Ingabe igazi lakho liyajiya ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia!

Akuzona zonke imizimba yethu ezifanayo, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi singase sibe nomehluko omncane emizimbeni yethu esingawuqapheli. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esisodwa esinjalo esizuzwe njengefa, esibangela ukuba igazi lethu lijiye kakhulu, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lijiye ngokungadingekile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia .

Ngakho-ke iyini i-Factor V Leiden?

Kalula nje, lokhu kuyisifo sokujiya kwegazi esizuzwe njengefa . Okusho ukuthi, uzalwa noshintsho ezizakhini zakho zofuzo. Lolu shintsho lwenza igazi lakho lijiye kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kukubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuthola izimo ezifana nalezi:

• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka amahlule egazi emithanjeni ejulile yomzimba wakho, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni noma ezingalweni zakho. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi angakheka emithanjeni ezindaweni ezifana nesibindi, izinso, ubuchopho, kanye namehlo.
• I-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) : Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi elinye lamahlule egazi okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla, noma ihlule legazi elakheke kwenye indawo, liyaqhekeka, lihambe egazini, bese libhajwa kwelinye lamaphaphu akho.

Kodwa nansi into, ukuthi nje unalesi simo akusho ukuthi uzothola i-DVT noma i-PE . Eqinisweni, cishe abantu abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi abanalesi simo ngeke babe ne-blood clot engavamile empilweni yabo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi usengozini enkulu kancane kunabanye.

Ukwanda kwalesi simo se-'Factor V Leiden' kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlanga ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile kubonakala kaningi phakathi kwabantu abamhlophe e-United States naseYurophu.

• Cishe abantu aba-5 kwabayi-100 abadabuka eYurophu.
• Cishe abantu ababili kwabayi-100 abadabuka eHispanic.
• Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-100 ongumuntu omnyama noma ongumMelika Womdabu.
• Kubantu bomdabu base-Asia, kungaphansi koyedwa kwabayi-100.

Kodwa-ke, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu abanezinhlayiya zegazi emithanjeni yakhe kutholakale ukuthi unezakhi zofuzo ze-`Factor V Leiden`. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ``Factor V Leiden.'' Uhlamvu V lumelela inombolo yesiRoma yamahlanu.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Nakhu okufanele ukukhumbule: Lokhu kuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kukodwa akubangeli zimpawu . Ungaba nakho impilo yakho yonke ngaphandle kokwazi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izimpawu zivela kuphela uma kwakheka ihlule legazi.

Okubalulekile: Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-'DVT' noma i-'PE', shayela u-911 noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yasendaweni ngokushesha . Ngaphandle kwalokho, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu nothile. Lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyihlehlise.

Izimpawu ze-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) zingafaka:

• Ukuvuvukala komlenze noma ingalo, ukuzizwa ushisa uma uthintwa, kanye nokushintsha kombala wesikhumba (mhlawumbe uphenduka obomvu noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu lapho uthinta lowo mlenze noma ingalo, ubuhlungu lapho ucindezela .
• Imithambo engaphansi kwesikhumba emikhulu kunejwayelekile futhi ebonakalayo ebusweni .
• Uma kwenzeka amahlule egazi emithanjeni esesiswini, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besisu noma ubuhlungu ohlangothini .
• Uma kwakheka amahlule egazi ebuchosheni, angabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu elizumayo nelinzima kanye/noma ukuxhuzula .

Izimpawu ze-pulmonary embolism (PE) zingafaka:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo .
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni uma uphefumula kakhulu, ukhwehlela, noma uthimula.
• Ukukhwehlela, ngezinye izikhathi igazi elincane liphuma kanye ne-mucus .
• Umsindo wokuphefumula lapho uphefumula.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kakhulu (i-tachycardia) .
• Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile futhi ungahlaliseki .
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu, uzizwa sengathi usuzolahlekelwa ingqondo (akuvamile, ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho nokuqwasha) .

Yini ebangela i-Factor V Leiden?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu uhlobo lwezakhi zofuzo . Kukhona iphrotheni emzimbeni wethu esiza ukujiya kwegazi, ibizwa ngokuthi `i-Coagulation factor V` . Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, iyasiza ekumiseni ukopha uma kukhona ukulimala. Ngakho-ke, umzimba wethu uyalwa ukuba wenze le phrotheni yi-gene ebizwa ngokuthi `F5` .

