Wake wahlolwa igazi wadideka lapho ubona amagama nezinombolo embikweni? Kunamagama amaningi afana nelithi "Total Protein", "Albumin", "Globulin" kanye nezinombolo eziningi. Asikwazi ukuthola ukuthi lawa asho ukuthini ngempela. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma kalula ngokuthi liyini elithi "Globulin" nokuthi libaluleke kangakanani emzimbeni wethu.
Kalula nje, iyini le globulin?
Ama-globulin awuhlobo lweprotheyini etholakala egazini lethu. Cabanga ukuthi imizimba yethu ifana nezwe elikhulu. Khona-ke la ma-globulin angamasosha, izisebenzi, kanye nonjiniyela kulelo zwe abenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Lawa maprotheni akhiqizwa kakhulu yisibindi sethu kanye nesistimu yethu yokuzivikela yomzimba , okuyisistimu elwa nezifo.
Lawa ma-globulin akha cishe u-40% wamaprotheni egazini lethu. Enye iphrotheni eyinhloko yi-albumin.
Ngakho-ke iyiphi inkonzo enikezwa yilawa ma-globulin emizimbeni yethu?
Lezi zinhlobo zenza imisebenzi eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu:
- Ilwa nezifo: Njengamasosha, la ma-globulin asiza ekusivikeleni ezifweni ngokulwa namagciwane anjengamagciwane namagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu.
- Kusiza ukujiya kwegazi: Uma ulimala, igazi liyayeka ukuphuma kwegazi ngoba liyajiya. Lawa maprotheni ayasiza futhi kuleyo nqubo.
- Kusiza ekusebenzeni kwesibindi nezinso: Lokhu kubalulekile nasekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kwesibindi nezinso, okuyizitho ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu.
Kungani udokotela ekucela ukuthi wenze lolu vivinyo lwe-Globulin?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela engase anikeze lolu vivinyo.
1. Njengokuhlolwa kwempilo okuvamile (Ukuhlolwa): Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwakho kwempilo kwaminyaka yonke, lokhu kuhlolwa kungabona noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha, njengezinkinga zesibindi, kusenesikhathi.
2. Ukuxilongwa: Uma unezimpawu, isibonelo, uma usola inkinga yesibindi noma yezinso, lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni lokho.
3. Ukuqapha: Uma usuvele unesifo, imiphumela yalolu vivinyo ingakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi isifo siya siba ngcono noma siba sibi kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kwe-globulin?
Kuye ngezimpawu zakho kanye nesimo sakho sezokwelapha esisolwayo, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-globulin. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Ukuhlolwa Kwamaprotheni Aphelele
Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa oluvame kakhulu. Lulinganisa inani eliphelele lamaprotheni egazini lakho. Okungukuthi, inani lezinhlobo ezimbili zamaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi ama-globulin (ikakhulukazi ama-alpha nama-beta globulin) kanye ne-albumin. Amazinga e-alpha nama-beta globulin ayanda uma kukhona ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.
I-Albumin ingenye iphrotheni ebalulekile eyenziwe yisibindi. Ithutha ama-hormone, amavithamini, nama-enzyme emzimbeni wonke futhi ivimbela uketshezi ekuphumeni emithanjeni yegazi.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-Total Protein kuvame ukwenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi. Udokotela wakho angakuyalela lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo:
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma isisu (i-Edema) | Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukunqwabelana koketshezi emzimbeni. |
| Ukuluma (Pruritus) | Ukulunywa kwesikhumba okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
| I-Jaundice | Ukuphuzi kwamehlo nesikhumba. |
| I-Anorexia kanye nokungondleki kahle | Ukungafuni ukudla nokwehlisa isisindo somzimba. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ukucanuzela nokuhlanza njalo. |
| Ukukhathala kakhulu (Ukukhathala) | Ukukhathala ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
2. I-Electrophoresis ye-Serum Protein
Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa olukhethekile. Lulinganisa kakhulu izinga lama -gamma globulin . Elinye igama lama-gamma globulin yi -immunoglobulin . Lawa ngamasosha ayinhloko ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Lawa yiwo alwa ngqo namagciwane angena emzimbeni.
Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa uma kusolwa izifo ezihlobene nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Isibonelo:
- Ukungezwani komzimba
- Izifo ezihlasela umzimba - Lezi yizifo lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela khona imizimba yethu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Lupus kanye ne-Rheumatoid Arthritis.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, isibonelo, i-multiple myeloma.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa kanjani?
Lena inqubo elula kakhulu. Ingenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho, elebhu, noma esibhedlela. Ngokuvamile yenziwa umhlengikazi noma udokotela we-phlebotomist. Kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.
- Okokuqala, kufakwa ibhande lerabha (i-tourniquet) engalweni yakho ngaphezu nje kwendololwane ukuze imithambo ibonakale kakhudlwana futhi kube lula ukuyikhipha igazi.
