Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uthola ukukhathala kwamehlo, ubuhlungu, noma ikhanda ngemva kokufunda incwadi, ukusebenza kukhompyutha, noma ukuhlala nje uthule? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi ubona izinto ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa? Ungase ungayazi imbangela, kodwa kungaba umehluko omncane kakhulu ekuqondeni kwamehlo akho. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye salezi zimo, i-Exophoria.

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Kalula nje, iyini i-Exophoria?

I-Exophoria yilapho uvala iso elilodwa ngesandla sakho bese iso elivaliwe liphuma liye ngaphandle, kude nekhala. Lokhu kungukushintsha okuncane ekuqondeni, noma ekuqondeni, kwamehlo.

Cabanga ngakho, ngokuvamile amehlo ethu womabili asebenza ndawonye ukuze asibonise isithombe esifanayo. Kodwa uma iso elilodwa livaliwe, lelo iso alikwazi ukugxila endaweni efanayo nelinye iso. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi iso liphambuke kancane liye ohlangothini olulodwa. Eqinisweni, kuvamile ukuba nokuphambuka okuncane (phoria) kanje. Sonke sinalesi simo ngezinga elithile.

Kodwa-ke, i-exophoria iba yinkinga uma lokhu kungahambisani kahle kuba kukhulu kakhulu. Kuba nzima emehlweni nasebuchosheni bethu ukuyilawula. Lokhu kungaphazamisa umbono wethu.

Kungani ukuqondisa amehlo kubaluleke kangaka?

Ukubona kwethu kuncike ngokuphelele ekutheni amehlo ethu aqondene kahle. Uma amehlo ethu eqondene kahle, ubuchopho bethu bungakwazi "ukuhlanganisa" izithombe ezivela kuwo womabili amehlo, noma ukuzihlanganisa ndawonye, ukudala umbono ocacile wezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) womhlaba. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umbono we-binocular (stereopsis) .

Umuntu onesifo esibi kakhulu se-exophoria uba nobunzima bokuhlanganisa lezi zithombe ezimbili ebuchosheni bakhe, okuyilapho kuvela khona ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo.

Ukubona kabili noma i-Diplopia: Ukubona izinto ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ubuhlungu nokucindezeleka kwamehlo: Amehlo angase abe buhlungu ngisho nangemva kokufunda isikhashana noma ukubuka ikhompyutha.
Ubuhlungu bekhanda: Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvame ukwenzeka, ikakhulukazi lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi odinga ukusetshenziswa kwamehlo.
Isiyezi noma i-vertigo: Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe sengathi uyajikeleza.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-exophoria?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, uma usebenzisa womabili amehlo, ubuchopho bakho buyavumelana futhi bugxile kulokho okubonayo ngawo womabili amehlo. Ukuvala iso elilodwa kungabangela ukudikiza okuncane ngoba lokho kulinganisela kuyalahleka. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izici eziningana ezingabangela ubucayi be-exophoria.

Isizathu	Incazelo
Ukwakheka Komzimba	Lokhu kungaba yinto ekhona lapho umuntu ezalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ingakhula nasebuntwaneni. Kungabangelwa futhi ubuthakathaka emisipheni enyakazisa amehlo.
Amehlo	Abantu abangaboni kahle, okungukuthi, labo abane -myopia, banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-exophoria.
Indlela yokusebenzisa amehlo akho	Lesi simo singaba khona kubantu abasebenzisa iso elilodwa njalo emsebenzini noma ezintweni abazithandayo (isib. labo abasebenzisa imakroskopu, ama-binocular, noma izibuko ezimbili zokubuka amagugu).
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha	Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kungenzeka ngokulimala ekhanda, ikakhulukazi ukuxhuzula kwekhanda kanye nokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (ii-TBI) . Kungaphinde kwenzeke kaningi ezimweni ezifana nesifo sohlangothi.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Esikhathini esiningi, i-exophoria ayidingi ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuthi ibangela ezinye izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu, singakhula sibe yi -exotropia , isimo lapho iso liphendukela ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuvala iso.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

Izibuko

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-exophoria ingalawulwa ngokusebenzisa izibuko noma ama-contact lens alungiselelwe ukukhubazeka kokubona kwakho.