Ngokuvamile, sonke sizuza amakhophi amabili ajwayelekile alesi sakhi sofuzo i-`F5`. Kodwa-ke, uma uzuza ikhophi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu engavamile yalesi sakhi sofuzo, kuthiwa une-`Factor V Leiden` variant (ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-`mutation`). Igama elithi `Leiden` livela edolobheni laseLeiden eNetherlands lapho abacwaningi bathola khona lolu hlobo lwesakhi sofuzo.

Lolu hlobo lwezakhi zofuzo lwe-'Factor V Leiden' lubangela ushintsho oluncane lwesakhiwo kuphrotheni ye-'factor V' ekhiqizwa emizimbeni yethu. Ngenxa yalolu shintsho, le phrotheni ye-'factor V' eshintshiwe imelana nesenzo samanye amaprotheni amabili abalulekile alawula ukujiya kwegazi , iProtheni C ('Protheni C') kanye neProtheni S ('Protheni S') . Kalula nje, lawo maprotheni alawulayo awakwazi ukukuvimba. Ngemuva kwalokho, iphrotheni ye-'factor V' iba matasa kakhulu kunalokho okufanele, futhi igazi liqala ukujiya ngokungadingekile, ngisho nalapho lingadingeki.

Ingabe lokhu kuyinto edluliselwa emndenini kuya komunye?

Yebo, impela. Ungazuza lesi simo kumama wakho noma kuyihlo, noma kokubili. I-Factor V Leiden izuzwe njengefa ngendlela ye-autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.Lokho kusho ukuthi, noma ngabe uthola lolu hlobo lwezakhi zofuzo olungavamile komunye wabazali bakho, usengakwazi ukuzuza lesi simo njengefa.

Iningi labantu (abane-Factor V Leiden) lithola ikhophi eyodwa kuphela ye-gene engajwayelekile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-heterozygous . Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi uthole amakhophi womabili e-gene angajwayelekile kumama wakho nakubaba wakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-homozygous .

Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi?

Umuntu one-Factor V Leiden angase abe namathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa amahlule egazi uma:

• Uma uzuze amakhophi womabili e-gene e-`F5` engavamile njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili (uma ungumuntu `ofanayo`) .
• Uma izihlobo zakho zegazi (njengomama, ubaba, izingane zakini) zinomlando we-DVT noma i-PE .
• Uma unezinye izimo zokujiya kwegazi .
• Uma uhlinzwa (ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, njengoba uzobe usesendaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside).
• Uma ukhulelwe (phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinguquko zamahomoni kanye nomntwana kungabangela ingcindezi emithanjeni).
• Uma uthatha izinhlobo ezithile zamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo (aqukethe i-estrogen) noma ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone .

Uma unezinye zalezi zici eziyingozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho futhi ufunde ngengozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha ongazithatha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?

Uma une-Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia, ungase ubhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuthuthukisa i-'DVT' noma i-'PE' ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-50 .
• Ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa, okusho ukuvela kaningi kwe-`DVT` noma i-`PE`.
• Amahlule egazi akheka emithanjeni evame ukwakha amahlule egazi amancane , isibonelo, emithanjeni yesibindi, ubuchopho kanye nezinso.
• I-DVT noma i-PE ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemva kokubeletha .
• I-DVT noma i-PE ingase ivele esikhathini esifushane ngemva kokuqala amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo .

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Odokotela bangathola ukuthi unalesi simo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi . Lokhu kungafaka nokuhlolwa kofuzo . Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwalesi simo, ikakhulukazi:

• Uma uke waba ne-DVT noma i-PE ngaphambili , ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeke usemncane kunalokho obekulindelekile.
• Uma omunye noma ngaphezulu kwezihlobo zakho zegazi enomlando wamahlule egazi .

Iphathwa kanjani i-Factor V Leiden?

I-Factor V Leiden iyisimo sokuphila konkeLokho kusho ukuthi okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa noma ikhambi elithile lalolu hlobo lwezakhi zofuzo. Esikhundleni salokho, ukwelashwa kusebenza ekuncibilikiseni amahlule egazi akhona futhi kunciphise ingozi yamahlule egazi esikhathini esizayo . Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:

• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kwegazi (eyaziwa nangokuthi imithi yokunciphisa igazi) : Le mithi isiza ekuncibilikiseni amahlule egazi akhona futhi ivimbele ukwakheka kwamahlule amasha.
• Amasokisi okucindezela : Lawa amasokisi aqinile akhethekile agqokwa emilenzeni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kuncishiswe ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Ukubekwa kwesihlungi se-Vena cava : Lena idivayisi encane efakwa emthanjeni omkhulu ukuvimbela amahlule egazi ukuthi aye emaphashini. Akuwona wonke umuntu oyidingayo.
• Ukususwa kwamahlule egazi ngokuhlinzwa : Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe amahlule egazi amakhulu.

