Ingabe imithi nje ethinta impilo yakho? Ake sifunde ngezici zomphakathi? (Izici Zempilo Zomphakathi - SDOH)

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani abanye abantu benempilo engcono kunabanye? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi uma sithatha imithi emihle futhi sibona udokotela, singazigwema izifo. Kodwa empeleni, kunezinye izinto eziningi ezithinta impilo yethu, esingase singazinaki kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi yi-Social Determinants of Health (SDOH).

Yiziphi lezi zinto ezibangela impilo yomphakathi (SDOH)?

Kalula nje, yile ndlela izici zakho zomuntu siqu, zenhlalo, kanye nezemvelo ezithinta ngayo impilo yakho kanye nenhlalakahle yakho. Lezi yizici ezingezona ezezokwelapha. Lokho kusho izinto ezifana nomholo wakho, izinga lakho lemfundo, uhlobo lwekhaya ohlala kulo, kanye nezinsiza umndeni wakho obanzi onazo. Ungase ungafuni ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zinto ngoba awucabangi ukuthi zihlobene nempilo yakho.

Kodwa, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi lezi zinto ezibangela impilo (SDOH) azihlobene nje nempilo yakho, empeleni zinganquma impilo yakho. Okusho ukuthi, zithinta ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezithile, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okutholayo, kanye nokuthi uzizwa kahle kangakanani usuku nosuku.

Cabanga nje, uma unemali engenayo eqhubekayo, umsebenzi omuhle, ungakwazi ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, uthole ukuhlolwa kwempilo njalo. Uma unemoto, kulula ukuya kudokotela, futhi uthole imithi ekhemisi.

Kodwa-ke, kumuntu osebenza ngaphandle kwamaholide akhokhelwayo, noma ohlala endaweni ekude engenazo izinto zokuhamba ezifanele eziya esitolo, amathuba okudla izithelo nemifino enempilo nokubona udokotela njalo mancane kakhulu, akunjalo?

Yiziphi izibonelo zalezi zici zomphakathi (SDOH)?

Nazi ezinye zezibonelo zezinto ezibangela impilo emphakathini (SDOH):

• Izinga lakho lemali engenayo .
• Izinga lakho lemfundo .
• Umsebenzi wakho kanye nezinzuzo eziwunikezayo - isibonelo, umshwalense wezempilo, iholide elikhokhelwayo.
• Izinsiza endaweni yakini – izinto ezifana nezindawo zokudla okunomsoco, ezokuthutha zomphakathi, kanye nezikhungo zokunakekela izingane.
• Ukuphepha nokuvikeleka okuzwayo endaweni yakini .
• Ukufinyelela izinsizakalo zezokwelapha .
• Ikhwalithi yomoya owuphefumulayo namanzi owaphuzayo .
• Oxhumana nabo nabantu kanye nabantu osebenza nabo .

Lezi yizibonelo ezimbalwa nje. Lezi zinto ezibangela impilo emphakathini (SDOH) zikuyo yonke indawo ohlala kuyo, osebenza kuyo, futhi ochitha isikhathi kuyo. Abacwaningi bazihlukanise ngezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko ukuze ziqondwe ngokucacile. Ngokusho koMnyango Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu wase-US, lezi zigaba ezinhlanu yilezi:

1. Ukuzinza komnotho: Izinkinga ezihlobene nokuthi uthola malini nokuthi leyo mali engenayo ingahlangabezana yini nezidingo zempilo zomndeni wakho nezinye izidingo.

2.Ukufinyelela imfundo kanye nekhwalithi: Izinkinga ezihlobene nemfundo oyitholayo nokuthi ihlangabezana kahle kangakanani nezidingo zakho zokufunda. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izidingo zokufunda ezihlobene nendlela ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo.

3. Ukufinyelela kwezempilo kanye nekhwalithi: Izinkinga ezihlobene nezinsizakalo zezokwelapha ozitholayo kanye nezinga ezihlangabezana ngalo nezidingo zakho zempilo yomzimba neyengqondo.

4. Indawo yokuhlala kanye nendawo eyakhiwe kuyo: Izinkinga ezihlobene nendawo ohlala kuyo, okungukuthi, idolobhana lakho noma idolobha, nokuthi izinsiza ezilapho zisiza kanjani ngempilo yakho kanye nokuphepha kwakho.

5. Umongo wezenhlalo nomphakathi: Izindaba ezihlobene nobudlelwano bakho nomndeni wakho, abangane, osebenza nabo, kanye nabanye emphakathini.

