Sonke siyayithanda imibala emihle, akunjalo? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukupenda izindonga zethu, ukukhetha ingubo egqamile, noma ukukhetha izinto zasekhaya, umbala okhanyayo usilethela injabulo. Kodwa cabanga ukuthi umbala owuthandayo empeleni ubuyingozi ebulalayo. Namuhla, ngifuna ukwabelana nawe ngendaba ejabulisayo neyiqiniso. Lena indaba yombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka owakhanga iNgilandi yekhulu le-19, kodwa wabulala buthule labo ababehlala eduze kwawo.
Okuluhlaza Okubulalayo Okukhona Yonke Indawo
Le ndaba iqala eNgilandi yekhulu le-19. Phakathi neNguquko Yezimboni, ngesibhakabhaka esigcwele umusi kanye nentuthu yasefektri, abantu babelangazelela uhlaza lwemvelo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umbala oluhlaza okhanyayo nomangalisayo wabamba umcabango womphakathi. Wawaziwa ngokuthi 'uScheele's Green,' oqanjwe ngegama lesazi samakhemikhali saseSweden esawuthola ngo-1778.
Lo mbala wathandwa kakhulu kangangokuthi wawusetshenziswa kukho konke kusukela ezindongeni zaseBuckingham Palace kuya ezimbozweni zezincwadi, izingubo, amathoyizi, imihlobiso yamakhekhe, kanye namaswidi. Kwakuwumbala "wangempela" walesi sikhathi.
Kodwa-ke, kwakufihliwe ngemuva kwalobu buhle imfihlo ebulalayo. Lo mbala wenziwe ngokuxuba ithusi nomoya-mpilo ne -arsenic , into enobuthi obukhulu.
Kalula nje, abantu babengazi ukuthi baphila, baphefumula, futhi begqoke lobu buthi obubulalayo emakhaya abo.
Iyini ngempela i-Arsenic?
I-Arsenic iyinto engenzeka ngokwemvelo emhlabeni nasemanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Ngaleso sikhathi, odokotela babesebenzisa ngisho nenani elincane ukwelapha umkhuhlane, i-asthma, kanye ne-eczema . Ngokumangalisayo, ngisho nanamuhla, inhlanganisela ebizwa ngokuthi i-Arsenic Trioxide isetshenziswa ngempumelelo njenge-chemotherapy ekwelapheni uhlobo oluthile, olubi kakhulu lwe-leukemia (i-Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia).
Nokho, kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka abantu babazi nokuthi i-arsenic iwubuthi obunamandla. Ngenxa yokuthi ayinaphunga futhi ayinambitheki, yayifihlwa kalula ekudleni noma eziphuzweni, yathola idumela “njengenkosi yobuthi” obusetshenziswa ababulali bomlando. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zokuqala zobuthi be-arsenic— njengokucasuka , ukuhlanza , kanye nokuqaqamba kwesisu —zazibonisa izifo ezivamile njengekholera, ngakho akekho owayesola ukuthi iwukudla okubi.
Ingozi Yembulwa
Kudala ngo-1839, isazi semithi saseJalimane saxwayisa ngokuthi uma amakamelo anomswakama ophezulu ehlotshiswe ngephepha lodonga likaScheele's Green, lingakhipha umusi onobuthi. Kungakapheli sikhathi eside ngemuva kombiko wakhe, izingane ezine eLondon zashona ngenxa yokwehluleka kokuphefumula; igumbi labo lokulala lalisanda kuhlotshiswa ngalephepha lodonga eliluhlaza. Lapho lihlolwa, iphepha lodonga latholakala liqukethe inani elibulalayo le-arsenic ngefidi lesikwele.
Kwalandela ukufa kanye nezifo ezifanayo. Omunye udokotela, ephenya ukuthi kungani ayehlushwa yizinhlungu zomzimba, isiyezi, kanye nokuhlanza njalo lapho ephuma esikhungweni sakhe sokucwaninga esiluhlaza, waqaphela ingozi. Waphawula ukuthi abaningi eBrithani babehlushwa ubuthi kancane kancane.
Kwenzekani Uma I-Arsenic Ingena Emzimbeni?
Umonakalo obangelwa yi-arsenic uncike kakhulu kumthamo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ikuthinta kanjani.
| Uhlobo Lobuthi | Izimpawu Nemiphumela |
|---|---|
| Ubuthi Obunamandla (Ukuchayeka ngokuzumayo ngesilinganiso esiphezulu) |
|
| Ubuthi Obungapheli (Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside, ngomthamo ophansi) |
|
Nakuba abantu ngaleso sikhathi babengenalo ulwazi olujulile ngale miphumela yesikhathi eside, bazibona izimpawu ezifana nokushintshashintsha kwesikhumba kanye nokuwohloka, okwakuqokonyiswa komagazini bezokwelapha ngisho nakuma-cartoon ezepolitiki.
Ukuphela Kombala Nesifundo Esifundiwe
Naphezu kwezixwayiso, iphepha lodonga eliluhlaza laliyibhizinisi elikhulu. Ngisho nomklami odumile uWilliam Morris wasebenzisa le pigment futhi wayengumnikazi wesabelo enkampanini ehamba phambili yokukhiqiza i-arsenic, edume ngokuchitha ukwesaba kwezempilo njengenganekwane "ehlekisayo".
Kodwa-ke, ngo-1879, ngemva kokuba isivakashi sasebukhosini sigule silele ekamelweni elinephepha lodonga eliluhlaza, iNdlovukazi uVictoria yayala ukuba lonke iphepha lodonga eliluhlaza lisuswe esigodlweni.
Kancane kancane, ukuqwashisa umphakathi kwakhula ngemibiko yabezindaba. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kuphasiswe imithetho kahulumeni, abantu baqala ukwenqaba imikhiqizo equkethe i-arsenic, okwaphoqa abakhiqizi ukuba bakhiqize imibala ephephile.
Isifundo esibaluleke kakhulu esisifunda kulokhu ukuthi akufanele siphuphuthekiswe ubuhle bangaphandle. Kuphinde kubonise amandla amakhulu okuqwashisa umphakathi uma kukhulunywa ngempilo.
Kuze kube namuhla, ukulingisa okuluhlaza kwemvelo kuseyinselele. Ezinye izinhlobo zombala zesimanje azikayithandi imvelo ngokuphelele. Imizamo yabantu yokulingisa imvelo ivame ukuba nezingozi ezifihliwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izinto ezinhle zangaphandle ngezinye izikhathi zingafihla izimfihlo eziyingozi. Hlala uqaphela izithako ezisemikhiqizweni oyisebenzisayo, ikakhulukazi amakhemikhali.
- I-Arsenic iwubuthi obunamandla obungaba yingozi uma busetshenziswa kakhulu futhi bubangele umdlavuza nezinye izifo ezinzima ezihambisana nokutheleleka okungapheli.
- Uma usola noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuthi, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha noma ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi sikazwelonke.
- Ukwazisa umphakathi mayelana nempilo kunamandla kakhulu, noma kungengaphezu kwalokho, kunomthetho kahulumeni.
I-Arsenic, Ubuthi be-Arsenic, Okuluhlaza kukaScheele, Ubuthi, Ubuthi, Umlando Wezokwelapha, Umlando Wezempilo
