Ingabe i-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo yakho ikhulisiwe? (Ukwandiswa kwe-Atrial Yesobunxele) Ake sithole ngalokhu!

Wake wezwa ngezingxenye zenhliziyo ezikhula kancane? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile into efana naleyo. Lesi yisimo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Left Atrial Enlargement. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngokuthi siyini, kungani senzeka, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngakho.

Kuyini Ukwandiswa Kwe-Atrial Yesobunxele?

Kalula nje, Ukwandiswa Kwe-Atrial Yesobunxele kwenzeka lapho elinye lamakamelo enhliziyweni yakho, i-atrium yesobunxele, liba likhulu kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu akwenzeki konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, kwenzeka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kufana nalapho amanzi evuza odongeni endlini yethu, kancane kancane ayavuvukala.

Cabanga nje ukuthi inhliziyo yethu ifana nendlu encane enamakamelo amane. Kunamakamelo amabili esitezi esiphezulu (i-atria) namakamelo amabili esitezi esingezansi (ama-ventricles). Igumbi elingaphezulu kwesobunxele libizwa ngokuthi i-atrium yesobunxele . Igazi elicebile ngomoya-mpilo elivela emaphashini liqala lingene kule atrium yesobunxele. Bese lelo gazi liya e-ventricle yesobunxele, lapho liphampulwa khona liye emzimbeni wonke.

Manje, uma kunenkinga kwezinye izingxenye zenhliziyo, isibonelo, uma kunomfutho wegazi ophezulu , noma uma kunenkinga ngama-valve enhliziyo (ikakhulukazi i-valve ye-mitral ephakathi kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele kanye ne-ventricle yangakwesobunxele), kungaba nomfutho omningi ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele. Noma igazi eliningi kakhulu lingaqongelela lapho.

Kufana nomfowabo omdala emndenini oya ukusiza abanye futhi agcine esenkingeni ngokwakhe ngokuphakamisa isisindo esiningi kakhulu. I-atrium yangakwesobunxele iyanwebeka kancane kancane futhi ikhule njengoba izama ukuzivumelanisa nokubhekana nalokhu kucindezela okwandayo. Lokhu kwelula kungalimaza izindonga ze-atrium futhi kubangele izibazi.

Ngubani othinta kakhulu lesi simo? (Ubani othinta kakhulu?)

Nakuba noma ubani angaba nalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukwanda kwe-left atrial, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi bangobani:

• Kulabo abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme . Sonke siyazi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuthi "umfutho wegazi ophakeme".
• Kulabo abanesifo se-mitral valve . Lesi yi-valve ebalulekile ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.
• Kulabo abanesifo se-aortic valve . Lena yi-valve exhumanisa umthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi lisuka kwi-ventricle yesobunxele liye emzimbeni.
• Kubantu abanesifo semithambo yenhliziyo . Lena yimithambo ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni uqobo.
• Kubantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zesifo semisipha yenhliziyo (i-Cardiomyopathy) .
• Kubantu abanesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-diastolic dysfunction . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amakamelo enhliziyo engavuli kahle futhi engagcwali igazi.
• I-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesobunxele(Ukwandiswa kwegumbi elingezansi kwesobunxele lenhliziyo).
• Kulabo abanesifo senhliziyo abazalwa naso .

Ucwaningo olwenziwe e-Italy luthole ukuthi esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyi-10, cishe abantu abadala abayi-12% baba nalesi simo sokukhuliswa kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuyona into engavamile kangako. Kulolo cwaningo, abantu abathinteke kakhulu yilabo abaseminyakeni yabo yama-40 nama-50.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Nansi into ebalulekile. Azikho izimpawu ezithile zokukhula kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele. Kodwa-ke, ungase ube nezimpawu zesimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukuquleka
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo - Ukuzwa sengathi izigubhu zishaya ngaphakathi esifubeni.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo ngokuzumayo
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula - Ukuzizwa sengathi uzophelelwa amandla ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane.
• Ukuvuvukala ezingalweni noma emilenzeni yakho

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhulisa i-atrial kwesobunxele kungabangela ukungalingani kwesigqi senhliziyo, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo. Lezi zimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (i-palpitations)
• Isifuba siyanyakaza
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuquleka

Yiziphi izimbangela zokwanda kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele? (Yini ebangela i-LAE?)

Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona zalokhu. Ezinye zizalwa nazo, kanti ezinye zikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimbangela eziyinhloko:

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme - Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu.
• I-Aortic valve stenosis - Uma le valve ingavuli kahle, kuba nzima ukuthi igazi ligeleze phambili.
• I-Mitral valve stenosis - Lokhu kwenza kube nzima nokuthi igazi ligeleze lisuka ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele liye ku-ventricle yangakwesobunxele.
• Ukubuyiselwa kwevalvu ye-Mitral - Ivalvu ayivali kahle, okubangela ukuba igazi libuyele e-atrium.
• Ukuba nenqwaba noma isimila ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele.
• I-Arteriovenous fistula - Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi ligeleza ngqo lisuka emithanjeni liye emithanjeni, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imigudu emincane ephakathi nendawo (ama-capillaries).
• Inhliziyo yomdlali - Ubukhulu benhliziyo yalabo abaziqeqesha kanzima njalo bungaba bukhulu kancane kunokuvamile.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-diastolic ye-ventricle yesobunxele.
• Ukwehluleka kwe-ventricle yesobunxele .
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo:
• Imbobo phakathi kwama-ventricles (i-Ventricular septal defect - VSD)
• I-Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) - Lokhu futhi kuyinkinga yomgudu wenhliziyo ozalwa nawo.

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko udokotela wakho angakusebenzisa ukuthola lesi simo yi- ECG (electrocardiogram) . Sonke siyazi ukuthi iyini i-ECG.

Isibonakaliso esihlukile sokukhula kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele ku-ECG "igagasi le-P" elide ngokungavamile. Leli gagasi le-P libonisa ukufinyela kwe-atrium ezimbili zenhliziyo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-millisecond angu-120. Uma lilingana noma likhulu kunalokho, kusolwa ukuthi i-atrium yangakwesobunxele ingase ikhuliswe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izivivinyo zokuqinisekisa lesi simo:

• I-Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) - Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-Echo scan". Lokhu kusenza sikwazi ukubona ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo.
• I-cardiac CT scan `(I-cardiac CT - i-computed tomography)`
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI yenhliziyo

Iphathwa kanjani?

Nakhu okufanele ukuqonde. Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kokukhulisa i-atrium yangakwesobunxele. Futhi, uma lesi simo sesikhona isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, kunzima ukusibuyisela emuva.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Odokotela belapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu. Ukwelapha imbangela kungavimba i-atrium yangakwesobunxele ukuthi ingabi nkulu.

Lokhu okulandelayo kungenziwa njengokwelashwa:

• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Yeka ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ukudla ukudla okunosawoti omncane.
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Ukuthatha imithi yokulawula umfutho wegazi.
• Ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo zokulungisa izinkinga ngama-valve enhliziyo .
• Ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa izimpawu ezibangelwa izinkinga ze-valve.
• Ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant) ukuvimbela isifo sohlangothi .
• Ukuthatha imithi yokwelapha ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana .

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa? (Izinkinga/imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?)

Izinguquko ezinhle ozenzayo endleleni yakho yokuphila (ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla kahle) zizokwenza okuhle, hhayi okubi. Kodwa-ke, imithi oyiphuzayo ingaba nemiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona yemithi ethathwa ukwelapha imbangela yokwanda kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele:

• Isiyezi
• Ukuquleka
• Amazinga e-electrolyte angajwayelekile emzimbeni

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kunengozi yokopha noma ukutheleleka. Ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kwevalvu kungaba nezingozi ezilandelayo:

• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile

Ezinye zalezi zinkinga zingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila. Yingakho udinga ukuxoxa ngakho konke lokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama? (Isikhathi sokululama?)