Cabanga ngakho, zonke lezi zici ziyaxhumana futhi ziyathintana. Isibonelo, ubumpofu buthinta zonke izici zokuphila kwakho - kusukela kulokho okudlayo, kuya lapho uhlala khona, kuya ezintweni ongakwazi ukuzifinyelela. Uma unezingane, ukungakwazi ukufinyelela ukunakekelwa kwezingane okungabizi kungaba yisithiyo ekufikeni emsebenzini. Kungaba nzima ukufika esitolo noma ukubona udokotela endaweni engenazo izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi noma izindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo.

Kalula nje, izinto ezibangela impilo yomphakathi (SDOH) azikho zodwa – ngisho nesithiyo esisodwa noma ezimbili zingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho nasempilweni yakho.

Ngakho-ke, konke lokhu kukutshelani? Wazi kanjani ukuthi yiziphi izici zempilo zomphakathi (SDOH) ezithinta impilo yakho? Cabanga ngemibuzo engezansi - ihlelwe ezindaweni ezinhlanu eziyinhloko okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili. Kufanele ukwazi ukuphendula “yebo” kuyo yonke le mibuzo. Bhala phansi imibuzo ongayiphendula ngokuthi “cha”. Lezi yizihloko ongase ufune ukuzixoxa nomngane, umeluleki, noma udokotela.

1. Cabanga ngokuzinza komnotho

• Unayo imali eyanele yokuthenga ukudla okunempilo?
• Ungakwazi yini ukukhokhela ukwelashwa, ukubona udokotela, nokuthenga imithi?
• Unayo imali eyanele yokunakekela ikhaya lakho nokukhokha irenti?
• Unayo imali yokukhokha ezinye izikweletu ezifana nogesi namanzi?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuthola indawo yokunakekela izingane engabizi?
• Ucabanga ukuthi umsebenzi wakho uzinzile ?
• Ingabe indawo yakho yokusebenza inikeza umshwalense wezempilo ?
• Ingabe indawo yakho yokusebenza inikeza isikhathi sokuphumula esikhokhelwayo noma ikhefu lokugula ?
• Uma ungasebenzi, ungajoyina izinhlelo ezikusiza ekutholeni umsebenzi?
• Ingabe unalo ithuba lokuthola iseluleko somsebenzi?

2. Cabanga ngokufinyelela kwezemfundo kanye nekhwalithi

Uma ucabanga ngalesi sigaba, kungaba usizo kakhulu ukucabanga ngezinsiza ingane yakho enazo (zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo), kodwa ungacabanga nangolwazi lwakho lwezemfundo lwangaphambilini noma lwamanje.

• Ingabe ingane yakho inethuba lokuthola imfundo yesikole esezingeni eliphezulu ?
• Ungacabanga ukuthi ingane yakho izofunda kuze kufike ezingeni lika-A ?
• Ingabe zikhona izinsiza zokusiza ngezidingo zokufunda ezikhethekile zengane yakho - isibonelo, ukukhubazeka kokufunda noma ukukhubazeka kwengqondo?
• Ingabe umndeni wakho unayo imali yokuthumela ingane yakho eyunivesithi noma esikoleni sokuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi?
• Ingabe ingane yakho inobungane obuhle nezinye izingane esikoleni?

3. Cabanga ngokufinyelela kwezempilo kanye nekhwalithi

• Unayo yini inshuwalense yezempilo ?
• Ingabe unomshwalense ohlukile wemithi kadokotela?
• Ingabe unayo inshuwalense yamazinyo?
• Ingabe unaye udokotela womndeni (`umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko`) oya kuye njalo?
• Uyaqonda ukuthi udokotela wakho uthini ?
• Ingabe uzizwa ukhululekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuthola nokuqonda ulwazi oluhlobene nempilo?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuthola amarekhodi akho ezokwelapha?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuthola ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela izifo ezifana nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) kanye nomdlavuza?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuthola ukwelashwa okudingayo ngezifo zakho?
• Ingabe unayo indlela yokufika kudokotela (isib. imoto, izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi)?

4. Cabanga ngomakhelwane kanye nendawo eyakhiwe kuyo

• Ungakwazi yini ukufinyelela kalula esitolo sokudla esigcwele ukudla?
• Ungaya emakethe yasemakhaya noma kwenye indawo ukuyothenga izithelo nemifino emisha?
• Unayo i-inthanethi ?
• Uzizwa uphephile ekhaya lakho ?
• Uzizwa uphephile yini endaweni yakini ?
• Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo endaweni yakini?
• Ingabe kunemizila yebhayisikili ehlukile yokugibela ibhayisikili?
• Ingabe amanzi akho ompompi aqukethe i-fluoride?
• Ingabe inkokhelo yakho yerenti/yemali mboleko yendlu ingabizi ? (Intengo engabizi isho ukuthi akukho ngaphezu kwama-30% wemali engenayo yakho.)
• Ingabe ikhaya lakho alinazo izinto ezinobuthi ezifana nomthofu?
• Usendleleni.Ingabe izinga lomsindo liphansi kakhulu ukuba ungalala?
• Ingabe isakhiwo sakho sinezindawo ezikusiza ukuthi uhambe kancane (isib., izindawo zokuma noma ama-lifti esihlalo sabakhubazekile)?

