Ake sifunde nge-Human Growth Hormone (HGH) ngamagama alula.

Uzizwa sengathi ingane yakho ayikhuli kahle njengoba kufanele? Noma uhlala uzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele? Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu isithunywa esincane samakhemikhali emzimbeni wakho. Enye i-hormone ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwemizimba yethu kanye nezinye izinto eziningi ibizwa ngokuthi i-hormone yokukhula komuntu . Siyibiza ngokuthi i-HGH (i-Human Growth Hormone) ngamafuphi. Abanye bayibiza nangokuthi i-somatotropin . Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale HGH ngokuningiliziwe, kalula.

Iyini i-HGH? Ikhiqizwa kanjani emizimbeni yethu?

Kalula nje, i-HGH iyi-hormone yemvelo ekhiqizwa yimizimba yethu. Ikhiqizwa yindlala encane etholakala ngaphansi kobuchopho bethu, cishe ngobukhulu bethambo elincane. Siyibiza ngokuthi yi-pituitary gland . Le hormone ye-HGH ithinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba wethu. Ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kwezingane . I-HGH isiza kakhulu ezintweni ezifana nokwenza ingane yakho ibe yinde nokwenza amathambo ayo aqine.

Kodwa-ke, uma sesikhulile, okungukuthi, ngemva kokuba amapuleti okukhula emathanjeni ethu (ama-epiphyses) evaliwe, i-HGH ayisasenzi sibe bade. Kodwa akusikho konke lokho i-HGH ekwenzayo. Ngisho nangemva kokuba sesikhulile, i-HGH isiza ekugcineni isakhiwo esijwayelekile somzimba wethu futhi igcine i-metabolism yethu isebenza kahle. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwe-metabolism yilokho okuguqula ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla. I-HGH isiza futhi ukugcina amazinga ethu kashukela egazini (i-glucose) ezingeni elithile.

Ama-hormone angamakhemikhali emizimbeni yethu. Asebenza njengezithunywa. Ahamba egazini futhi atshele izitho zethu, imisipha, nezinye izicubu ukuthi senzeni nokuthi sikwenze nini. Kunama-hormone angaphezu kuka-50 emizimbeni yethu!

I-pituitary gland engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni itholakala phansi kobuchopho, ngaphansi kwe-hypothalamus . Le hypothalamus ilawula izinto eziningi njengomfutho wegazi wethu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, kanye nokugaya ukudla. Ngakho-ke, le hypothalamus yilokho okutshela i-pituitary gland ukuthi ikhiphe i-HGH. I-hormone esiza ngalokho ibizwa ngokuthi i-GHRH (i-hormone yokukhula ekhulula i-hormone) . Futhi, enye i-hormone (somatostatin) ivela ku-hypothalamus ukuze iyeke ukukhishwa kwe-HGH. Lena yindlela i-HGH elawulwa ngayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa i-HGH yokwenziwa ukwelapha izifo ezithile. Kodwa khumbula, ungalokothi usebenzise i-HGH yokwenziwa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

Yiziphi izici ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-HGH?

Indlala yethu ye-pituitary ivame ukukhulula i-HGH ngamanani amancane phakathi nosuku, abizwa ngokuthi ama-pulses . Lokhu kulawulwa ikakhulukazi ama-hormone amabili avela ku-hypothalamus abizwa ngokuthi i-GHRH kanye ne-somatostatin.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa namanye ama-hormone ahilelekile. Isibonelo,I-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) yehlisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-HGH, kuyilapho ama-hormone afana ne -thyroxine , i-glucocorticoids , kanye ne-ghrelin enyusa ukukhishwa kwe-HGH.

I-IGF-1, ekhishwa yisibindi sethu, ingumkhiqizo omkhulu womsebenzi we-HGH. Le IGF-1 yiyo elawula ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-HGH. Okusho ukuthi, i-HGH ibangela ukuthi kukhiqizwe i-IGF-1, kanti i-IGF-1 ekhiqiziwe iphinde yehlise ukukhiqizwa kwe-HGH. Kufana nomjikelezo.

