Yini engaphakathi kwamehlo akho? Ake sibheke ukuhlolwa (kwe-Fundoscopy/Ophthalmoscopy)!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi udokotela ubonani ngempela uma ekhanyisa ukukhanya okuncane emehlweni akho? Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla, okubizwa ngokuthi i-"Fundoscopy" noma i-"Ophthalmoscopy." Lokhu empeleni ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Ingabe singakhuluma ngakho ngokuningiliziwe?

Kuyini lokhu `(i-Fundoscopy)`? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-"fundoscopy" iwukuhlolwa kwengemuva leso lakho, udonga lwangaphakathi. Udokotela usebenzisa ithuluzi lokukhulisa kanye nokukhanya okuncane okunamathiselwe kulo. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha, kanye nokuxilonga izifo ezithile kanye nokulimala kwamehlo.

Igama elithi "fundus" lisho udonga lwangemuva lweso. Yingakho lokhu kuhlolwa kubizwa ngokuthi "i-fundoscopy." Futhi, ithuluzi eliyinhloko elisetshenziswa kulokhu "i-ophthalmoscope." Ngakho-ke, yingakho lokhu kuhlolwa kubizwa nangokuthi "i-ophthalmoscopy." Womabili amagama amabili okuhlolwa okufanayo.

Manje bheka, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lolu vivinyo lwe-``(Fundoscopy)``. Imishini esetshenziswayo yendlela ngayinye ihlukile.

1. I-Ophthalmoscopy Eqondile:

• Lokhu kusebenzisa idivayisi encane, ephathwa ngesandla enefasitela elikhulisayo kanye nokukhanya. Udokotela uhlezi phambi kwakho, ubambe idivayisi ngesandla sakhe, bese ebheka ngaphakathi kweso lakho ngelensi. Kufana nokubuka ngethoshi elincane, kodwa kwenza ingaphakathi leso lakho libukeke likhulu kakhulu.

2. I-Ophthalmoscopy Engaqondile:

• Lokhu kuhlukile kancane. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wambona udokotela egqoke uhlaka oluyindilinga alugqoka ekhanda lakhe. Lunengxenye encane efana nenduku ongayibona phambi kwalo. Ungabona ngeso elilodwa noma womabili amehlo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela unenye ilensi encane esandleni sakhe ebizwa ngokuthi "ilensi ejiyile". Uyibamba phambi kweso lakho futhi ushintsha i-engeli. Uma uyibheka ngale ndlela, ungabona ingemuva leso ngokucacile nangokucacile . Uma udokotela ebheka ngawo womabili amehlo, umbono ungowesithathu (3D) . Lokho kusho ukuthi ungabona ngokucacile ngokujula.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zindlela ezimbili, kukhona okunye ukuhlukahluka okuncane ku-`(Indirect Ophthalmoscopy)`. Ibizwa ngokuthi `(Monocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy)`. Kulokhu, udokotela ubamba i-`(Ophthalmoscope)` ngesandla esisodwa futhi abheke ngeso elilodwa, ngenkathi esebenzisa `(ilensi ejiyile)` ngesinye isandla. Kodwa-ke, kulesi simo, umbono onezinhlangothi ezintathu kanye nokuqonda okujulile kuncane.

Lolu vivinyo lwenziwa nini?

Lokhu kuhlolwa, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-fundoscopy," empeleni kuyinto evame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokubonana nodokotela njalo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubonile kwenziwa, ikakhulukazi uma uya kudokotela womndeni wakho (uMhlinzeki Wokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko) noma lapho ingane yakho iya kudokotela wezingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa nasezimweni ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Lokhu kuyinto eyenziwa nakanjani.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekutholeni noma yiziphi izinkinga ebuchosheni kanye nasesimisweni sezinzwa.
• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa okuphelele.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela benza lokhu kuhlola ngokujulile. Kubizwa ngokuthi "i-extended ophthalmoscopy." Kubheka ngokujulile okungaphakathi kweso bese kwenza isithombe salo. Lokhu kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa ku-retina noma ezimweni ezithile.

Lolu hlolo lwe-``(Fundoscopy)`` lusebenza kanjani?

Uyazi, indilinga encane emnyama ephakathi kweso lakho, i-pupil , empeleni iyisivalo esifana nefasitela esingena esweni. I-iris , izicubu ezinemisipha ezinika iso lakho umbala walo, ilawula ubukhulu balo mfundi. Ukukhanya kungena esweni ngalo mfundi. Yisinyathelo sokuqala ekhonweni lakho lokubona.

Odokotela basebenzisa le ndlela yokubheka ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho besebenzisa i-ophthalmoscope. Ukukhanya okungaphakathi kwe-ophthalmoscope kukhanyisa ingaphakathi leso, kanti amalensi okukhulisa avumela udokotela ukuthi abone okungaphakathi kweso ngokuningiliziwe nangokucacile .