5. Cabanga ngesimo senhlalo kanye nomphakathi

• Ingabe unomndeni kanye/noma abangane abakukhuthazayo nabakusizayo ?
• Ingabe uyingxenye yeqembu lomphakathi, njengethempeli, iqembu lokuzithandela, noma iqembu labahamba ngezintaba?
• Unaye umuntu ongakhuluma naye uma udangele noma usenkingeni ?
• Ingabe ukhona ongakusiza ngezidingo eziyisisekelo ngesikhathi usalulama esibhedlela noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
• Ingabe unazo izinsiza zokunakekela izingane zakho noma abanye abantu abathembele kuwe?
• Ingabe uzizwa wamukelekile emsebenzini wakho ?
• Uzizwa wamukelekile endaweni yakini ?
• Ingabe uzizwa uxhumene nabanye kaningi kunokuba uzizwa unesizungu ?

Kungani lezi zinto ezibangela impilo yomphakathi (SDOH) zibaluleke kangaka?

Lezi zici zenhlalo (SDOH) zibalulekile ngoba zingandisa noma zinciphise ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngale ndlela, zingathinta nobude besikhathi sokuphila kwakho. Lezi zici zenhlalo zinamandla amakhulu ngoba zithinta indlela izakhi zofuzo zakho ezisebenza ngayo kanye nezinqumo ozenzayo nsuku zonke. Ake sibheke lokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Izici zomphakathi (SDOH) kanye nezakhi zofuzo zakho

Izakhi zakho zofuzo zingathinta ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo. Isibonelo, ungase uthole ifa lokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo - njengokwehluka kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 noma ze-BRCA2 - okwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo esifana nomdlavuza. Noma ungase ube namathuba amaningi okuthola isifo senhliziyo ngoba umndeni wakho unomlando wesifo senhliziyo.

Kodwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa kumane nje kuyicala elilodwa lendaba. Abacwaningi emkhakheni we- "Epigenetics" basathola ukuthi indawo ohlala kuyo ithinta kanjani indlela izakhi zofuzo zakho ezisebenza ngayo. Sibona ukuthi konke kusukela endleleni owakhuliswa ngayo useyingane kuya ekhwalithini yomoya owuphefumulayo kungavula ezinye izakhi zofuzo futhi kuvimbele ezinye.

Lezi zinguquko ze-"epigenetic" azifani "nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo" - ukulandelana kwe-"DNA" yakho kuyafana. Kodwa izakhi zofuzo zakho azisebenzi kahle. Kufana nokuthi kukhona isibani esibanini kodwa akekho ozosivula.

Izakhi zofuzo ezivulwa noma ezivalwa ngesikhathi esifanele zingabangela zonke izinhlobo zezinguquko eziyingozi emzimbeni wakho. Amathumba ayisibonelo esisodwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinto ezibangela impilo yomphakathi (SDOH), njengokuxhumana nabantu kanye nobuthi bemvelo, zingathinta izakhi zofuzo zakho - ngisho nezingxenye zakho esasicabanga ukuthi ngeke zishintshe.

Izici zomphakathi (SDOH) kanye nokukhetha kwakho

Ngaphezu kwezakhi zofuzo zakho, izinqumo ozenzayo zithinta nengozi yakho yokuthola izifo. Awukwazi ukushintsha izici eziyingozi ozizuza njengefa. Kodwa ukwazi ukuthi usengozini kungakusiza wenze izinqumo, njengokuhlolwa komdlavuza, ukulandela ukudla kwaseMedithera, noma ukuhlolwa umfutho wegazi njalo. Ukwenza lezi zinto kungakusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezithile noma kwandise amathuba akho okuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha futhi kube ngcono.

Kodwa ingabe ukukhetha kusezandleni zakho ngempela? Esikhathini esiningi, akunjalo. Kungase kube nezithiyo endleleni yakho, njengokuntuleka kwezinto zokuhamba ukuze ubonane nodokotela, ukuntuleka kwemali yokuthenga ukudla okunomsoco. Awukwazi ukwenza konke "ngokuzimisela" wedwa.

Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi wonke umuntu abe nokufinyelela ezinsizeni ezisezingeni eliphezulu namathuba okubasiza ukuthi baphathe impilo yabo. Asikafiki lapho, kodwa ukuhlonza i-SDOH yakho kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibheke kulowo mgomo. Odokotela basebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuhlola ukuthola ukuthi la ma-SDOH akuthinta kanjani nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze usize.

Iyini le "ndlela yokuhlaziya impilo" ethinta umphakathi?

Lezi yizinto ezifana 'nezinhlolovo noma imibuzo' ozigcwalisayo ngaphambi kokuthi ubonane nodokotela. Isibonelo, ungagcwalisa 'ifomu ledijithali' ngaphambi kokuthi ubonane nodokotela womndeni wakho. Leli fomu likubuza ngezici ezahlukahlukene zempilo yakho - njengekhaya lakho, ubudlelwano, nokuthi uthola kanjani ukudla neziphuzo. Imibuzo ingase ifane nemibuzo esekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko. Ungakhuluma ngezimpendulo zakho lapho ubonana nodokotela wakho.

Uma ukhuluma kakhulu ngezinto ezikukhathazayo, kulapho udokotela wakho ezokwazi ukukusiza khona. Bangase bakwazi ukukhuluma ngezixazululo zezinkinga zakho noma bakuxhume nezinsiza zomphakathi. Kungase kube nokuthile empilweni yakho okungakhulunywa ngakho kuleli fomu. Uma kunjalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho uma umbona. Uma udokotela engakwazi ukukusiza ngenkinga ethile, uzokudlulisela kothile ongakusiza.

Izinto ezibangela impilo yomphakathi (SDOH) ziqala ukukuthinta kusukela ngesikhathi uzalwa, futhi ziyaqhubeka nokubumba impilo yakho njengoba ukhula. Ezinye izinto zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi ubunemali engenayo eqhubekayo isikhashana bese ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wakho ngokuzumayo. Noma, ungase uthuthe endaweni enemizila emihle yamabhasi kanye nezindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo uye endaweni engaphephile lapho ungakwazi ukuhamba khona ngaphandle kwemoto - futhi ungase ungakwazi ngisho nokukhokhela. Izinto ezisize impilo yakho esikhathini esidlule zingase ziqale ukuyilimaza ngokuzumayo.

Kodwa izinto zingahamba ngenye indlela. Ungahlala iminyaka eminingi ungenawo umshwalense wezempilo noma iholide elikhokhelwayo, bese uthola umsebenzi okunikeza kokubili - futhi ekugcineni ungathuthela endlini emgwaqweni othule lapho ungalala khona kahle. Impilo iyindawo eshintshayo, futhi izici ezithinta impilo yakho azishintshi.

Lokho kusho ukuthi izithiyo obhekene nazo manje akudingeki zibe khona unomphela. Uma ungenazo izinsiza zokusiza ngempilo yakho, khuluma nodokotela noma uxhumane neqembu lomphakathi - njengesonto noma inhlangano engenzi nzuzo - abangakunikeza iseluleko nokusekela, futhi bakuthumele kwabanye abangakusiza.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ngakho-ke, kusukela kulokho esikhulume ngakho, cishe uyaqonda ukuthi impilo yethu ingaphezu nje kokuthatha imithi yokwelapha isifo.

• Indawo okuyo ibalulekile: Izinto eziningi, njengendlela ophila ngayo, imali engenayo, imfundo, ubudlelwano nomakhelwane bakho, kanye nezinto ozidingayo, zithinta impilo yakho ngqo.
• Akusikho konke okusezandleni zakho: Ngezinye izikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sifuna kangakanani ukulandela imikhuba emihle yezempilo, kungaba nzima ukwenza kanjalo ngenxa yezinto zangaphandle ezingaphezu kwamandla ethu.
• Ungesabi ukucela usizo: Uma unemibuzo efana nale, khuluma nodokotela, ilungu lomndeni, noma umngane. Kunezindawo lapho ungathola khona usizo.
• Ungenza umehluko: Isimo sakho akudingeki sihlale sinjalo unomphela. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane zingaba nemiphumela emikhulu.

Ungakhohlwa, impilo yakho iyimpahla yakho eyigugu kakhulu. Zama ukuyivikela ngazo zonke izindlela ongazisebenzisa. Ukuqaphela lezi zinto ezibangela impilo (SDOH) kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile kulolo hambo!

Impilo , izici zomphakathi, umnotho, imfundo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, imvelo, izakhi zofuzo, impilo enhle, indlela yokuphila