- Bese kuthi indawo lapho igazi likhishwe khona ihlanzwe ngesibulali-magciwane.
- Kusetshenziswa inalithi encane kakhulu, inani legazi elidingekayo lithathwa emthanjeni liyiswe ebhodleleni elincane. Nakuba kuzwakala sengathi ukulunywa yintuthwane encane, akubuhlungu kakhulu.
- Uma igazi selikhishiwe, ibhande liyasuswa, inaliti iyasuswa, bese indawo icindezelwa ngekotoni isikhashana.
- Ekugcineni, kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni.
- Isampula yegazi elithathwe kuwe lizothunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze lihlolwe.
Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela noma yini ekhethekile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Ngezinye izikhathi ungase welulekwe ukuthi uzile ukudla cishe amahora ayi-12 ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi wenzeni.
Futhi, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi namavithamini owathathayo. Eminye imithi (isib. ama-corticosteroids, amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, i-insulin yesifo sikashukela) ingashintsha amazinga akho e-globulin. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzokutshela uma udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Zithini izinombolo ezisembikweni?
Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi imiphumela yelabhorethri ibuye. Uma imiphumela isifikile, udokotela uzokuchazela yona.
Amazinga e-Globulin alinganiswa ngamagremu nge-deciliter ngayinye (g/dL). Imiphumela ingahluka kancane kuye ngezindlela ezisetshenziswa yilebhu ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, kungcono njalo ukuhlolwa ilebhu efanayo uma uqapha isimo sakho.
| Ukuhlolwa | Inani elijwayelekile lomuntu ophilile (g/dL) |
|---|---|
| Amaprotheni Aphelele | 6.3 kuya ku-8.0 g/dL |
| I-Albumin | 3.9 kuya ku-4.9 g/dL |
| I-Globulin | 2.0 kuya ku-3.5 g/dL |
Iyini le A/G Ratio?
Ungase ubone inani elibizwa ngokuthi i-A/G Ratio embikweni wakho wokuhlolwa kwe-Total Protein. Lesi yisilinganiso esiphakathi kwe-albumin ne-globulin . Ngokuvamile, umuntu ophilile une-albumin eningi kune-globulin emzimbeni wakhe. Ngakho-ke, lesi silinganiso siphakeme kancane kune-1.
Kusho ukuthini ukwanda kwamazinga e-globulin?
Ukwanda kwamazinga amaprotheni egazini (i-hyperproteinemia) kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa okukodwa akukwazi ukuxilonga isifo . Lokhu kumane kuyisibonakaliso. Udokotela kuzodingeka enze ezinye izivivinyo ukuze axilonge. Izimbangela ezingaba khona zamazinga aphezulu e-globulin zifaka:
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo
- Izimo zomdlavuza (isb. i-Multiple Myeloma)
- Ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala emzimbeni
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi izinga eliphansi le-globulin lisho ukuthini?
Ngokufanayo, amazinga aphansi e-globulin angabonisa nesimo sempilo. Lokhu kudinga nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Izici eziyinhloko ezibangela lokhu yilezi:
- Isifo sezinso: Uma kukhishwa amaprotheni amaningi kakhulu ezinso, amazinga e-globulin angase ehle.
- Isifo sesibindi:Njengoba isibindi siyindawo eyinhloko yokwenza i-globulin, ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni kungase kwehle uma isibindi sonakele.
Eminye imicimbi ekhethekile
Ingabe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungabangela ukwanda kwe-globulin?
Yebo. Lapho okuqukethwe kwamanzi emzimbeni kwehla, ukuhlushwa kwegazi kuyanda. Ngakho-ke, izinga le-globulin lingase libonakale liphakeme kunalokho eliyikho ngempela. Leli nani lingabuyela esimweni esijwayelekile lapho izinga lamanzi emzimbeni libuyiselwa ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi.
Ingabe amazinga e-globulin ayashintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Yebo. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinga le-protein eliphelele kanye nezinga le-globulin liyanda kancane ngenxa yezinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni. Lawa mazinga abuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Lokhu kuvamile futhi akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
Okokugcina, i-globulin iyiqembu lamaprotheni abalulekile empilweni yomzimba wethu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nempilo yesibindi sakho, izinso, kanye nesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela. Khumbula, ungakhathazeki ngenani eliphansi noma eliphakeme embikweni. Kusho ukuthi kukhona okudingeka kuhlolwe kabanzi. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi akunike iseluleko esifanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Globulin uhlobo olubalulekile lweprotheyini egazini lethu. Ikhiqizwa yisibindi kanye nesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela.
- Lokhu kubalulekile ekulweni nezifo, ukujiya kwegazi, kanye nempilo yesibindi/izinso.
- Uma amazinga e-globulin engaphandle kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga yesibindi, izinso, noma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- Lokhu akukwazi ukuxilongwa ngokuhlolwa okukodwa. Udokotela uzodinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze afinyelele esiphethweni ngalesi sifo.
- Uma unenkinga ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi .
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