Cabanga ngengane yakho encane idlala futhi ngokuzumayo iqala ukuthuthumela, amehlo ayo evuleka, umzimba wayo wonke uqina... Ngaleso sikhathi, uma uthinta umzimba wayo, kuzwakala njengomlilo. Lokho kusho ukuthi inomkhuhlane. Njengomama noma ubaba, ukwesaba okuzwayo uma ubona into efana nalena akuchazeki. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "ukuquleka okubangelwa yimfiva" noma, ngokwezokwelapha, ukuquleka okubangelwa yimfiva . Nakuba lokhu kuyinto eyesabekayo kakhulu ukuyibona, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi isikhathi esiningi, akubanga yingozi yesikhathi eside enganeni. Ngakho-ke, masingathuki futhi siqaphele lokhu.
Kungani kwenzeka lezi zimo zokuwa ngenxa yomkhuhlane?
Odokotela abakaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu. Kodwa ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi lesi simo singase senzeke lapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba wengane likhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-38 (100.4 Fahrenheit). Ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni sokushisa ngokwako, ukwanda okusheshayo komkhuhlane (ukushisa okukhulu) kungabangela lokhu. Ezimweni eziningi, abazali bangase bangazi nokuthi ingane yabo inomkhuhlane. Baqaphela kuphela ukuthi ingane yabo inomkhuhlane lapho ithinta umzimba wayo ngemva kokuba ukuxhuzula kwenzeke ngokuzumayo.
Obani abantwana abanamathuba amaningi okuba nesifo sokuwa esibangelwa umkhuhlane?
Lesi simo singavame ukwenzeka ezinganeni eziphakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3 neminyaka eyi-6. Kodwa-ke, sivame kakhulu ezinganeni eziphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 ne-18 . Ezinganeni eziningi, lesi simo siyaphela sodwa lapho sezineminyaka engaba yi-6 ubudala.
Futhi kunezinto ezimbalwa ezengeziwe:
- Umlando womndeni: Uma omunye umuntu emndenini wakho, kungaba wena, umlingani wakho, noma omunye umntwana, eke waba nesifo sokuwa esihambisana nomkhuhlane esemncane, ingane yakho inamathuba amancane okuba naso.
- Okwesibili: Uma ingane ike yaba nokuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane kanye, kungenzeka ukuthi izophinde ibe nokuquleka.
Iyini imvelo yokuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu. Ake sibone ukuthi umehluko uyini phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
| Isici | Ukuquleka Okulula Kwe-Febrile | Ukuquleka Okuyinkimbinkimbi Komkhuhlane |
|---|---|---|
| Isikhathi | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ngokuvamile luhlala isikhathi esifushane, cishe umzuzu owodwa noma emibili. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lungathatha imizuzu efika kweyi-15. | Lokhu akuvamile. Kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-15. |
| Umphumela emzimbeni | Umzimba wonke uyaqhaqhazela ngasikhathi sinye (ukuqhaqhazela ngakwesinye icala). | Ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yomzimba (isib., ingalo noma umlenze owodwa) ingathinteka. |
| Imvamisa | Ngeke kuphinde kuvele zingakapheli amahora angama-24. | Kungenzeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa zingakapheli amahora angama-24. |
| Ngemva kokuquleka | Ingane ingase izizwe ilele, ithukuthele, noma ididekile amahora ambalwa. | Ngemva kokuxhuzula, ingalo noma umlenze ohlangothini oluthintekile lomzimba ungase uzizwe ungaphilile isikhashana. |
Ukuquleka okuyinkimbinkimbi okubangelwa umkhuhlane kuyisimo esidinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, udokotela angase anqume ukuqhubeka nokuhlola ingane. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuskena (`imaging`), ukuhlolwa koketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho (`spinal tap`), noma ngisho nokulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze kutholakale ukwelashwa.
Ziyini izimbangela zomkhuhlane?
Ukuze ingane ibe nesifo sokuwa esibangelwa umkhuhlane, kumele iqale ibe nomkhuhlane. Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko ezenza izingane ezincane zibe nomkhuhlane.
1. Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ngamagciwane kungabangela umkhuhlane. I-Roseola ( eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo sesithupha) ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okungabangela umkhuhlane ophakeme ngokuzumayo, okungaholela ekubanjweni yimfiva.
2. Ukugonywa: Izingane zisengaba nomkhuhlane ngemva kokuthola eminye imijovo. Ikakhulukazi umjovo we-MMR wesimungumungwane, ugonyo, kanye ne-rubella, ongabangela umkhuhlane phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-14 ngemva kokunikezwa.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ingane yami inesifo sokuwa?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwengane ukuthi ungesabi ngalesi sikhathi, kodwa thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha nangendlela efanele.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uzolile . Uma uzolile kuphela lapho ungasiza khona ingane yakho.
