Ingabe unenkinga yokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho nalapho wenza imisebenzi evamile? Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yenkinga yevalvu yenhliziyo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukutshelile ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe leyo valve esikhundleni sayo (Heart Valve Replacement Surgery). Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa into efana nale. Yingakho sicabange ukuthi sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kungani inhliziyo idinga ama-valve? Kusho ukuthini lokhu?
Kalula nje, inhliziyo yethu ifana nephampu enamakamelo amane. Phakathi kwala makamelo kuneminyango emine esiza ukugcina igazi ligeleza ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Leyo minyango yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-valve enhliziyo .
Ngenxa yokuthi la ma-valve avuleka futhi avaleka kahle, igazi ligeleza ngendlela ehlelekile.
- Kusukela engxenyeni eyodwa yenhliziyo kuya kwenye.
- Amaphaphu athola umoya-mpilo.
- Umthambo wegazi oyinhloko (i-Aorta) uthumela igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke.
Cabanga ukuthi amanzi esinkini sethu awaphumi kahle. Amanzi ayabhajwa, noma aqhubeka nokugeleza. Yilokho okwenzekayo uma kunevalvu enesifo. Ukugeleza kwegazi kuyavaleka, noma igazi livuza emuva (regurgitation). Lokhu kubangela inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kanzima.
Kulesi simo, udokotela uzoqala azame ukuyilawula ngemithi. Kodwa uma lokho kungasebenzi, ivalvu kungadingeka ilungiswe noma ishintshwe ngokuphelele.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-valve ezisetshenziswayo ukushintsha?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-valve. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukulungele, ecabangela izici ezifana neminyaka yakho, impilo yakho, kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila.
1. Amavalvu Ezinto Eziphilayo
Lawa ama-valve enziwe ngezicubu. Abizwa nangokuthi ama-valve ezicubu noma ama-valve e-bioprosthetic .
- Izicubu zezinkomo: Kusukela olwelwesini olumboze inhliziyo yenkomo.
- Izicubu zengulube: Ezivela ku-valve yenhliziyo yengulube.
- I-Homograft: I-valve yenhliziyo yomuntu ethathwe kumuntu oshonile onikelayo. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa kubantu abasebasha noma labo ama-valve abo onakele ngenxa yokutheleleka.
2. Amavalvu Omshini
Lawa amavalvu enziwe ngezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside njengekhabhoni ne-titanium. Aklanyelwe ukusebenza njengamavalvu akho. Ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi ahlala impilo yonke.
Uma ufaka ama-valve athile omshini, ungase uzwe umsindo omncane "wokuchofoza" njengoba uvula futhi uvala. Lokhu kuyinto evamile futhi akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
Okwebhayoloji noma okwemishini? Ukhetha kanjani?
Lesi sinqumo sibaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso ngokucophelela. Ithebula elingezansi lizokunikeza umbono omuhle ngomehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
| Isici | I-Valve Yezinto Eziphilayo | Ivalvu Yomshini |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuqina | Ngokuvamile kuthatha iminyaka eyi-15-20. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi kuphinde kusetshenziswe. | Ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Yakhelwe ukuhlala impilo yonke. |
| Izinto zokunciphisa igazi | Abantu abaningi akudingeki bathathe le mithi (isib. i-Warfarin) impilo yabo yonke. | Kuphoqelekile ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (njenge-Warfarin) impilo yakho yonke . |
| Ifanelekela bani? | Ifaneleka kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-60-65, labo abangafuni ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi , kanye nabesifazane abahlela ukukhulelwa. | Ilungele kakhulu abantu abasebasha, abakhuthele kakhulu (isib., abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-50 ubudala be-Aortic valve, abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-65 ubudala be-Mitral valve). |
| Ukungalungi | Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingase iguge futhi idinge ukushintshwa. | Kudingeka imithi yempilo yonke kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo. Kukhona ingozi yokopha. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwenza ukuhlinzwa?
Manje kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha i-valve.
1. Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo Evulekile: Lena yindlela yendabuko. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusikwa okukhulu phakathi kwethambo lesifuba.
2. Ukuhlinzwa Okungangeni Kakhulu: Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ukusika okuncane esifubeni. Lokhu kuphumela esikhathini esincane sokululama, ukulahlekelwa igazi okuncane, kanye nengozi ephansi yokutheleleka.
3. Ukufakwa Kwe-Transcatheter Aortic Valve (TAVR): Lena inqubo entsha nethuthuke kakhulu. Isifuba asivulwa. I-catheter (ipayipi elincane) idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi iye enhliziyweni ngokusikwa okuncane esinqeni noma esifubeni, bese i-valve entsha ifakwa ku-valve endala bese ilungiswa. Le nqubo ifaneleka kakhulu kulabo abangakwazi ukuthwala izingozi zokuhlinzwa okuvulekile.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) ukuze uhlolwe usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa egunjini elijwayelekile. Ukuhlala esibhedlela konke kungathatha cishe izinsuku ezi-5-7.
Isikhathi Sokululama:
- Kungathatha inyanga noma ezimbili ukuphulukiswa ngokuphelele. Uma kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa okungadingi ukungenelela okukhulu, isikhathi sokululama sifushane kakhulu.
- Uzozizwa ukhathele ngokushesha emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Lokho kuvamile. Kancane kancane uzophinde uthole amandla akho.
- Ungaphakamisi isisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-4.5 (4.5 kg) amasonto angu-6-8.
- Ungashayeli amasonto ambalwa. Cela iseluleko kudokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya usuka esibhedlela, ungase uthunyelwe ohlelweni lokuvuselela inhliziyo, oluzokusiza kakhulu ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela wakho noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha:
- Imfiva.
- Inxeba lokuhlinzwa livuvukile, libomvu, noma liphuma ubomvu.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni.
- Ukwanda kwesisindo esingu-2-3 kg ezinsukwini ezimbalwa (kungaba uphawu lokugcinwa kwamanzi).
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula.
- Ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo noma ukucindezeleka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha ama-valve enhliziyo manje kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu nesindisa impilo, ngakho-ke ungesabi ngokungadingekile.
- Uhlobo lwe-valve (yebhayoloji noma yemishini) kanye nenqubo yokuhlinzwa efanele wena izonqunywa udokotela wakho, ecabangela izici ezifana nobudala bakho kanye nesimo sempilo yakho.
- Uma kufakwa i-valve yomshini, kuzodingeka uthathe imithi yokuvimbela ukuvuza kwegazi futhi uhlolwe njalo impilo yakho yonke.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama ngokuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuhlinzwa noma izinkinga ezingase zivele ngemva kwako, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
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