempela. Yilolu ngqimba olusivikela ekuklwebhekeni, elangeni, ekushiseni, kanye namagciwane. Lawa maseli afile ayawa kancane kancane, bese kuvela amaseli amasha ngaphansi ukuze agcwalise izikhala. |
Kalula nje, isikhumba sethu sihlala sizivuselela. Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe inyanga ukuthi iseli elisha lakheke ongqimbeni olungezansi (i-Stratum basale) bese likhishwa ongqimbeni oluphezulu (i-Stratum corneum).
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-epidermis ne-dermis?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, i-epidermis iyingqimba ephezulu, kanti i-dermis iyingqimba ephakathi ngaphansi. Kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
| Isici | I-Epidermis | I-Dermis |
|---|---|---|
| Indawo | Ingqimba engaphandle yesikhumba. | Ingqimba ephakathi ngaphansi kwesikhumba. |
| Ubukhulu | Ingqimba yesikhumba encane kunazo zonke. (isb., encane njengeqabunga eliso) | Ingqimba yesikhumba ebanzi kakhulu. |
| Okuqukethwe ngaphakathi | Ngokuyinhloko amaseli afana nama-keratinocyte nama-melanocyte. Awekho imithambo yegazi. | Imithambo yegazi, iziphetho zemizwa, izindlala zokujuluka, izindlala ezikhiqiza uwoyela, kanye nezimbotshana zezinwele konke kulapha. |
Yiziphi izinsizakalo eziyinhloko ezinikezwa yi-epidermis emizimbeni yethu?
Insizakalo lolu ngqimba oluncane noluncane oluyinikezayo emzimbeni wethu ayiyona into encane.
- Ukumanzisa: Ungqimba oluphezulu (i-stratum corneum) lwesikhumba sethu luvimbela amanzi ekuhwamukeni futhi lugcina umswakama esikhumbeni.
- Ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana esikhumba amasha: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, amangqamuzana amasha akheka ongqimbeni olungezansi lwesikhumba ahlala evuselela isikhumba ngokususa amangqamuzana amadala, afile.
- Isivikelo: Lona umsebenzi oyinhloko. Njengesivikelo, sivimbela amagciwane (amagciwane, amagciwane), amakhemikhali, kanye nemisebe ye-UV eyingozi ukuthi ingangeni emizimbeni yethu.
- Umbala wesikhumba: I-Melanin, i-pigment ekhiqizwa amangqamuzana e-melanocyte, inikeza isikhumba sethu, izinwele, namehlo umbala wazo.
Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta i-epidermis?
Nakuba siyisivikelo sethu, i-epidermis ngezinye izikhathi ingathinteka yizimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zalezi zinto ozazi kahle.
- Induna
- Amathumba
- I-Dandruff
- I-Eczema
- Umdlavuza wesikhumba njenge-melanoma
Uma unezimpawu ezifana namabala amasha esikhumbeni sakho ashintsha umbala noma ukuma, isikhumba esomile, esiqhekekile, noma isikhumba esiqhekekayo, kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko .
Izinto esingazenza ukuze sigcine isikhumba sethu siphilile futhi sihle
Kufanele futhi sinakekele lo mvikeli wethu oyigugu, akunjalo? Nazi ezinye izeluleko ezilula zalokho.
- Yakha imikhuba emihle yokunakekela isikhumba:Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba. Sebenzisa insipho ethambile, engahlabi uma ugeza umzimba wakho.
- Indlela yokomisa umzimba wakho: Kungcono ukuphulula umzimba wakho kancane ngethawula, kunokuwuhlikihla ngamandla.
- Sebenzisa i-moisturizer: Ukufaka i-moisturizer ngenkathi isikhumba sakho sisamanzi ngemva kokugeza kuzosiza ukuvala umswakama. Kungcono ukuyisebenzisa kabili noma kathathu ngosuku.
- Ungagezi ngamanzi ashisayo: Ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo kungasusa amafutha emvelo esikhumbeni bese kusomisa. Sebenzisa amanzi afudumele esikhundleni salokho.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Phuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-8 ngosuku. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina isikhumba sakho simanzi ngaphakathi.
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco: Faka ukudla okucebile ngama-antioxidants, njengezithelo, imifino, imifino eluhlaza, kanye nenhlanzi ecebile nge-Omega-3.
- Zivikele elangeni: Sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga okungenani esine-SPF 30 noma nini lapho uphuma, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunelanga noma cha. Lena yinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvikela isikhumba sakho.
- Gwema ukuklwebha isikhumba sakho: Uma unesifo sokulunywa noma ukungezwani komzimba noma kuphi esikhumbeni sakho, ukuklwebha kungenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Uma kudingeka, bona udokotela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-epidermis iwungqimba oluphezulu noluncane lwesikhumba sethu olusivikela ezweni langaphandle.
- Ngaphakathi kwalolu ngqimba oluncane, kunezinye izingqimba ezinhlanu ezincane, ngasinye sazo esenza imisebenzi ehlukene.
- Imisebenzi eyinhloko yesikhumba ukuvikela imizimba yethu, ukugcina umswakama, ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana amasha, nokunikeza isikhumba umbala.
- Ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, nokusebenzisa njalo isivikelo selanga, ungagcina le ngxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesikhumba sakho iphilile.
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