Cabanga ngomuntu oseduze nawe, mhlawumbe ingane encane ene-asthma noma umuntu osekhulile, ngokuzumayo akakwazi ukuphefumula, abe nesifo sokuwa, futhi acime. Besingasaba kangakanani ngesikhathi esinjengaleso? Ngakho-ke, namuhla sikhuluma ngokwelashwa okukhethekile odokotela abangakusebenzisa ezibhedlela ezimweni eziphuthumayo kangaka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Heliox. Kunezikhathi lapho lokhu kungaba ukwelashwa okusindisa impilo.
Kalula nje, iyini iHeliox?
I-Heliox iyinhlanganisela yamagesi amabili, i-helium nomoya-mpilo. Isetshenziswa ngabasebenzi bezempilo, okungukuthi, odokotela, ukwelapha iziguli ezinobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukunciphisa umzamo umzimba okufanele uwenze ukuze uphefumule.
Bheka manje, umoya esivame ukuwuphefumula cishe u-21% we-oxygen kanye no-78% we-nitrogen. Ngisho nasesibhedlela, i-oxygen inikezwa njengomoya-mpilo omsulwa noma ixutshwe ne-nitrogen. Kodwa lapha, i-helium gas inekhono elikhethekile. I-Helium iyigesi elula kakhulu kune-nitrogen.
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sithathe isibonelo esincane. Cabanga ukuthi indlela yakho yomoya (umoya) inciphile ngenxa yomkhuhlane, i-asthma, noma esinye isizathu. Kufana nepayipi lamanzi elivalekile. Manje, uma uzama ukusunduza uketshezi olujiyile, njengoju, ngaleli payipi elivalekile, kungaba nzima kangakanani? Kufanele ufake ingcindezi enkulu. Igesi ye-nitrogen inzima kancane. Kodwa uma uzama ukusunduza uketshezi olulula njengamanzi ngaleli payipi? Ligeleza kalula kakhulu. Igesi ye-Helium ilula njengamanzi. Ngakho-ke, i-helium isiza ukuthwala umoya-mpilo kalula ngemigudu yomoya evalekile nevalekile iye emaphashini.
I-Helium, njenge-nitrogen, "iyigesi engasebenzi kahle". Lokho kusho ukuthi ayisabelani nezinye izinto emzimbeni. Umzimba uthatha umoya-mpilo kuphela kule ngxube bese uphefumula i-helium. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-helium "iyimoto" nje ethwala umoya-mpilo uye emaphashini.
Isetshenziswa nini i-Heliox?
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-Heliox ayilona ikhambi lesifo. Kunalokho, iwukusekelwa okunikezwayo ukugcina isiguli sizinzile kuze kube yilapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha (isib. imithi ye-asthma) zisebenza kahle futhi isimo sesiguli sithuthuka. Kufana nokunikeza umuntu i-buoy lapho ecwila. Kuyasiza ukusindisa impilo yakhe, ngenkathi elinde ithimba lokutakula ukuba lifike. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ezinye zezimo eziyinhloko lapho i-Heliox isetshenziswa khona.
| Isimo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlaselwa kwesifuba somoya okunzima (Status Asthmaticus) | Uma izindlela zokuphefumula ziba zincane kakhulu esimweni esibi se-asthma esingalawulwa ukwelashwa okuvamile futhi esingaba yingozi empilweni. |
| Ukuvalwa Kwendlela Yomoya | Uma indlela yokungena komoya ivinjiwe yithumba noma into ethile (isib. ucezu lokudla) ibambeka. |
| I-COPD (isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona) esibangela ukubhebhetheka | Uma iziguli ze-COPD zinenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula ngenxa yesizathu esinjengokutheleleka. |
| I-ARDS (i-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) | Isimo lapho amaphaphu onakala khona ngenxa yokutheleleka okukhulu noma izingozi futhi agcwala uketshezi kuze kube yilapho ukuphefumula kungenzeki. |
| I-stridor yangemva kokukhipha intuthu | Uma kukhishwa ipayipi lokuphefumula, njengangemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi kuba nomsindo wokuphefumula lapho uphefumula ngenxa yokuvuvukala emphinjeni. |
| Ukugula Kokunciphisa Ukucindezeleka ("Ama-Bend") | Lapho ababhukudi bolwandle olujulile bevela ngokushesha kakhulu, igesi ye-nitrogen eqongelela egazini labo iphenduka amabhamuza. |
Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa kanjani?
Kunezindlela eziningana zokunikeza ukwelashwa kwe-Heliox. Udokotela uzonquma ngokusekelwe esimweni sesiguli.
- Nge-Ventilator: Le ndlela isetshenziswa lapho isiguli singazi lutho futhi ukuphefumula kunikezwa ngumshini uma singakwazi ukuphefumula sodwa.
- Ngemaski Yobuso:Inikezwa ngemaski ekhethekile efanela ikhala nomlomo wesiguli.
- Nge-cannula yamakhala: Inikezwa ngepayipi elincane elibekwe ngaphansi kwekhala.
Udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uzokwenza umehluko phakathi kwephesenti le-helium ne-oxygen kuye ngezidingo zesiguli. Izingxube ezivamile ezisetshenziswayo yi-70% helium/30% oxygen noma i-60% helium/40% oxygen.
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwalokhu?
Izinzuzo
Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, ukuthi kunciphisa umzamo umzimba okufanele uwufake ukuze uphefumule. Uma sinenkinga yokuphefumula, imisipha yethu yesifuba neyesisu isebenza kanzima kakhulu. Lokhu kunciphisa lowo mzamo futhi kunikeza umzimba ikhefu. Kunciphisa nokuvinjelwa kokudlula komoya-mpilo emigwaqweni yomoya emincane.
Ukungalungi
Inkinga enkulu noma inselele ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kudinga imishini ekhethekile nabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe ukuphatha. Izilinganiso kanye nezilungiselelo zemishini evame ukusetshenziswa ukuphatha umoya-mpilo zingashintsha lapho kuphathwa i-heliox. Ngakho-ke, odokotela nabasebenzi kudingeka bazi ngokugcwele ngalezi zinguquko.
Kodwa njengesiguli, awunaso isizathu sokwesaba lokhu. Odokotela bayakwazi kahle lokhu, futhi uma nje lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabo, ingozi esigulini iphansi kakhulu.
Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa kuze kube yilapho isiguli sesikwazi ukuphefumula kahle sodwa noma singadluliselwa ekwelashweni okuvamile komoya-mpilo. Ukuthi ukululama kwenzeka ngokushesha kangakanani kuncike ekutheni isimo esiyisisekelo (isib. i-asthma) silawulwa ngokushesha kangakanani.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Heliox iyinhlanganisela ye-helium negesi yomoya-mpilo. Isetshenziswa ezibhedlela ngenxa yobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula.
- Lokhu kusebenza ngokusiza ekuthwaleni umoya-mpilo kalula ngokusebenzisa izindlela zomoya ezincishisiwe ukuya emaphashini, njengoba igesi ye-helium ilula kune-nitrogen.
- Lokhu akulona ikhambi lesifo, kodwa ukwelashwa kwesikhashana okusekelayo okunikeza isiguli impumuzo esimweni esiphuthumayo, njenge-asthma enzima noma ukuvaleka komoya.
- Lokhu kuhlinzekwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe besebenzisa imishini ekhethekile.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebhekene nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ngokushesha ukumyisa e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze, lapho odokotela bezokunikeza khona ukwelashwa okudingekayo.
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