Kumuntu ophilile, ukukhishwa kwe-HGH kuvinjelwa amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (i-hyperglycemia) . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhishwa kwe-HGH kukhuthazwa izinto ezifana nokulala, ukucindezeleka, ukuvivinya umzimba, amazinga aphansi kashukela egazini (i-hypoglycemia) , kanye nama-amino acid .

Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-hormone ye-HGH?

I-HGH inemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko:

1. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni)

2. Ukuthinta imetabolism (indlela esiguqula ngayo ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla)

I-HGH nokukhula

I-HGH isiza zonke izicubu nezitho zomzimba wethu ukuba zikhule. Kodwa idume kakhulu ngokusiza i-cartilage namathambo ukuba akhule. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sobusha. Amaseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-chondrocytes ku-cartilage nama -osteoblast emathanjeni athola izimpawu ezivela ku-HGH ukuze ahlukane futhi akhule abe makhulu.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, i-HGH ayikhulisi ukuphakama ngemva kokuba ama-growth plate (epiphyses) emathanjeni engane evaliwe. Esikhundleni salokho, i-HGH isiza ukugcina isakhiwo somzimba esijwayelekile kukho konke ukuphila.

I-HGH kanye ne-metabolism

I-metabolism inqubo yamakhemikhali eguqula ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla. Wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu adinga amandla ukuze asebenze kahle.

I-HGH ithinta kakhulu i-metabolism ngokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-IGF-1, okushintsha indlela ethinta ngayo amaseli omzimba wethu. I-IGF-1 iyi-hormone enesakhiwo esifana ne -insulin . I-insulin iyi-hormone ebalulekile ekhiqizwa yi-pancreas yethu eyehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini (i-glucose) . I-IGF-1 inekhono lokwehlisa ushukela egazini.

Ngokuvamile, imizimba yethu ilawula ngokucophelela izinga likashukela egazini lethu. Ushukela wegazi, noma ushukela, uhlobo oluyinhloko lukashukela egazini lethu. Siwuthola ekudleni kwama-carbohydrate esikudlayo. Loshukela yiwona ohlinzeka ngamandla ezithweni zethu zomzimba, emisipheni, kanye nasesimisweni sezinzwa.

I-insulini iyi-hormone eyinhloko eyehlisa ushukela egazini uma iphezulu. Futhi i-hormone i-glucagon inyusa ushukela egazini uma iphansi. Kodwa-ke, i-HGH ivame ukwandisa ushukela egazini uma iphansi. Kodwa-ke,Uma inani le-HGH emzimbeni wakho landa kakhulu, lingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-insulin futhi libangele amazinga kashukela egazini akhuphuke.

Ingabe i-HGH ikwenza ube mude ngempela?

Yebo, i-HGH ingakhuphula ubude bezingane. Kodwa lokho kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ama-growth plate asemathanjeni azo ahlangane. I-HGH ayikwazi ukukwenza ube mude ngemva kokuba ama-growth plate esehlangene. Esikhundleni salokho, ngemva kokufinyelela ubude bakho obuphezulu, i-HGH isiza ekugcineni isakhiwo somzimba wakho kanye ne-metabolism.

Ayini amazinga ajwayelekile e-HGH?

Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, i-pituitary gland ikhipha i-HGH ngokuqhuma usuku lonke. Lawa mazinga ayahlukahluka kuye ngesikhathi sosuku, iminyaka, kanye nobulili. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukodwa ukuze kulinganiswe i-HGH akusizi kakhulu ekuxilongeni isimo. Esikhundleni salokho, odokotela babheka amazinga e-HGH ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezikhethekile (izivivinyo zokukhuthaza noma zokucindezela).