Isikhathi osidingayo ukuthatha umuthi wokunciphisa igazi sincike engcupheni yakho yokuthola elinye ihlule legazi. Abanye abantu badinga ukuthatha lo muthi izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela. Abanye kungadingeka bawuthathe isikhathi eside, ngisho naso sonke isikhathi sokuphila kwabo. Udokotela wakho uzochaza uhlelo lokwelashwa olukulungele kangcono.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma wazi ukuthi unalesi simo, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uxhumana nodokotela njalo.

• Hamba uyohlolwa ngokwezokwelapha okungenani kanye ngonyaka .
• Uma une-DVT noma i-PE futhi uthola ukwelashwa, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho ukuze uthole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi ukwelashwa kuhamba kanjani.
• Uma uthatha umuthi wokwehlisa igazi njenge- Warfarin , kufanele uhlolwe igazi (ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi se-Prothrombin - ukuhlolwa kwe-PT/INR) ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle yini nokuthi umthamo ulungile yini.

Futhi, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela ezimweni ezinjengalezi:

• Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo (ikakhulukazi lezo eziqukethe i-estrogen).
• Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone .
• Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, ngaphambi kwalokho .

Lokhu kusho ukuthini ngobude besikhathi sokuphila?

Kwabaningi abantu, ukuba ne-Factor V Leiden akuthinti isikhathi sabo sokuphila esijwayelekile . Ngisho noma ungaba namahlule egazi, uma uthola ukwelashwa okusheshayo nokufanelekile, ungavimbela imiphumela emibi kakhulu . Uma unenkinga mayelana nobude bokuphila kwakho noma izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo.

Yini okufanele siyigweme uma sine-Factor V Leiden?

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza iseluleko ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, kodwa ngokuvamile, kungcono ukugwema lezi zinto:

• Ukubhema, ukufutha, nokusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi .
• Ukuhlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside (isib. ukusebenza ehhovisi, ukuthatha uhambo olude ngebhasi noma ngesitimela, noma ukundiza amahora amaningi). Uma kungenzeka, vuka uhambehamba okungenani kanye ngehora.
• Gwema ukuphuza utshwala obuningi , ikakhulukazi ezindizeni ezinde.
• Amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo kanye nokwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone aqukethe i-estrogen (kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa).

Ingabe ukuntuleka kwe-Factor V kanye ne-Factor V Leiden kuyafana?

Yebo, ungazididanisi lezi ezimbili. Lezi yizimo ezimbili zezakhi zofuzo ezihluke ngokuphelele . Kodwa-ke, zombili lezi zimo zihlotshaniswa nokwehluka kwezakhi zofuzo ze-`F5`.

Ku-Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kubangela ukuthi igazi lakho lijiye kalula.

Kodwa-ke, esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi 'ukuntuleka kwe-Factor V' , ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kuvimbela igazi lakho ukuthi lingaqini kahle uma kudingeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi usengozini yokopha. 'Ukuntuleka kwe-Factor V' kuyisifo sokopha esingavamile kakhulu (cishe esisodwa kwesigidi). Kungabangela izinto ezifana nokopha ekhaleni njalo, ukopha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kanye nokopha okuqhubekayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, uma uthola ukuthi wena noma othile omaziyo une-Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia, ungesabi ngokushesha. Khumbula, iningi labantu abanalesi simo lingaphila impilo enempilo ngaphandle kokukhula kwamahlule egazi .

Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka uqhekeka igazi, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo . Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, uthole izivivinyo nokwelashwa okudingayo, futhi uphile impilo evamile nejabulisayo ngalesi simo, usilawule kahle ngaphambi kokuba sibe yinkinga.

I- Factor V Leiden, i-Thrombophilia, ukujiya kwegazi, i-DVT, i-PE, isifo sofuzo, ukujiya kwegazi, ukuphazamiseka kofuzo