Ukwelashwa Kokubona

Lokhu kufana nokwelashwa ngokomzimba. Njengokwenza izivivinyo zokuqinisa imisipha ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yakho, lokhu kuhilela ukwenza izivivinyo ezikhethekile zokuqinisa imisipha emehlweni akho. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina amehlo akho eqondile.

Amalensi e-Prism

Lezi zinhlobo ezikhethekile zamalensi. Zingafakwa ezibukweni zamehlo noma zingagqokwa zodwa. La malensi ashintsha indlela ukukhanya okungena ngayo esweni. Lokhu kunciphisa umzamo amehlo akho anawo ukuze azilungise.

Imijovo yeBotox®

I-OnabotulinumtoxinA, noma umuthi wokugomela i-Botox® esiwaziyo sonke, uvimba izimpawu zemizwa emisipheni, uzibuthakathaka. Uma ufakwa emisipheni edonsa iso ngaphandle, imisipha iba buthaka kancane, ilawule ukunyakazisa kweso.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kucatshangelwa kuphela uma zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehluleka. Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza buthaka unomphela imisipha edonsa iso ngaphandle. Lena yindlela yokugcina ngoba ayinakuguqulwa. Kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.

Yiziphi izingozi uma zingelashwa?

I-Exophoria ngokuvamile ayiyona inkinga enkulu. Kodwa-ke, uma inzima ngokwanele, ingaba yimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-decompensated exotropia."

Isibonelo esihle kakhulu sokuqonda lokhu i-trolley esitolo esikhulu. Cabanga nje, uma amasondo amabili aleyo trolley engekho emgqeni, kunzima kangakanani ukuyisunduza iqonde? Kufanele sisebenze kanzima ukuyilawula. Ngokufanayo, lapho ukuhlangana kwamehlo kulahleka ngenxa ye-Exophoria, imisipha yethu yamehlo kanye nobuchopho kufanele kusebenze kanzima njalo ukuyilungisa. Yingakho sithola izinto ezifana nokucindezeleka kwamehlo kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu futhi siholele ku- exotropia , lapho iso liphendukela ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuvala iso. Lokhu kungaphazamisa kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke.

Ngakho-ke, uma uphathwa yikhanda njalo, amehlo akho akhathele, noma ubona izinto ezimbili, ungamane nje ungakunaki. Kungcono ukubona udokotela wamehlo ukuze akuhlole.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-Exophoria, i-Esophoria kanye ne-Exotropia

La magama amathathu afana kancane, ngakho-ke kungadida. Ake sibone ukuthi umehluko uyini.

I-Exophoria: Uma iso elilodwa livaliwe, lelo liso liya phambili (lisuka ekhaleni) .
I-Esophoria: Uma iso elilodwa livaliwe, lelo liso lidonswa ngaphakathi (libheke ekhaleni) .
I-Exotropia: Iso elilodwa lihlala liphendukezelwa ngaphandle , ngaphandle kokuvala iso. Lokhu kungenzeka uma i-exophoria inzima.

Kulula kangakanani uma konke empilweni kuqondile? Kunjalo nangokubona kwethu. Uma amehlo akho engaqondile kahle, izimpawu ezivelayo zingaphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi ube namahloni okubuza udokotela wakho ngezimpawu ezinjalo. Ngisho nokungaqondile okuncane kwamamilimitha ambalwa kungakubangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu. Udokotela onekhono angasixilonga ngokunembile lesi simo futhi akunikeze ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-Exophoria iwushintsho oluncane ekuqondeni kwamehlo, lapho lapho iso elilodwa livaliwe, lelo liso lidonswa ngaphandle.
Nakuba abantu abaningi benalesi simo, sibangela izimpawu kuphela uma umehluko ekuhleleni ukhula.
Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bekhanda obuhlala bukhona, ukukhathala kwamehlo, kanye nokubona kabili, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa ye-Exophoria.
Ungazami ukuxilonga noma ukwelapha lokhu ngokwakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ubonana nodokotela wamehlo.
Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu, njengezibuko zamehlo, ukwelashwa kokubona, amalensi akhethekile (amalensi e-prism), kanye nokuhlinzwa.