Uma udokotela ebheka nge-ophthalmoscope, ubheka izinto ezithile ezingemuva kweso. Izinto eziyinhloko abazifunayo yilezi:

• Abafundi nendlela abasabela ngayo ekukhanyeni: Ingabe abafundi bayancipha noma bayanda lapho ukukhanya kubashaya?
• I-Fundus reflex: Lena yindlela ukukhanya okubonisa ngayo odongeni lwangemuva lweso. Yilokho okwenza amehlo ezingane ezincane abonakale ekhazimula.
• I-Retina: Lolu ulwelwesi oluzwela ukukhanya ngaphakathi kweso, njengefilimu ekhamera.
• Isakhiwo Senzwa Yokubona: Le nzwa ithwala ulwazi ngalokho okubonwa ngamehlo iye ebuchosheni.

Yini ongayilindela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-fundoscopy?

Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-"fundoscopy" akudingi ukulungiselela okuningi kuwe. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, udokotela wakho noma udokotela wamehlo uzokutshela uma kukhona okudingeka kwenziwe.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela noma udokotela wamehlo uzofaka amaconsi amehlo akho ukuze avule amehlo akho . Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Ukuvula amehlo akho kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone ingaphakathi leso lakho kangcono futhi libanzi.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-`(Fundoscopy)`?

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-fundoscopy, udokotela wakho noma udokotela wamehlo uzokuhlalisa esihlalweni noma ulale embhedeni phambi kwabo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ekamelweni elikhanyayo kancane . Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukubona ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Udokotela uzokucela ukuthi ubheke phambili, futhi ngezinye izikhathi akucele ukuthi uphendulele amehlo akho eceleni.

Uma uyibheka ngendlela ethi "Indirect Ophthalmoscopy", udokotela ubamba ilensi encane ephathwa ngesandla phambi kweso lakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uqondanisa le lensi nefasitela lokubuka kudivayisi ayigqoka ekhanda lakhe.

Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, ukwandiswa kwamehlo kungaba yingxenye yalolu vivinyo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Ukwandiswa kwamehlo akho kungasiza udokotela wakho abone noma yiziphi izinkinga ezincane noma ezifihliwe ngaphakathi kweso lakho. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ubheka ini nokuthi ubona yini esolisayo.

Ungase uzibuze, "Ingabe lokhu kuhlolwa kuzolimaza?" Lutho neze! Lokhu kuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu. Ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile lapho ukukhanya kushaya iso lakho, kodwa kuzophela ngemizuzu embalwa. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Uma udokotela wakho ebona noma yini esolisayo, angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Isibonelo, ukuthwebula izithombe ze-fundus (ukuthatha isithombe sengaphakathi leso lakho) noma ukuhlolwa kwesibani esinqunyiwe (ukubuka iso lakho nge-microscope ekhethekile). Lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngakho-ke, ungangabazi ukucela udokotela wakho ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlolwa akuphakamisayo kanye nokukhathazeka kwakhe.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa?

Udokotela wakho noma udokotela wamehlo uzokutshela lokho abakubonile emehlweni akho. Bazochaza nokuthi kukhona yini okufanele ukunake. Bazokunikeza nesiqondiso salokho okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo nokuthi yini okufanele uyiqonde.

Abanye odokotela bangase bakhulume ngalokho okwenzekayo ngenkathi wenza isivivinyo. Abanye bangase bakhulume ngalokho abakubonile ngokuningiliziwe ngemva kokuba isivivinyo sesiphelile. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yindaba yokuzikhethela komuntu siqu. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile ngesivivinyo, tshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba isivivinyo siqale. Angaqonda imizwa yakho, akusize uphumule, futhi akusize unqobe ukwesaba kwakho.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kukhona isisho esithi "amehlo ayizicabha zomphefumulo." Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungashiwo ukuthi amehlo ayizicabha zempilo yakho . Odokotela emikhakheni eyahlukene basebenzisa lolu vivinyo lwe-`(Fundoscopy)` ukuze babheke ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho futhi bathole ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yamehlo akho, ubuchopho, kanye nomzimba wonke. `(Fundoscopy)` noma `(Ophthalmoscopy)` inqubo esetshenziswa odokotela ukuhlola noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingadinga ukwelashwa.Indlela ebaluleke kakhulu.

Okungcono nakakhulu ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kuyashesha, akubuhlungu, futhi kungenziwa ngemishini embalwa . Ngakho-ke, kungenziwa kalula noma kuphi emhlabeni, ngisho nasezindaweni ezinezikhungo zezokwelapha kanye nobuchwepheshe obulinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esizayo udokotela ekhanyisa iso lakho, uzokwazi ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kangakanani!

I - Fundoscopy, i-ophthalmoscopy, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo, i-retina, i-optic nerve, impilo yamehlo, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha