Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-Hepatitis C. Indlela ethinta ngayo isibindi sakho buthule

Wake wezwa nge-Hepatitis C? Mhlawumbe yebo, mhlawumbe cha. Yigciwane elingena emzimbeni ngokunyenya futhi lilimaze isibindi. Abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banalo ngoba alibonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela ezinhle zokwelapha ngalo manje!

Kuyini i-Hepatitis C?

Kalula nje, i-Hepatitis C yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane elihlasela isibindi sethu. Uma leli gciwane, elibizwa ngokuthi i-Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), lingena esibindini sethu, libangela ukuvuvukala. Njengoba nje sithola inxeba, liyavuvukala. Lokhu kuvuvukala kulimaza isibindi kancane kancane. Ezimweni eziningi, uma kungelashwa, ngeke kube ngcono ngokwako. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isibindi singalimala kakhulu. Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle! Manje kunemithi emisha engayelapha ngokuphelele i-Hepatitis C. Inkinga ukuthi abantu abaningi ababonisi izimpawu futhi abazi ukuthi banazo.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Nansi into ebalulekile. Iningi labantu alibonisi zimpawu! Leyo yingxenye eyesabekayo yalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babonise izimpawu ezithile lapho igciwane lingena emzimbeni futhi umzimba uqala ukulwa nalo, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi 'sokushesha'.

Izimpawu ezibukhali

Lezi zimpawu zingafana nezomkhuhlane ovamile. Bheka:

• Kuzwakala sengathi kubuhlungu esiswini.
• Umchamo omnyama, mhlawumbe indle encane
• Izimpawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, njengomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, isicanucanu, kanye nokukhathala
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba kanye nokumhlophe kwamehlo. Lokhu sikubiza nangokuthi 'i-jaundice'.

Izimpawu ezenzeka isikhathi eside (ezingapheli)

Manje, uma ungenazo izimpawu ezibukhali okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni, ungase ungazizwa lutho iminyaka eminingi. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-hepatitis C 'engapheli'. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isibindi siqala ukusebenza kancane kancane, izimpawu ezinjengalezi zingase zivele:

• Zonke izimpawu okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni (njengobuhlungu besisu, i-jaundice) zingase zibuye.
• Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa nezinye izici ezintsha zingase zengezwe:
• Igazi esitulweni noma igazi elihlanzayo
• Ukopha njalo, kuphenduke kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngisho noma kunenxeba elincane
• Ukuluma okungabekezeleleki emzimbeni wonke
• Izintende zibonakala zibomvu noma zimnyama.
• Ama-spider angiomas (imithambo yegazi emincane efana nesicabucabu esikhumbeni)
• Isisu sigcwele amanzi futhi isisu siyavuvukala (sikubiza lokhu ngokuthi `(ama-Ascites)`)

Lokhu kudluliselwa kanjani kumuntu?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. I-Hepatitis C idluliselwa kakhulu ngegazi . Okusho ukuthi, idluliselwa lapho igazi lomuntu one-Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) lingena emzimbeni womunye umuntu. Cabanga ngakho njengokwabelana ngezinaliti ezisetshenziswa ukujova izidakamizwa.Kubikwa ukuthi lena yindlela eyinhloko yokudlulisela lokhu ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.

Kodwa kunezinye izindlela ezingasakazeka ngazo:

• Ingane ingathola i-hepatitis C kumama onayo (kungaba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngesikhathi sokuzalwa).
• Esikhathini esidlule, abantu babengenwa yileli gciwane ngokumpontshelwa igazi elalingahlolwanga kahle. Kodwa manje leyo ngozi iphansi kakhulu, ngoba igazi lihlolwa kahle uma linikelwa.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nasezibhedlela, uma kusetshenziswa imishini engahlanzwanga kahle, ingadluliselwa ngegazi (kodwa lokhu nakho kuyinto engavamile kakhulu manje).
• Ungangenwa yileli gciwane ngokuthatha i-tattoo noma ukubhoboza umzimba usebenzisa imishini engakahlanzwa kahle . Kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu.
• Mhlawumbe uma wabelana nge-razor noma ibhulashi lamazinyo nomunye umuntu ogcwele igazi. Cabanga ngokwabelana ngezinto ezinjengalezi nabangani endlini yokulala, akunjalo? Kukhona ingozi uma uthola igazi elivela enxebeni elincane.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi, noma ungenazo izimpawu futhi ungazi ukuthi une-hepatitis C, usengayisakaza. Kodwa khumbula, isakaza kuphela ngegazi. Ayisabalali ngezinto ezifana namathe, ukujuluka, ukuxhawulana, noma ukwabelana ngokudla.

Kwenzekani kuwe uma uthola i-hepatitis C?

I-Hepatitis C ayithinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Kwabanye abantu, cishe abangu-30 kwabayi-100 , igciwane lisuswa amasosha omzimba abo lapho belithola okokuqala (isigaba esiphuthumayo). Lokhu kungathatha izinyanga eziningana. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abaningi (cishe abangu-70 kwabayi-100), lokhu akwenzeki ngokwako. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziningi zokulwa, umzimba ekugcineni uba nokutheleleka okuqhubekayo ngegciwane, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukutheleleka 'okungapheli'.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokuba ne-hepatitis C isikhathi eside?

Ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C okungapheli kusho ukuthi isibindi sakho sinokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kufana nesifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona. Lokhu kuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kulimaza kancane kancane isibindi sakho iminyaka eminingi. Izibazi zenzeka esibindini, okusivimbela ukuthi sisebenze kahle. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-cirrhosis . Lesi yisimo abantu abaningi abasisabayo. Lapho i-cirrhosis iba nzima, isibindi singahluleka ngokuphelele (ukwehluleka kwesibindi okungamahlalakhona).

I-cirrhosis kanye nokwehluleka kwesibindi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezengeziwe, njenge:

• Ukwanda kwengcindezi emithanjeni yegazi exhunywe esibindini (i-Portal Hypertension)
• Umdlavuza Wesibindi

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-hepatitis, noma uma unezimpawu zesifo sesibindi, kufanele ubonane nodokotela. Udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi ahlole ukuvuvukala, ukuphuzi kwamehlo, nezinye izinto.

Ngemva kwalokho, uzocelwa ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana. Okuyinhloko yile:

• Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody: Lokhu kuhlola igazi lakho ukuthola ama-antibodies ngokumelene negciwane le-hepatitis C. Uma lokhu kuqinisekile, kuqinisekisa ukuthi wake waba ne-hepatitis C.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-RNA: Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody ``kulungile,'' lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokulandelayo. Kuhlola ukuthi igciwane lisasebenza yini emzimbeni wakho. Okusho ukuthi, lingabona ukuthi umzimba wakho usulisusile yini igciwane ngokwawo, noma ukuthi usathelelekile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-genotype: Kunezinhlobo okungenani eziyisithupha eziyinhloko zegciwane le-hepatitis C. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungakutshela ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwegciwane onalo. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi akukhethele ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi (LFTs): Lokhu kuhlola impilo yonke yesibindi sakho.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukuthi isibindi sakho sithintekile, udokotela wakho angase acele ezinye izivivinyo ukuze aqhubeke nokuphenya ngomonakalo wesibindi sakho. Isibonelo esisodwa ukuskena kwe-ultrasound okubizwa ngokuthi i-Transient Elastography (Fibroscan) . Lokhu kungalinganisa ukuqina kwesibindi, noma ubukhulu bezibazi/i-fibrosis.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Lezi yizindaba ezinhle ngempela! Manje sekukhona ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kakhulu kwe-hepatitis C. Esetshenziswa kakhulu yimithi 'esebenza ngqo yokulwa namagciwane' (DAA) . Lena imithi ethathwa njengamaphilisi. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zemithi 'ye-DAA' esebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zegciwane.

Nazi ezinye zemithi evame ukunqunywa udokotela (lena inqunywa udokotela):

• `I-Elbasvir/grazoprevir (Zepatier®)`
• `I-Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (Mavyret®)`
• "I-Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (Harvoni®)"
• ``Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (Epclusa®)''
• "I-Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (Vosevi®)"

Lo muthi ungase ube nzima ukuwukhumbula, kodwa udokotela uzokukhetha umuthi ofanele wena.

Uma usune-hepatitis C isikhathi eside futhi isibindi sakho sonakele kakhulu, ungase udinge ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Eminye yemiphumela yomonakalo ingabuyiselwa emuva, kodwa eminye ayikwazi. Ungase udinge nokwelapha eminye imiphumela yesifo sesibindi. Lokhu kwelashwa kwe-'DAA' kuvame ukuhlala izinyanga ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha. Kwabanye abantu, kungahlala isikhathi eside.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Iningi labantu alibi nemiphumela emibi kakhulu evela kule mithi 'ye-DAA', kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi emincane.

