Inhliziyo yakho iyiphampu emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Le phampu ithumela igazi elidingekayo kuzo zonke izicubu nezitho zomzimba. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, le nhliziyo ingaba buthakathaka. Khona-ke inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi eliningi njengoba umzimba udinga. Ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo (Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo) noma (Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Okuhlanganisiwe - CHF). Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu, lokhu akusho ukuthi inhliziyo iyeke ukusebenza, kodwa kusho ukuthi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kuye kwaba buthakathaka.
Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo singalawulwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, lokhu kwelashwa kuphela akwanele. Yilapho odokotela becabanga khona ngokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho, kunciphise izimpawu, futhi kukusize uphile isikhathi eside.
Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa?
Manje ungase ucabange, 'Ingabe wonke umuntu uyahlinzwa?' Cha, akunjalo. Udokotela wakho uzosikisela ukuhlinzwa ngezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko.
- Yelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Ngezinye izikhathi inhliziyo ingaba buthakathaka ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo noma inkinga ye-valve. Ukuhlinzwa kungayilapha leyo mbangela eyisisekelo.
- Thuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo: Ukuhlinzwa kungenza kube lula ngenhliziyo ukupompa igazi.
- Ukusindisa impilo: Lapho isifo sesiqhubekela phambili kakhulu ukuba singalawulwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kusindiswe impilo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezenziwayo ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo?
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa zalokhu. Ezinye zihlinza kancane kancane. Ezinye zifinyelela ezingeni lokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile kanye nokufakelwa inhliziyo. Sizoxoxa ngazo zonke lezi zinhlobo ngokwehlukana.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa kwe-Catheter | Ukuvala izindawo enhliziyweni ezibangela izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile. |
| Amadivayisi Afakwe | Ukufaka idivayisi efana ne-pacemaker noma i-defibrillator ngaphansi kwesikhumba ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| I-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) | Ukudala umzila omusha (wokudlula) wokugeleza kwegazi, ukudlula umzila wegazi ovinjiwe. |
| I-Angioplasty kanye ne-Stent | Ibhaluni lisetshenziselwa ukwandisa umthambo wegazi ovalekile bese kufakwa i-mesh encane (i-stent) ukuze ivinjwe futhi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Valve Yenhliziyo | Ukulungisa ivalvu yenhliziyo engasebenzi kahle noma ukufaka entsha. |
| Idivayisi ye-LVAD | Ukufakelwa kwephampu encane (Idivayisi Yokusiza I-Ventricular Left) esiza inhliziyo ukupompa igazi. |
| Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo | Ukususa inhliziyo ebuthakathaka bese uyitshala ngenhliziyo enempilo evela kumnikeli. |
Ukususwa kwe-Catheter
Lena inqubo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile, esibizwa ngokuthi i-arrhythmia. Le arrhythmia ibangelwa izimpawu zikagesi ezingalungile ezivela engxenyeni ethile yenhliziyo. Kule nqubo, udokotela ufaka ithubhu elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) enhliziyweni ngomthambo wegazi embotsheni yakho noma engalweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, esebenzisa ukushisa noma ukubanda okukhulu ngethubhu, izicubu ezithumela izimpawu ezingalungile ziyabhujiswa.
Amadivayisi Afakwe Alawula Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo
Uma une-arrhythmia enzima, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukufaka idivayisi encane ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Izintambo ezixhunywe kulawa madivayisi zifakwa enhliziyweni yakho. Ziqapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi zithumele izimpawu zikagesi uma kudingeka ukuze kubuyiselwe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
- I-ICD (ICD) Engatshalwa Ku-Cardioverter:Lokhu kuthola ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile, okungase kusongela ukuphila bese kuletha ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi enhliziyweni ukuze kuyibuyisele esimweni sayo esijwayelekile. Kufana 'nokusetha kabusha' okuncane enhliziyweni.
- I-Pacemaker Ehlala Njalo: Lokhu kugcina inhliziyo ishaya kancane kancane ngokuthumela njalo ama-pulse amancane kagesi enhliziyweni.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Coronary artery bypass (Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bypass)
Imithambo yenhliziyo, ehlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni, ivaleka ngamafutha kanye ne-cholesterol. Le plaque ingavimba imithambo yegazi. Lokhu kunciphisa inani legazi nomoya-mpilo inhliziyo ewudingayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kwenza imisipha yenhliziyo ibe buthaka. Ekuhlinzeni nge-bypass, udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa umthambo wegazi ophilile ovela kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho (ngokuvamile umlenze wakho) ukudala umzila omusha wegazi wokudlula ukuvaleka.