Uma ulungiswa noma ushintshwa ivalvu, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto. Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa, kungathatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ukululama ngokuphelele.

Ngingakuvimbela yini ukwandiswa kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele? (Ngingayivimbela kanjani i-LAE?)

Yebo, kungenzeka kakhulu! Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugcina inhliziyo yakho iphilile futhi uzivikele ezifweni zenhliziyo ezibangela ukwanda kwe-atrial kwesobunxele.

Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthi ukwenza lezi zinto kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukwanda kwe-atrial yangakwesobunxele:

• Gcina umfutho wegazi lakho ujwayelekile.
• Gcina isisindo somzimba wakho sisezingeni elifanele.
• Vimbela i-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesobunxele.
• Yeka ukubhema.
• Lawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala (uma ukwenza kanjalo, phuza kancane kakhulu).

Yini engingayilindela uma nginalesi simo?

Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi uma i-atrium yesobunxele ikhuliswa, ingozi yokuthola isifo senhliziyo esikhathini esizayo iphakeme kakhulu:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-fibrillation ye-atrial (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile ku-atria)
• Isifo senhliziyo esinomfutho wegazi ophakeme (isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme)
• Isifo sohlangothi

Uma usukwazi lokhu, ungasebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukwenza uhlelo lokuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo yakho kusukela manje. Thatha lokhu njengesixwayiso bese uthatha isinyathelo ngakho.

I-LAE ibaluleke kangakanani?

Ukwanda kwe-atrial kwesobunxele akuyona inkinga enkulu ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, kungaba uphawu lwesinye isimo esibucayi esingaphansi. Kufana nokuvuza endlini. Ukuvuza akuyona inkinga, kodwa kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kukhona imbobo enkulu ophahleni.

Ngakho-ke uma unalesi simo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imbangela bese uyelapha. Uma imbangela eyisisekelo ingelashwa, ingaholela ezinkingeni esikhathini esizayo.

Ingabe umuntu one-atrium yesobunxele ekhulisiwe angaphila impilo evamile? (Ungaphila ne-LAE?)

Yebo, kungenzeka. Kodwa, udinga ukuthola ukuthi iyini imbangela. Uma usuyazi imbangela, udinga ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele ngayo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu, udokotela wakho uzofunaZihlole minyaka yonke futhi wenze izinto ezifana ne-echo scan. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uqonde isimo senhliziyo yakho.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi ngokuzumayo (ukugoba kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwengalo) noma izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula), shayela u-911 ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi i-atrium yakho yangakwesobunxele ikhulisiwe, ungakhohlwa ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Yini ebangela ukuthi i-atrium yami yangakwesobunxele ikhule?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?
• Ingabe wonke umndeni wami kufanele uhlolwe lokhu?

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi une-Left Atrial Enlargement, bheka lokho njengesibonakaliso sesixwayiso . Kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokunaka okuthile okusenhliziyweni yakho.

Thola ukuthi imbangela iyini bese usebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelapha. Ukunakekela inhliziyo yakho kuyinto enhle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Akudingeki kube yinto enkulu. Ngisho nezinto ezincane njengokupaka kude nesitolo nokuhamba kancane, noma ukudla i-lettuce esikhundleni sokudla okunamafutha nelayisi lakho, kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi yokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho. Ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho kungenye yezinyathelo ezinkulu ongazithatha ukuze uthuthukise impilo yakho.

Ngakho-ke, nakekela inhliziyo yakho. Ngoba yiyo ekugcina uphila!

Isifo senhliziyo, Ukukhula Kwe-Atrial Yesobunxele, Izinkinga zenhliziyo, Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo, i-ECG, i-Echo