Amazinga ajwayelekile e-HGH anjengokulandelayo:

• Abesilisa abadala: 0.4 kuya ku-10 nanograms ngemililitha ngayinye (ng/mL)
• Abesifazane abadala: 1 kuya ku-14 nanograms nge-milliliter (ng/mL)
• Izingane: ama-nanogram ayi-10 kuye kwangama-50 ngemililitha ngayinye (ng/mL)

Kodwa khumbula, la manani angahluka kancane kusuka elabhorethri kuya kwelebhu. Ngakho-ke qhathanisa nobubanzi obujwayelekile embikweni wakho welabhorethri. Uma unenkinga, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-HGH ehla? (Ukuntuleka kwama-hormone okukhula)

Uma amazinga e-HGH ephansi kunokuvamile, sikubiza ngokuthi i-Growth Hormone Deficiency . Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa inkinga ethile noma umonakalo ku-pituitary gland. Lokhu kungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypopituitarism . Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-hormone eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ekhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland iyancishiswa. I-HGH nayo iyi-hormone engathinteka ngale ndlela.

Lokhu kuntuleka kwe-HGH kuthinta abantu abadala nezingane ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Uma amazinga e-HGH ehla kubantu abadala:

Uma amazinga e-HGH omuntu omdala ehla, kungase kube nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• Ukuncipha kwenjabulo nokwaneliseka ngokuphila.
• Amafutha omzimba akhuphukile.
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo.
• Ubuthakathaka benhliziyo, imisipha namathambo.

Kwabantu abadala, lesi simo singabangelwa yi -pituitary adenoma (lokhu akuwona umdlavuza, kodwa isimila) noma umonakalo ku-pituitary gland/hypothalamus.

Uma izingane zine-HGH ephansi:

Uma amazinga e-HGH engane ehla, ukukhula kuzoncipha. Uphawu oluyinhloko izinga lokukhula kobude elihamba kancane ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane okwesithathu. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-1.4 ngonyaka. Isibonelo, uma ingane yakho ibonakala imfushane kakhulu kunezinye izingane ekilasini, kufanele ukhathazeke.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane enesifo se-HGH ingaba nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuso obubukeka buncane kakhulu kunobudala bawo.
• Ukukhula kwezinwele okuphazamisekile.
• Ukuthomba okulibazisekile.

Izingane zingazalwa zinalesi simo. Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela ayaziwa (idiopathic), ingaba yizakhi zofuzo, noma ingabangelwa ukulimala kwe-pituitary gland ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ingabangelwa ukulimala kwe-pituitary gland noma i-hypothalamus kamuva ekuphileni.

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-HGH ekhuphuka?

Isimo esiyinhloko esihlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu e-HGH kunejwayelekile yi -acromegaly . Lokhu kuthinta nabantu abadala nezingane ngendlela ehlukile. Yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.

I-Acromegaly kubantu abadala

Abantu abadala abane-acromegaly bavame ukuba nezandla nezinyawo ezivuvukile noma ezikhuphukile kanye nezinguquko ezicini zobuso .

Bangase babe namathambo aqinile nezitho zangaphakathi ezinkulu. Banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme , isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kanye nesifo senhliziyo. Amacala angaphezu kuka-99% e-acromegaly abangelwa izimila ezingezona umdlavuza endlaleni ye-pituitary ebizwa ngokuthi i-pituitary adenomas . Lawa mathumba angakhiqiza i-HGH eningi kakhulu. I-Acromegaly ivame kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka ephakathi, ngemva kokukhula okuphelele. Ngakho-ke, abantu abadala abane-acromegaly abakhuli bade. Kunalokho, amathambo abo angase aqine.

I-Acromegaly (i-Gigantism) ezinganeni

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi izingane zibe namazinga aphezulu e-HGH ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele ubude bazo obugcwele. Lokhu kungabangela ukukhula ngokweqile kwamathambo amade, okuholela ezinganeni ezinde ngokungavamile. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-juvenile acromegaly . Ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi i-gigantism . Uma singelashwa, lezi zingane zingakhula zibe ngamafidi amabili noma ngaphezulu. Zingase futhi zibe nezimpawu ezifana nokudinwa, ukubambezeleka kokuthomba, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.

Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa yi-pituitary adenoma.

Amazinga e-HGH alinganiswa kanjani?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi inezinkinga ezihlobene ne-HGH, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe igazi kaningana ukuze kuhlolwe amazinga akho e-HGH.

Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, indlala ye-pituitary ikhipha i-HGH egazini usuku lonke kanye nobusuku ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuqonda kahle isimo ngokuthatha igazi nokuhlola i-HGH kanye kuphela.

Ngakho-ke, odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa izindlela ezibizwa ngokuthi ukukhuthazwa kwama-hormone okukhula kanye nokuhlolwa kokucindezela ukuze bathole izimo ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-HGH noma ukweqisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungenziwa ukuhlola amazinga e -IGF-1 (i-insulin-like growth factor 1) .

I-HGH isetshenziswa kanjani njengomuthi?

I-United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ivumile i-HGH yokwenziwa ukwelapha izimo ezithile. Le HGH yokwenziwa ingatholakala kuphela ngomuthi kadokotela, futhi inikezwa njengomjovo.

I-HGH inikezwa izingane ngaphansi kwezimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuntuleka kwe-hormone yokukhula.
• Izimo ezibangela ukufiphala komzimba, njengesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona , i-Turner syndrome , kanye ne-Prader-Willi syndrome .

I-HGH inqunyelwe abantu abadala kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuntuleka kwe-hormone yokukhula.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimisipha ngenxa ye -HIV .
• Isifo samathumbu amafushane .

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi usebenzise i-HGH yokwenziwa ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho ekunike yona.

Iyini imiphumela emibi ye-HGH yokwenziwa?

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingase ivele uma usebenzisa i-HGH yokwenziwa njengokwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Lena yile:

• I-Carpal tunnel syndrome (i-nerve ecindezelwe esihlakaleni).
• Ukwanda kokumelana ne-insulin kanye/noma isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo (i-edema) .
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga nemisipha.
• Ukwanda kwezicubu zebele kwabesilisa (i-gynecomastia) .
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.

Abacwaningi abasenalo ulwazi olwanele mayelana nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yokwelashwa kwe-HGH okwenziwe.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana namazinga e-HGH?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ezihlobene nokuntuleka kwe-HGH noma ukweqisa (isib. ukukhula kancane, ukukhulisa izitho), qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.

Uma usuvele welashwa ngenxa yokungajwayelekile kwamazinga e-HGH, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle.

I-HGH iyi-hormone enamandla ebalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Ngezinye izikhathi i-pituitary gland yethu ingenza okuningi noma okuncane kakhulu ngayo. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninayo noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela. Bakhona ukukusiza.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho sixoxe kakhulu nge-HGH namuhla, akunjalo? Ake siphinde sichaze kafushane:

• I-HGH iyi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kwethu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobuntwana, kanye nokwakheka komzimba wethu.
• Lokhu kukhiqizwa yindlala ye-pituitary ebuchosheni bethu.
• Uma amazinga e-HGH ehla, izingane zingase zikhule kancane, futhi abantu abadala bangase babe nezinkinga zempilo ezahlukahlukene.
• Uma amazinga e-HGH enyuka, izimo ezifana ne-acromegaly zingase zenzeke.Ezinganeni, lokhu kungabonakala njengobudlabha, okusho ukukhula ubude obungavamile.
• Uma usola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ninenkinga nge-HGH, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Ungalokothi usebenzise i-HGH yokwenziwa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

Khumbula, konke lokhu kuhloselwe ukukufundisa. Uma unezinkinga zempilo, udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza ikhambi elingcono kakhulu. Hlala uphilile!

I - Hormone Yokukhula Komuntu, i-HGH, i-Pituitary Gland, Ukukhula Kwengane, Ukuphakama Komzimba, I-Metabolism, Ukungalingani Kwama-Hormonal