Kufana nokwakha umgwaqo odlulayo ukuze ugweme ukuminyana kwezimoto emgwaqweni.
I-Angioplasty kanye ne-Stent
Lokhu futhi kuyindlela encane yokuhlinzwa yokuvula umthambo wenhliziyo ovinjiwe. Kulokhu, ibhaluni elincane ekugcineni kwe-catheter lidluliselwa emthanjeni wegazi ovinjiwe bese livuvukala. Lokhu kuphula i-plaque evinjiwe bese kwandisa umthambo wegazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ithubhu elincane elifana ne-mesh, elibizwa ngokuthi i-stent, emngxunyeni ukuze livinjwe futhi.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Valve Yenhliziyo
Ama-valve asenhliziyweni yakho alawula ukugeleza kwegazi ohlangothini olulodwa. Lawa ma-valve awakwazi ukuvala kahle, okubangela ukuba igazi livuza emuva (ukubuyela emuva), noma izindonga zama-valve zingaba zijiyile futhi zingavuleki kahle (i-stenosis). Kuzo zombili izimo, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. Lokhu kungabangela nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukulungisa i-valve engasebenzi kahle noma ukuyishintsha ngentsha.
I-LVAD (Idivayisi Yokusiza Nge-Ventricular Yesobunxele)
Kwabanye abantu, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuba kubi kakhulu kangangokuthi inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi emzimbeni ngokwayo. I-LVAD iyipompo encane efakwa engxenyeni engakwesobunxele yenhliziyo. Isilawuli sigqokwa ngaphandle komzimba. Kwabanye abantu, sisetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, kanti kwabanye, sisetshenziswa 'njengebhuloho' lesikhashana kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukufakelwa inhliziyo.
Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo
Lena inketho yokugcina yomuntu onesifo senhliziyo esisesigabeni sokugcina. Inhliziyo yakho ebuthakathaka iyasuswa bese kufakelwa inhliziyo enempilo evela kumnikeli oshonile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinhliziyo zabanikeli, kufanele uhlangabezane nezindinganiso eziqinile ukuze ufanelekele ukufakelwa inhliziyo.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa?
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza yonke imiyalelo edingekayo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Isibonelo:
- Izinto okufanele uzidle futhi uziphuze nezinto okungafanele uzenze
- Imithi okufanele uyithathe futhi uyiyeke
- Okufanele ukugqoke nokuthi yini okufanele uyiphathe uma uza esibhedlela
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzodluliselwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) noma egunjini elijwayelekile. Ubude besikhathi ohlala kuso esibhedlela buzoncika ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa olwenzile kanye nempilo yakho. Ungase ukwazi ukuya ekhaya zingakapheli izinsuku, noma kungase kudingeke uhlale amasonto ambalwa. Abanye abantu kungase kudingeke bahlale esikhungweni sokuvuselela isikhashana ukuze baphinde bathole amandla.
Yiziphi izimo eziyingozi?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Kunethuba elincane lokopha, ukutheleleka, isifo sohlangothi, ngisho nokufa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokuchazela ngokucacile ukuthi lezi zingozi zihlobene kanjani nobudala bakho kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Buza nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngaleso sikhathi.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuyisimo sesikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlala uthintana nodokotela wakho. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ziba zimbi noma ziqala ukuvela.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathala/Ubuthakathaka | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphelelwa umoya uma uphumula, uhamba, noma ugoba. |
| Ukuvuvukala (i-Edema) | Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amaqakala, izinyawo, noma isisu. |
Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngemva nje kokuhlinzwa. Yiya emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe. Uma unezinkinga noma ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokululama, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuwukuba buthaka kwenhliziyo, hhayi ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ngokuphelele. Lesi yisimo esingalawulwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele.
- Ukuhlinzwa kungaba yindlela enhle uma imithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila kunganele.
- Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa, kusukela ekuhlinzeni okungangenisi kakhulu kuya ekufakelweni kwenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngezinzuzo nezingozi zako.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha kanye nokubhekwa njalo kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze umuntu alulame ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
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