Nansi indlela yokwenza lezi zinto.
| ✔️ Izinto okufanele uzenze | ❌ Okungafanele ukwenze |
|---|---|
| Khupha ingane embhedeni noma esihlalweni bese uyilalisa endaweni ephephile (isib. phansi). Lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okuwa kwayo. | Ungafaki lutho emlonyeni wengane (ungafaki izipuni, okhiye, iminwe). |
| Phendula ingane ngomhlane wayo ngokushesha. Ngale ndlela, noma yimaphi amathe noma ukuhlanza okuqongeleleka emlonyeni ngeke kubhajwe endleleni yokuphefumula. | Ungayibambi noma ungayibambi ingane yakho ukuze umise ukuxhuzula. |
Ngemva kokuba ukuxhuzula sekuphelile, uma ingane iphefumula kahle futhi izinzile, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela umkhuhlane. Ikakhulukazi uma into efana nalena yehlela ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala, udokotela angenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuze anqume ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka okuyingozi njenge-meningitis.
Kufanele ngiyise nini ingane yami eYunithi Yokwelashwa Okuphuthumayo (i-ETU)?
Kunezikhathi lapho kungengcono khona ukuhlala ekhaya. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kufanele uhambise ingane yakho ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Noma ushayele isevisi ye-ambulensi ka-1990.
- Uma ukuxhuzula kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5.
- Uma ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula noma iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka .
- Uma ingxenye eyodwa yomzimba inyakaza (isibonakaliso sokuwa okuyinkimbinkimbi).
- Uma ukuziphatha kwengane kungavamile ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi esingaphezu kwehora ngemva kokuba ukuxhuzula sekuphelile.
- Uma ingane ibonakala iphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni (umlomo owomile nezindebe, amehlo acwile, ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo).
- Uma ukuxhuzula kwenzeka futhi zingakapheli amahora angama-24 .
Ingabe lokhu kuzophinde kwenzeke? Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa?
Cishe u-30% kuya ku-35% wezingane ezike zaba nokuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane zizoba nokuquleka okunye phakathi nonyaka noma emibili ezayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ingane ingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-15 ubudala lapho iqala ukuba nakho. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi njalo lapho ingane inomkhuhlane, izoba nokuquleka.
Ngokuvamile, ukuquleka okulula okubangelwa umkhuhlane akudingi ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuquleka kuyinkimbinkimbi noma kwenzeka njalo, udokotela angase anikeze umuthi wokulawula ukuquleka. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukuquleka kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5, udokotela angase ancome okuthile okufana nejeli ye-'Diazepam' ye-rectal ukuze kumiswe. Kodwa khumbula, noma ngabe umuthi onjalo unikezwa, kufanele uyise ingane yakho esibhedlela ngokushesha.
Ingabe ingane yami izoba nezinye izinkinga ngenxa yokuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane?
Lokhu ukwesaba okukhulu engqondweni yawo wonke umzali.
Ukuquleka okulula okubangelwa umkhuhlane ngeke kubangele umonakalo ebuchosheni bengane, futhi ngeke kuthinte ikhono lokufunda noma ukuhlakanipha kwengane.
Ukuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane akusona isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-epilepsy. I-epilepsy ukwenzeka kokuquleka okubili noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle komkhuhlane. Ingane eye yaba nokuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane isengozini encane kakhulu (cishe u-2%) yokuba nesifo sokuquleka kamuva ekuphileni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingane ezingu-98% ngeke zibe nenkinga.
Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuquleka okulula okubangelwa umkhuhlane, ingane yakho izokhula ngendlela evamile ngokuphelele. Ungakhathazeki ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Nakuba ukuquleka okubangelwa umkhuhlane kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kakhulu, ngokuvamile akubangeli umonakalo wesikhathi eside enganeni.
- Lokhu kubangelwa umkhuhlane, hhayi isifo sobuchopho.
- Uma ingane yakho inesifo sokuwa, hlala uzolile, phendula ingane uyibeke eceleni endaweni ephephile, bese ulinda ngaphandle kokunikeza noma yini ngomlomo.
- Uma unesithuthwane okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ngemva kokuba isithuthwane siphelile ukuze uthole imbangela yomkhuhlane.
- Uma ukuxhuzula kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5 futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ukuquleka okubangelwa yi-febrile akusona isifo sokuwa, ngakho-ke ungesabi ngokungadingekile.
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