Injabulo oyizwayo lapho uthola ukuthi ulindele umntwana ayichazeki, akunjalo? Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, unezinto ezimbalwa zokwesaba nemibuzo eminingi. "Ingabe ingane iphilile?", "Ingabe kukhona okuzokwenzeka kimi?", "Ingabe konke kuzobe sekuvamile?" Kuvamile ukucabanga izinto ezinjengalezi. Yingakho odokotela benza izivivinyo ezahlukene ukuze bakunakekele kahle wena nengane yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukuqapha impilo yakho neyengane yakho eduze. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emtholampilo nsuku zonke udokotela athi uze.
Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalezi zivivinyo ezenziwa ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, okungukuthi, i-trimester yokuqala.
Kungani lezi zivivinyo zibaluleke kangaka?
Kalula nje, lezi zivivinyo zingabona noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele kuwe noma enganeni yakho kusenesikhathi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungathatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ngokushesha. Lokhu kufana nokwazi kusengaphambili ngembobo engaphambili ngenkathi ushayela emgwaqweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, singayigwema bese sishayela ngokucophelela, akunjalo? Yilokho okushiwo yilezi zivivinyo.
Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho kokuqala noma kwesibili, udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo eminingi. Bazokubuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo kanye nanoma yimuphi umlando womndeni wezifo (njengezifo zofuzo). Lolu lwazi luzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi usengozini ethile yini. Bazokwenza nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Usuku lwakho lokuzalwa lubalwa ngokusekelwe osukwini lokuya esikhathini kwakho kokugcina.
Yiziphi izivivinyo eziyinhloko ezenziwa ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni. Ake siqonde ngayinye ngokucacile. Ukuze kube lula, ngizoyethula etafuleni.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Ubonani kulokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic kanye ne-Pap smear | Ihlola impilo yamaseli akho esibeletho. Ihlola nomdlavuza wesibeletho kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD). |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Uhlobo lwegazi lakho kanye ne-Rh factor kuyahlolwa, ukuthi une-anemia, ukuthi unamandla okuzivikela ku-rubella (isimungumungwane saseJalimane), nokuthi unezifo ezifana ne-Hepatitis B, i-Syphilis, kanye ne-HIV. |
| Ukuhlolwa komchamo | Bahlola izifo zezinso. Bahlola njalo umchamo ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini ushukela (uphawu lwesifo sikashukela) kanye nephrotheni (uphawu lwe-preeclampsia). |
| Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile | Kuye ngomlando womndeni wakho, udokotela wakho angase ahlole nezifo zofuzo ezifana ne-Tay-Sachs, i-Cystic Fibrosis, kanye ne-Sickle Cell Anemia. Bangase bahlole namazinga akho ama-hormone i-hCG ne-progesterone, okusiza ukugcina ukukhulelwa. |
Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubheka izimo zofuzo zomntwana
Ngasekupheleni kwekota yokuqala, phakathi kwamasonto 11 no-14, uzonikezwa izivivinyo eziningana ezingakusiza ufunde ngezimo zofuzo zomntwana wakho. Isinqumo sokwenza lezi zivivinyo sincike kuwe ngokuphelele.
Abanye omama banomuzwa wokuthi lezi zivivinyo ziwumthwalo ongadingekile ezingqondweni zabo. Kodwa abanye bafuna ukwazi konke okungenzeka kusenesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zivivinyo zingase zingabi neqiniso eliphelele.
Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngezinzuzo kanye nokubi kwalezi zivivinyo bese wenza isinqumo esinolwazi.
Ukuhlolwa okungahlaseli okungafaki ingozi enganeni
Lokhu kudinga kuphela isampula yegazi kanye ne-scan evela kuwe. Ingane ngeke ilimale nganoma iyiphi indlela.
- Ukuhlolwa Okuhlanganisiwe: Lokhu kulinganisa amazinga amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi `hCG` kanye `PAPP-A` egazini lakho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuskena kulinganisa ukujiya kwesikhumba ngemuva kwentamo yengane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `ukuskena kwe -nuchal translucency (NT)`. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokubili ihlanganiswa ukuze kubalwe ingozi yezimo zofuzo ezifana ne-Down syndrome kanye ne-Trisomy 18.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphambi Kokubeletha Okungahlaseli (i-NIPT):Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngesampula yegazi elithathwe kuwe. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, inani elincane le-DNA yengane liyangezwa egazini likamama. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola ngezinga eliphezulu lokunemba (cishe ama-99%) ukuthi ingane inesifo sofuzo ngokuhlola leyo DNA (`i-DNA yengane engenamaseli`).
Ukuhlolwa okubangela ingozi encane kakhulu enganeni
Udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kuhlolwa uma ukuhlolwa okungenhla okungekhona okuyingozi kubonisa inkinga, noma uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala noma unomlando womndeni wezifo zofuzo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Chorionic villus (CVS): Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto ayi-10 kuya kwayi-12 okukhulelwa. Ithubhu elincane kakhulu lifakwa ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane liye emlonyeni wesibeletho, noma kufakwa inaliti encane esiswini, bese kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezivela ku-placenta. Ukuhlola lesi zicubu kungahlonza ngokunembile izimo eziningi zofuzo, njenge-Down syndrome, i-sickle cell anemia, kanye ne-cystic fibrosis.
- Okubalulekile: Kukhona ingozi encane kakhulu yokuphuphuma kwesisu (cishe u-1%) ngalolu vivinyo. Futhi alukwazi ukubona izimo ezifana nokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube. Lokhu kuyahlolwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlukile kamuva.
Kuthiwani uma unamawele?
Ukukhulelwa kwamawele kubhekwa njengokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzokugada wena nomntwana wakho eduze kakhulu. Uzoba nazo zonke izivivinyo ezivamile ezenziwa abanye omama, kodwa ezinye zazo kungadingeka zenziwe kusenesikhathi futhi kaningi.
Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zangasese noma kuchwepheshe wezokwelapha usana olusanda kuzalwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Qiniseka ukuthi uya emtholampilo nsuku zonke ezibhalwe "ebhukwini lakho lomtholampilo." Kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yakho neyengane yakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuboneni izinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona enganeni yakho kanye nekusasa lomntwana wakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kuyinto ekunika ithuba lokukhetha. Buza udokotela wakho ngakho uze wazi kahle izinzuzo nezinkinga zako.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka nganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Ukukhulelwa ngakunye kuhlukile, ngakho-ke ungase ungabi nezivivinyo ezifanayo umngane wakho azitholile, noma ungase ube nezivivinyo angazange azithole. Ungakhathazeki ngalokho.
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