• Ukungakhululeki okuncane kwesisu
• Uhudo
• Ukukhathala
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Isicanucanu
• Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nobunzima obuncane bokuphefumula

Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, kufanele utshele udokotela.

Yini enye engingayenza ukuze ngivikele isibindi sami?

Uma unesifo sesibindi, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kwesibindi okwengeziwe. Lezi zibalulekile kunoma yisiphi isifo sesibindi, hhayi nje i-hepatitis C.

• Uma uphuza utshwala, kufanele uyeke ngokuphelele noma unciphise kakhulu. Utshwala buyisitha sesibindi.
• Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka nalokho.
• Uma ungakayitholi imijovo ye-Hepatitis A ne-Hepatitis B, yithole. Ngoba isibindi esivele sihlushwa yi-Hepatitis C singaba nzima ukusisingatha uma sithola olunye uhlobo lwe-hepatitis.
• Hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho njalo futhi ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngokucophelela.

Awukwazi yini ukuzivikela ku-hepatitis C?

Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuzivikela kulokhu ukugwema ukuthola igazi elithelelekile . Okwamanje akukho muthi wokugomela i-hepatitis C. Ososayensi bayawucwaninga, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zaleli gciwane futhi liyashintsha ngokushesha, kuyinselele kancane ukudala umuthi wokugomela osebenzela wonke umuntu.

Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuqaphela izindlela zokudlulisela esixoxe ngazo ngaphambili:

• Uma usebenzisa izidakamizwa, ungabelani ngezinaliti. (Ngempela, kungcono ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa.)
• Uma udweba ama-tattoo noma ubhoboza umzimba, khetha izindawo ezisebenzisa imishini emisha ehlanziwe kuphela .
• Ungasebenzisi izinsingo noma amabhulashi amazinyo abanye abantu.

Iyini i-prognosis ye-hepatitis C?

Sikhulume ngaphambilini ngendlela abanye abantu, ezigabeni zokuqala zegciwane (isigaba esiphuthumayo), abangalulama ngayo ngokwabo. Kodwa kubantu abaningi, kuba ukutheleleka okungapheli. Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu noma wazi ukuthi unalo, i-hepatitis C engapheli iyaqhubeka nokulimaza isibindi sakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlolwa njalo.

Kodwa, uma usuyazi ukuthi unesifo, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ngoba iningi lezifo ze-hepatitis C lingelapheka ngokuphelele ngemithi yokulwa namagciwane ekhona manje! Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usunesikhathi eside kangakanani unesifo, singelapheka.

Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, ngisho nangemva kokuba i-hepatitis C isilaphekile, omunye umonakalo esibindini (ikakhulukazi i-cirrhosis) ungase ungalungiseki. Cishe abantu abangu-20% asebenalesi sifo iminyaka engu-20-30 bangase babe nalo monakalo ongenakulungiseka.

Ungase umangale futhi ukhathazeke uma uthola ukuthi une-hepatitis C. Ungase ungazizwa ugula nhlobo, futhi ungase ungazi nokuthi uyithole kanjani noma nini. Kodwa ukwazi ukuthi unayo kungcono kunokungazi. I-Hepatitis C iyisifo esingelapheka. Futhi uma iqashelwa futhi yelashwa kusenesikhathi, ingasindisa isibindi sakho ekulimaleni kwesikhathi eside.

Khumbula into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, kusukela kulokho esikhulume ngakho, lezi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• I-Hepatitis C igciwane elilimaza isibindi. Ngokuvamile alibonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni.
• Idluliselwa kakhulu ngokugwinya igazi elinegciwane. Ingadluliselwa futhi ngezinto ezifana nokwabelana ngezinaliti kanye nokudweba ama-tattoo/ukubhoboza ngemishini engahlanzwanga.
• Manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zale mithi (i-DAA). Ingelapheka ngokuphelele ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
• Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi usengozini, noma uma unezimpawu zesifo sesibindi, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze akuhlole.
• Uma kuqashelwa futhi kwelashwa kusenesikhathi, umonakalo omkhulu esibindini (i-cirrhosis, umdlavuza) ungavinjelwa.
• Ungesabi! Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungabi namahloni ubuze udokotela wakho. Hlala uphilile!

I- Hepatitis C, isibindi, igciwane, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, ukudluliselwa, i-cirrhosis, i-HCV, isifo sesibindi